feat(admin): streamline group management

README.md

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ The token is displayed once and stored only as a SHA-256 hash.
 - PostgreSQL and Drizzle ORM
 - Keycloak OIDC for admin access with the `minecraft-account-manager-admin` role
 - Admin user search, account management, event exploration, DAU and confirmed-connection metrics, toggleable Natural Earth/OpenStreetMap user-location views, and automatic Discord nickname synchronization
-- Exclusive group admission: unassigned users fall back to protected `everyone`, and only the effective group's access and VPN/proxy/Tor exception settings apply
+- Exclusive group admission: unassigned users fall back to protected `everyone`, and administrators manage effective membership, access, and VPN/proxy/Tor exceptions through confirmed group workflows
 - Deployment-managed Discord guild ID and invite URL
 - discord.js bot with `/register` and `/account`
 - Java Edition online-mode accounts only

apps/web/package.json

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4.2.1",
+    "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2",
     "@types/d3-geo": "^3.1.1",
     "@types/leaflet": "^1.9.22",
     "@types/node": "^25.0.3",
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
     "@types/topojson-client": "^3.1.5",
     "eslint": "^9.39.4",
     "eslint-config-next": "^16.2.1",
+    "jsdom": "^30.0.1",
     "tailwindcss": "^4.2.1",
     "typescript": "^5.9.3",
     "vitest": "^4.1.0"

apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/[groupId]/page.tsx

@@ -1,16 +1,28 @@
-import { groups, userGroupMemberships, users } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
+import { groups, minecraftAccounts, userGroupMemberships, users } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
-import { asc, eq } from "drizzle-orm";
+import { and, asc, desc, eq, isNull, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
 import Link from "next/link";
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation";
+import { AdminModalForm } from "@/components/admin-modal-form";
+import { AdminUserTable } from "@/components/admin-user-table";
+import { GroupPolicyControl } from "@/components/group-policy-control";
 import { db } from "@/lib/database";
-import { addGroupMember, assignDefaultGroup, deleteGroup, removeGroupMember, setGroupAccess, setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess } from "../actions";
+import { isEffectiveGroupMember } from "@/lib/group-management";
+import { assignUserGroupFromRegistry } from "../../users/actions";
+import { deleteGroup, setGroupAccess, setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess, updateGroupDetails } from "../actions";
 
 const savedMessages: Record<string, string> = {
-  created: "Group created with access disabled.",
+  created: "Group created.",
-  access: "Group access policy updated.",
+  details: "Group details updated.",
-  "network-access": "Group VPN, proxy, and Tor policy updated.",
+  access: "Minecraft access policy updated.",
-  "member-added": "User assigned to the group.",
+  "network-access": "VPN, proxy, and Tor policy updated.",
-  "member-removed": "User returned to the default group.",
+  group: "Member group updated.",
+};
+
+const errorMessages: Record<string, string> = {
+  "invalid-group": "Enter a valid name and a description of no more than 500 characters.",
+  "duplicate-group": "A group with that name already exists.",
+  "invalid-group-assignment": "The user or destination group no longer exists. No membership change was applied.",
 };
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
@@ -20,31 +32,43 @@ export default async function GroupPage({
   searchParams,
 }: {
   params: Promise<{ groupId: string }>;
-  searchParams: Promise<{ saved?: string }>;
+  searchParams: Promise<{ error?: string; saved?: string }>;
 }) {
   const { groupId } = await params;
   const query = await searchParams;
   const [group] = await db.select().from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1);
   if (!group) notFound();
 
-  const [allUsers, memberships] = await Promise.all([
+  const [allUsers, allGroups, memberships] = await Promise.all([
     db.select({
       id: users.id,
       firstName: users.firstName,
       discordUsername: users.discordUsername,
       discordGlobalName: users.discordGlobalName,
       discordUserId: users.discordUserId,
-    }).from(users).orderBy(asc(users.discordUsername)),
+      onboardingCompletedAt: users.onboardingCompletedAt,
-    db.select({
+      primaryUsername: minecraftAccounts.username,
-      userId: userGroupMemberships.userId,
+      accountCount: sql<number>`(
-      groupId: userGroupMemberships.groupId,
+        select count(*)::int from ${minecraftAccounts} account_count
-      groupName: groups.name,
+        where account_count.user_id = ${users.id}
-    }).from(userGroupMemberships).innerJoin(groups, eq(groups.id, userGroupMemberships.groupId)),
+          and account_count.deleted_at is null
+      )`,
+    })
+      .from(users)
+      .leftJoin(minecraftAccounts, and(
+        eq(minecraftAccounts.userId, users.id),
+        eq(minecraftAccounts.isPrimary, true),
+        isNull(minecraftAccounts.deletedAt),
+      ))
+      .orderBy(users.firstName, users.discordUsername),
+    db.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault })
+      .from(groups).orderBy(desc(groups.isDefault), asc(groups.name)),
+    db.select({ userId: userGroupMemberships.userId, groupId: userGroupMemberships.groupId })
+      .from(userGroupMemberships),
   ]);
-  const assignmentByUser = new Map(memberships.map((membership) => [membership.userId, membership]));
+  const assignmentByUser = Object.fromEntries(memberships.map((membership) => [membership.userId, membership.groupId]));
-  const memberCount = group.isDefault
+  const memberUsers = allUsers.filter((user) => isEffectiveGroupMember(user.id, assignmentByUser, group));
-    ? allUsers.length - assignmentByUser.size
+  const returnTo = `/admin/groups/${group.id}`;
-    : memberships.filter((membership) => membership.groupId === group.id).length;
 
   return (
     <main className="mx-auto max-w-6xl px-6 py-12">
@@ -53,83 +77,57 @@ export default async function GroupPage({
         <div>
           <p className="font-mono text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-[0.25em] text-accent">Access group</p>
           <div className="mt-4 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3"><h1 className="font-display text-5xl font-black uppercase sm:text-7xl">{group.name}</h1>{group.isDefault && <span className="bg-ink px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-canvas">Default</span>}</div>
-          <p className="mt-3 max-w-2xl text-sm leading-6 text-muted">{group.description ?? "No description."}</p>
+          <p className="mt-3 max-w-2xl whitespace-pre-line text-sm leading-6 text-muted">{group.description ?? "No description."}</p>
         </div>
-        <div className="grid gap-6 sm:grid-cols-2">
+        <AdminModalForm
-          <form action={setGroupAccess} className="border-l-2 border-accent pl-5">
+          action={updateGroupDetails}
+          description={group.isDefault ? "Update the protected default group's description. Its name remains everyone." : "Update the administrator-facing name and description. The internal slug remains stable."}
+          submitLabel="Save details"
+          title={`Edit ${group.name}`}
+          triggerClassName="border border-ink px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider"
+          triggerLabel="Edit group"
+        >
           <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
-            <input name="accessEnabled" type="hidden" value={group.accessEnabled ? "no" : "yes"} />
+          <div className="space-y-5">
-            <p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">Minecraft admission</p>
+            <label className="block text-sm font-bold">Name<input className="mt-2 w-full border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent read-only:cursor-not-allowed read-only:text-muted" defaultValue={group.name} maxLength={50} name="name" readOnly={group.isDefault} required /></label>
-            <p className="mt-2 font-display text-2xl font-black uppercase">{group.accessEnabled ? "Allowed" : "Denied"}</p>
+            <label className="block text-sm font-bold">Description<textarea className="mt-2 min-h-32 w-full resize-y border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" defaultValue={group.description ?? ""} maxLength={500} name="description" /></label>
-            <button className="mt-3 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-accent underline underline-offset-4" type="submit">Turn access {group.accessEnabled ? "off" : "on"}</button>
-          </form>
-          <form action={setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess} className="border-l-2 border-accent pl-5">
-            <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
-            <input name="anonymizedNetworksAllowed" type="hidden" value={group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed ? "no" : "yes"} />
-            <p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">VPN / proxy / Tor</p>
-            <p className="mt-2 font-display text-2xl font-black uppercase">{group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed ? "Allowed" : "Denied"}</p>
-            <button className="mt-3 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-accent underline underline-offset-4" type="submit">Turn exceptions {group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed ? "off" : "on"}</button>
-          </form>
           </div>
+        </AdminModalForm>
       </header>
 
-      {query.saved && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-signal bg-panel px-5 py-4 font-mono text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-wider" role="status">{savedMessages[query.saved] ?? "Group updated."}</p>}
+      {query.saved && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-signal bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm" role="status">{savedMessages[query.saved] ?? "Group updated."}</p>}
+      {query.error && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-accent bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm text-accent" role="alert">{errorMessages[query.error] ?? "The group operation failed."}</p>}
 
-      <section className="mt-10">
+      <section aria-labelledby="group-policy-heading" className="mt-10 border border-line bg-panel p-6 shadow-[6px_6px_0_var(--color-shadow)]">
-        <div className="flex items-end justify-between border-b border-line pb-4">
+        <div className="border-b border-line pb-4"><p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">Admission controls</p><h2 className="mt-2 font-display text-3xl font-black uppercase" id="group-policy-heading">Group policies</h2></div>
-          <div><p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">Membership</p><h2 className="mt-2 font-display text-3xl font-black uppercase">Registered users</h2></div>
+        <div className="mt-6 grid gap-6 sm:grid-cols-2">
-          <span className="font-mono text-xs text-muted">{memberCount} members</span>
+          <PolicyDetail description="Controls whether members can connect to Minecraft." label="Minecraft access"><GroupPolicyControl action={setGroupAccess} enabled={group.accessEnabled} groupId={group.id} groupName={group.name} memberCount={memberUsers.length} policy="Minecraft access" returnLocation="detail" /></PolicyDetail>
-        </div>
+          <PolicyDetail description="Allows confirmed VPN, proxy, and Tor connections." label="VPN / proxy / Tor"><GroupPolicyControl action={setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess} enabled={group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed} groupId={group.id} groupName={group.name} memberCount={memberUsers.length} policy="VPN / proxy / Tor" returnLocation="detail" /></PolicyDetail>
-        {group.isDefault && <p className="border-b border-line bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm text-muted">Users belong to <strong className="text-ink">everyone</strong> only while they have no explicit group assignment.</p>}
-        <div className="divide-y divide-line">
-          {allUsers.map((user) => {
-            const assignment = assignmentByUser.get(user.id);
-            const isMember = group.isDefault ? !assignment : assignment?.groupId === group.id;
-            return (
-              <article className="grid gap-4 py-5 sm:grid-cols-[1fr_auto] sm:items-center" key={user.id}>
-                <div>
-                  <Link className="font-mono text-sm font-bold underline decoration-line underline-offset-4 hover:decoration-accent" href={`/admin/users/${user.id}`}>{user.firstName ?? user.discordGlobalName ?? user.discordUsername}</Link>
-                  <p className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px] text-muted">@{user.discordUsername} · {user.discordUserId}</p>
-                  {!isMember && assignment && <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-muted">Currently assigned to {assignment.groupName}</p>}
-                </div>
-                {isMember ? (
-                  group.isDefault ? <span className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-muted">Default assignment</span> : (
-                    <form action={removeGroupMember}>
-                      <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
-                      <input name="userId" type="hidden" value={user.id} />
-                      <button className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-accent underline underline-offset-4" type="submit">Return to everyone</button>
-                    </form>
-                  )
-                ) : (
-                  <form action={group.isDefault ? assignDefaultGroup : addGroupMember}>
-                    <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
-                    <input name="userId" type="hidden" value={user.id} />
-                    <button className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-ink underline underline-offset-4" type="submit">Move to {group.name}</button>
-                  </form>
-                )}
-              </article>
-            );
-          })}
-          {!allUsers.length && <p className="py-8 text-sm text-muted">No registered users yet.</p>}
         </div>
       </section>
 
+      <section className="mt-10" aria-labelledby="group-members-heading">
+        <div className="flex items-end justify-between border-b border-line pb-4">
+          <div><p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">Effective membership</p><h2 className="mt-2 font-display text-3xl font-black uppercase" id="group-members-heading">Members</h2></div>
+          <span className="font-mono text-xs text-muted">{memberUsers.length} {memberUsers.length === 1 ? "member" : "members"}</span>
+        </div>
+        <p className="border-x border-line bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm text-muted">{group.isDefault ? <>These users have no explicit assignment and therefore use <strong className="text-ink">everyone</strong>.</> : <>Choose another group to move a member, or choose <strong className="text-ink">everyone</strong> to remove the member from {group.name}. Every change requires confirmation.</>}</p>
+        <div className="mt-5"><AdminUserTable action={assignUserGroupFromRegistry} assignmentByUser={assignmentByUser} emptyMessage="This group has no effective members." groups={allGroups} returnTo={returnTo} users={memberUsers} /></div>
+      </section>
+
       {!group.isDefault && (
-        <section className="mt-12 border border-accent bg-panel p-6">
+        <section className="mt-12 flex flex-col gap-5 border border-accent bg-panel p-6 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between">
-          <p className="font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-accent">Danger zone</p>
+          <div><p className="font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-accent">Danger zone</p><h2 className="mt-2 font-display text-2xl font-black uppercase">Delete {group.name}</h2><p className="mt-2 max-w-2xl text-sm leading-6 text-muted">All {memberUsers.length} effective {memberUsers.length === 1 ? "member" : "members"} will return to everyone.</p></div>
-          <h2 className="mt-3 font-display text-2xl font-black uppercase">Delete {group.name}</h2>
+          <AdminModalForm action={deleteGroup} description={`Permanently delete ${group.name} and return ${memberUsers.length} ${memberUsers.length === 1 ? "member" : "members"} to everyone. This cannot be undone.`} intent="danger" submitLabel="Delete group" title={`Delete ${group.name}?`} triggerClassName="bg-accent px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-canvas" triggerLabel="Delete group">
-          <p className="mt-3 max-w-2xl text-sm leading-6 text-muted">Deleting this group returns its {memberCount} {memberCount === 1 ? "member" : "members"} to the protected default group. This cannot be undone.</p>
-          <details className="mt-5">
-            <summary className="w-fit cursor-pointer font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase text-accent underline underline-offset-4">Review deletion</summary>
-            <form action={deleteGroup} className="mt-4 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-4">
             <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
             <input name="confirmDelete" type="hidden" value="yes" />
-              <button className="bg-accent px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-canvas" type="submit">Delete group permanently</button>
+          </AdminModalForm>
-              <span className="text-xs text-muted">Members will use everyone immediately.</span>
-            </form>
-          </details>
         </section>
       )}
     </main>
   );
 }
+
+function PolicyDetail({ children, description, label }: { children: ReactNode; description: string; label: string }) {
+  return <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-5 border-l-2 border-accent pl-5"><div><h3 className="font-mono text-xs font-bold uppercase">{label}</h3><p className="mt-2 text-xs leading-5 text-muted">{description}</p></div>{children}</div>;
+}

apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/actions.ts

@@ -1,179 +1,178 @@
 "use server";
 
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
-import { events, groups, userGroupMemberships, users } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
+import { events, groups, userGroupMemberships } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
 import { getClientIp } from "@minecraft-account-manager/network";
-import { and, eq } from "drizzle-orm";
+import { and, eq, ne, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
 import { headers } from "next/headers";
 import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
-import { recordAdminSubjectEvent } from "@/lib/audit";
 import { requireAdminSession } from "@/lib/auth/require-admin";
 import { db } from "@/lib/database";
+import { editableGroupName, groupSlug, validateGroupDetails } from "@/lib/group-management";
 
 const UUID_PATTERN = /^[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[1-5][0-9a-f]{3}-[89ab][0-9a-f]{3}-[0-9a-f]{12}$/i;
-const SLUG_PATTERN = /^[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*$/;
+
+type Admin = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof requireAdminSession>>;
+type ReturnLocation = "list" | "detail";
 
 function groupPath(groupId: string, query?: string) {
   return `/admin/groups/${encodeURIComponent(groupId)}${query ? `?${query}` : ""}`;
 }
 
+function returnLocation(formData: FormData): ReturnLocation {
+  return formData.get("returnLocation") === "list" ? "list" : "detail";
+}
+
+function operationPath(groupId: string, location: ReturnLocation, query: string) {
+  return location === "list" ? `/admin/groups?${query}` : groupPath(groupId, query);
+}
+
+async function auditContext() {
+  const requestHeaders = await headers();
+  return getClientIp(requestHeaders, process.env.TRUST_PROXY === "true");
+}
+
+function auditData(admin: Admin, data: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  return { ...data, adminEmail: admin.email, adminName: admin.name };
+}
+
 export async function createGroup(formData: FormData) {
   const admin = await requireAdminSession();
-  const name = String(formData.get("name") ?? "").trim();
+  const details = validateGroupDetails(formData.get("name"), formData.get("description"));
-  const slug = String(formData.get("slug") ?? "").trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (!details) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-group");
-  const description = String(formData.get("description") ?? "").trim();
+  const accessEnabled = formData.get("accessEnabled") === "yes";
-  if (name.length < 1 || name.length > 50 || !SLUG_PATTERN.test(slug) || slug.length > 50 || description.length > 500) {
+  const anonymizedNetworksAllowed = formData.get("anonymizedNetworksAllowed") === "yes";
-    redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-group");
+  const ipAddress = await auditContext();
-  }
 
-  let group: { id: string } | undefined;
+  let created: { id: string } | null = null;
   try {
-    [group] = await db.insert(groups).values({
+    created = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-      name,
+      await tx.execute(sql`select pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('minecraft-account-manager-group-identity'))`);
+      const [duplicate] = await tx.select({ id: groups.id }).from(groups)
+        .where(sql`lower(${groups.name}) = lower(${details.name})`).limit(1);
+      if (duplicate) return null;
+      const existing = await tx.select({ slug: groups.slug }).from(groups);
+      const slug = groupSlug(details.name, new Set(existing.map((group) => group.slug.toLowerCase())));
+      const [group] = await tx.insert(groups).values({
+        name: details.name,
         slug,
-      description: description || null,
+        description: details.description || null,
-      accessEnabled: false,
+        accessEnabled,
-      anonymizedNetworksAllowed: false,
+        anonymizedNetworksAllowed,
         isDefault: false,
       }).returning({ id: groups.id });
-  } catch {
+      if (!group) throw new Error("Group insert returned no row");
-    redirect("/admin/groups?error=duplicate-group");
+      await tx.insert(events).values({
-  }
+        id: randomUUID(),
-  if (!group) redirect("/admin/groups?error=create-failed");
+        source: "/web/admin",
-
+        type: "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.created",
-  await recordAdminSubjectEvent(admin, `group/${group.id}`, "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.created", {
+        subject: `group/${group.id}`,
-    name,
+        time: new Date(),
+        data: auditData(admin, {
+          name: details.name,
           slug,
-    accessEnabled: false,
-    anonymizedNetworksAllowed: false,
-  });
-  redirect(groupPath(group.id, "saved=created"));
-}
-
-export async function setGroupAccess(formData: FormData) {
-  const admin = await requireAdminSession();
-  const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const accessEnabled = formData.get("accessEnabled") === "yes";
-  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId)) redirect("/admin/groups?error=unknown-group");
-
-  const [group] = await db.update(groups).set({ accessEnabled, updatedAt: new Date() })
-    .where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).returning({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name });
-  if (!group) redirect("/admin/groups?error=unknown-group");
-
-  await recordAdminSubjectEvent(admin, `group/${group.id}`, "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.access-updated", {
-    name: group.name,
           accessEnabled,
+          anonymizedNetworksAllowed,
+        }),
+        ipAddress: ipAddress ?? null,
       });
-  redirect(groupPath(group.id, "saved=access"));
+      return group;
+    });
+  } catch {
+    redirect("/admin/groups?error=create-failed");
+  }
+  if (!created) redirect("/admin/groups?error=duplicate-group");
+  redirect(groupPath(created.id, "saved=created"));
 }
 
-export async function setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess(formData: FormData) {
+export async function updateGroupDetails(formData: FormData) {
   const admin = await requireAdminSession();
   const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const anonymizedNetworksAllowed = formData.get("anonymizedNetworksAllowed") === "yes";
+  const details = validateGroupDetails(formData.get("name"), formData.get("description"));
+  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId) || !details) redirect(operationPath(groupId, "detail", "error=invalid-group"));
+  const ipAddress = await auditContext();
+
+  const result = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    await tx.execute(sql`select pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('minecraft-account-manager-group-identity'))`);
+    await tx.execute(sql`select ${groups.id} from ${groups} where ${groups.id} = ${groupId} for update`);
+    const [current] = await tx.select().from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1);
+    if (!current) return "missing" as const;
+    const name = editableGroupName(current.name, current.isDefault, details.name);
+    if (!current.isDefault) {
+      const [duplicate] = await tx.select({ id: groups.id }).from(groups)
+        .where(and(sql`lower(${groups.name}) = lower(${name})`, ne(groups.id, current.id))).limit(1);
+      if (duplicate) return "duplicate" as const;
+    }
+    const [updated] = await tx.update(groups).set({ name, description: details.description || null, updatedAt: new Date() })
+      .where(eq(groups.id, current.id)).returning({ id: groups.id });
+    if (!updated) return "missing" as const;
+    await tx.insert(events).values({
+      id: randomUUID(),
+      source: "/web/admin",
+      type: "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.details-updated",
+      subject: `group/${current.id}`,
+      time: new Date(),
+      data: auditData(admin, {
+        previousName: current.name,
+        name,
+        previousDescription: current.description,
+        description: details.description || null,
+      }),
+      ipAddress: ipAddress ?? null,
+    });
+    return "updated" as const;
+  });
+  if (result === "missing") redirect("/admin/groups?error=unknown-group");
+  if (result === "duplicate") redirect(groupPath(groupId, "error=duplicate-group"));
+  redirect(groupPath(groupId, "saved=details"));
+}
+
+async function updateGroupPolicy(
+  formData: FormData,
+  policy: "access" | "anonymized-networks",
+) {
+  const admin = await requireAdminSession();
+  const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
+  const location = returnLocation(formData);
   if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId)) redirect("/admin/groups?error=unknown-group");
-  const requestHeaders = await headers();
+  const enabled = formData.get("enabled") === "yes";
-  const ipAddress = getClientIp(requestHeaders, process.env.TRUST_PROXY === "true");
+  const ipAddress = await auditContext();
 
   const group = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-    const [updated] = await tx.update(groups).set({ anonymizedNetworksAllowed, updatedAt: new Date() })
+    await tx.execute(sql`select ${groups.id} from ${groups} where ${groups.id} = ${groupId} for update`);
-      .where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).returning({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name });
+    const [current] = await tx.select().from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1);
+    if (!current) return null;
+    const update = policy === "access" ? { accessEnabled: enabled } : { anonymizedNetworksAllowed: enabled };
+    const [updated] = await tx.update(groups).set({ ...update, updatedAt: new Date() })
+      .where(eq(groups.id, current.id)).returning({ id: groups.id });
     if (!updated) return null;
     await tx.insert(events).values({
       id: randomUUID(),
       source: "/web/admin",
-      type: "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.anonymized-network-access-updated",
+      type: policy === "access"
-      subject: `group/${updated.id}`,
+        ? "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.access-updated"
+        : "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.anonymized-network-access-updated",
+      subject: `group/${current.id}`,
       time: new Date(),
-      data: { name: updated.name, anonymizedNetworksAllowed, adminEmail: admin.email, adminName: admin.name },
+      data: auditData(admin, {
+        name: current.name,
+        previousEnabled: policy === "access" ? current.accessEnabled : current.anonymizedNetworksAllowed,
+        enabled,
+      }),
       ipAddress: ipAddress ?? null,
     });
-    return updated;
+    return current;
   });
   if (!group) redirect("/admin/groups?error=unknown-group");
-  redirect(groupPath(group.id, "saved=network-access"));
+  redirect(operationPath(group.id, location, `saved=${policy === "access" ? "access" : "network-access"}`));
 }
 
-export async function addGroupMember(formData: FormData) {
+export async function setGroupAccess(formData: FormData) {
-  const admin = await requireAdminSession();
+  return updateGroupPolicy(formData, "access");
-  const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const userId = String(formData.get("userId") ?? "");
-  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId) || !UUID_PATTERN.test(userId)) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  const [[group], [user]] = await Promise.all([
-    db.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault }).from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1),
-    db.select({ id: users.id }).from(users).where(eq(users.id, userId)).limit(1),
-  ]);
-  if (!group || !user || group.isDefault) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  const previousGroup = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-    const [previous] = await tx
-      .select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name })
-      .from(userGroupMemberships)
-      .innerJoin(groups, eq(groups.id, userGroupMemberships.groupId))
-      .where(eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, user.id))
-      .limit(1);
-    await tx.delete(userGroupMemberships).where(eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, user.id));
-    await tx.insert(userGroupMemberships).values({ groupId: group.id, userId: user.id });
-    return previous ?? null;
-  });
-  await recordAdminSubjectEvent(admin, `user/${user.id}`, "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.assignment-updated", {
-    groupId: group.id,
-    groupName: group.name,
-    previousGroupId: previousGroup?.id ?? null,
-    previousGroupName: previousGroup?.name ?? "everyone",
-  });
-  redirect(groupPath(group.id, "saved=member-added"));
 }
 
-export async function removeGroupMember(formData: FormData) {
+export async function setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess(formData: FormData) {
-  const admin = await requireAdminSession();
+  return updateGroupPolicy(formData, "anonymized-networks");
-  const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const userId = String(formData.get("userId") ?? "");
-  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId) || !UUID_PATTERN.test(userId)) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  const [group] = await db.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault })
-    .from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1);
-  if (!group || group.isDefault) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  await db.delete(userGroupMemberships).where(and(
-    eq(userGroupMemberships.groupId, group.id),
-    eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, userId),
-  ));
-  await recordAdminSubjectEvent(admin, `user/${userId}`, "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.assignment-removed", {
-    groupId: group.id,
-    groupName: group.name,
-    fallbackGroup: "everyone",
-  });
-  redirect(groupPath(group.id, "saved=member-removed"));
-}
-
-export async function assignDefaultGroup(formData: FormData) {
-  const admin = await requireAdminSession();
-  const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const userId = String(formData.get("userId") ?? "");
-  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId) || !UUID_PATTERN.test(userId)) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  const [[defaultGroup], [user]] = await Promise.all([
-    db.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault }).from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1),
-    db.select({ id: users.id }).from(users).where(eq(users.id, userId)).limit(1),
-  ]);
-  if (!defaultGroup?.isDefault || !user) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-membership");
-
-  const [previous] = await db
-    .select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name })
-    .from(userGroupMemberships)
-    .innerJoin(groups, eq(groups.id, userGroupMemberships.groupId))
-    .where(eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, user.id))
-    .limit(1);
-  await db.delete(userGroupMemberships).where(eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, user.id));
-  await recordAdminSubjectEvent(admin, `user/${user.id}`, "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.assignment-updated", {
-    groupId: defaultGroup.id,
-    groupName: defaultGroup.name,
-    previousGroupId: previous?.id ?? null,
-    previousGroupName: previous?.name ?? null,
-  });
-  redirect(groupPath(defaultGroup.id, "saved=member-added"));
 }
 
 export async function deleteGroup(formData: FormData) {
@@ -181,40 +180,32 @@ export async function deleteGroup(formData: FormData) {
   const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
   const confirmed = formData.get("confirmDelete") === "yes";
   if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId) || !confirmed) redirect("/admin/groups?error=invalid-delete");
-  const requestHeaders = await headers();
+  const ipAddress = await auditContext();
-  const ipAddress = getClientIp(requestHeaders, process.env.TRUST_PROXY === "true");
 
   const deleted = await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-    const [group] = await tx
+    await tx.execute(sql`select pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('minecraft-account-manager-group-membership'))`);
-      .select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, slug: groups.slug, isDefault: groups.isDefault })
+    await tx.execute(sql`select ${groups.id} from ${groups} where ${groups.id} = ${groupId} for update`);
-      .from(groups)
+    const [group] = await tx.select().from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1);
-      .where(eq(groups.id, groupId))
-      .limit(1);
     if (!group || group.isDefault) return null;
-    const members = await tx
+    const members = await tx.select({ userId: userGroupMemberships.userId })
-      .select({ userId: userGroupMemberships.userId })
+      .from(userGroupMemberships).where(eq(userGroupMemberships.groupId, group.id));
-      .from(userGroupMemberships)
-      .where(eq(userGroupMemberships.groupId, group.id));
     await tx.insert(events).values({
       id: randomUUID(),
       source: "/web/admin",
       type: "games.minecraft.account-manager.group.deleted",
       subject: `group/${group.id}`,
       time: new Date(),
-      data: {
+      data: auditData(admin, {
         name: group.name,
         slug: group.slug,
         affectedUsers: members.length,
         fallbackGroup: "everyone",
-        adminEmail: admin.email,
+      }),
-        adminName: admin.name,
-      },
       ipAddress: ipAddress ?? null,
     });
     await tx.delete(groups).where(eq(groups.id, group.id));
     return group;
   });
   if (!deleted) redirect("/admin/groups?error=protected-group");
-
   redirect("/admin/groups?saved=deleted");
 }

apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/page.tsx

@@ -1,84 +1,102 @@
 import { groups, userGroupMemberships, users } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
-import { asc, desc } from "drizzle-orm";
+import { asc, count, desc } from "drizzle-orm";
 import Link from "next/link";
+import { AdminModalForm } from "@/components/admin-modal-form";
+import { GroupPolicyControl } from "@/components/group-policy-control";
 import { db } from "@/lib/database";
-import { createGroup, setGroupAccess } from "./actions";
+import { effectiveGroupMemberCount } from "@/lib/group-management";
+import { createGroup, setGroupAccess, setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess } from "./actions";
 
 const errors: Record<string, string> = {
-  "invalid-group": "Enter a name and a lowercase slug containing letters, numbers, or hyphens.",
+  "invalid-group": "Enter a group name and an optional description of no more than 500 characters.",
-  "duplicate-group": "That group slug already exists.",
+  "duplicate-group": "A group with that name already exists.",
   "create-failed": "The group could not be created.",
   "unknown-group": "That group no longer exists.",
-  "invalid-membership": "That membership change was invalid.",
   "invalid-delete": "Confirm the group deletion before continuing.",
   "protected-group": "The protected default group cannot be deleted.",
 };
 
+const savedMessages: Record<string, string> = {
+  deleted: "Group deleted. Its former members now use the default group.",
+  access: "Minecraft access policy updated.",
+  "network-access": "VPN, proxy, and Tor policy updated.",
+};
+
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
 
 export default async function GroupsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams: Promise<{ error?: string; saved?: string }> }) {
   const query = await searchParams;
-  const [allGroups, memberships, registeredUsers] = await Promise.all([
+  const [allGroups, memberships, [registeredUsers]] = await Promise.all([
     db.select().from(groups).orderBy(desc(groups.isDefault), asc(groups.name)),
     db.select({ groupId: userGroupMemberships.groupId }).from(userGroupMemberships),
-    db.select({ id: users.id }).from(users),
+    db.select({ count: count() }).from(users),
   ]);
-  const membershipCounts = new Map<string, number>();
-  for (const membership of memberships) {
-    membershipCounts.set(membership.groupId, (membershipCounts.get(membership.groupId) ?? 0) + 1);
-  }
-  const explicitlyAssignedUsers = memberships.length;
-
   return (
     <main className="mx-auto max-w-6xl px-6 py-14">
-      <header className="border-b border-line pb-8">
+      <header className="flex flex-col gap-6 border-b border-line pb-8 sm:flex-row sm:items-end sm:justify-between">
+        <div>
           <p className="font-mono text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-[0.25em] text-accent">Admission policy</p>
           <h1 className="mt-4 font-display text-5xl font-black uppercase">Access groups</h1>
-        <p className="mt-5 max-w-2xl leading-7 text-muted">Each user has one effective group. Users without an explicit assignment fall back to <strong className="text-ink">everyone</strong>; Minecraft admission follows only that group’s access setting.</p>
+          <p className="mt-5 max-w-2xl leading-7 text-muted">One effective group controls Minecraft and VPN access. Every policy change asks for confirmation before it applies.</p>
+        </div>
+        <AdminModalForm
+          action={createGroup}
+          description="Create a named access group. Both policies start denied unless you explicitly enable them below."
+          submitLabel="Create group"
+          title="Add access group"
+          triggerClassName="border border-ink bg-ink px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-canvas"
+          triggerLabel="Add group"
+        >
+          <div className="space-y-5">
+            <label className="block text-sm font-bold">Name<input autoComplete="off" className="mt-2 w-full border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" maxLength={50} name="name" required /></label>
+            <label className="block text-sm font-bold">Description<textarea className="mt-2 min-h-28 w-full resize-y border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" maxLength={500} name="description" /></label>
+            <PolicyCheckbox description="Allow members to connect to Minecraft." label="Minecraft access" name="accessEnabled" />
+            <PolicyCheckbox description="Allow confirmed VPN, proxy, and Tor connections." label="VPN / proxy / Tor exception" name="anonymizedNetworksAllowed" />
+          </div>
+        </AdminModalForm>
       </header>
 
       {query.error && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-accent bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm text-accent" role="alert">{errors[query.error] ?? "The group operation failed."}</p>}
-      {query.saved === "deleted" && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-signal bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm" role="status">Group deleted. Its former members now use the default group.</p>}
+      {query.saved && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-signal bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm" role="status">{savedMessages[query.saved] ?? "Group updated."}</p>}
 
-      <section className="mt-10 grid gap-5 md:grid-cols-2">
+      <div className="mt-9 overflow-x-auto border border-line bg-panel shadow-[8px_8px_0_var(--color-shadow)]">
+        <table className="w-full min-w-[760px] border-collapse text-left">
+          <caption className="sr-only">Access groups and their effective policies</caption>
+          <thead className="border-b border-line font-mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">
+            <tr><th className="p-4" scope="col">Name</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Minecraft access</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">VPN access</th><th className="p-4 text-right" scope="col">Users</th></tr>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody className="divide-y divide-line">
             {allGroups.map((group) => {
-          const memberCount = group.isDefault ? registeredUsers.length - explicitlyAssignedUsers : membershipCounts.get(group.id) ?? 0;
+              const memberCount = effectiveGroupMemberCount(
+                Number(registeredUsers?.count ?? 0),
+                memberships.map((membership) => membership.groupId),
+                group,
+              );
               return (
-            <article className="border border-line bg-panel p-6 shadow-[5px_5px_0_var(--color-shadow)]" key={group.id}>
+                <tr className="transition-colors hover:bg-canvas/60" key={group.id}>
-              <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
+                  <th className="p-4 text-left" scope="row">
-                <div>
+                    <Link className="font-display text-xl font-black uppercase underline decoration-line underline-offset-4 hover:text-accent" href={`/admin/groups/${group.id}`}>{group.name}</Link>
-                  <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+                    {group.isDefault && <span className="ml-3 bg-ink px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[8px] font-bold uppercase text-canvas">Default</span>}
-                    <h2 className="font-display text-2xl font-black uppercase">{group.name}</h2>
+                  </th>
-                    {group.isDefault && <span className="bg-ink px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-canvas">Default</span>}
+                  <td className="p-4"><GroupPolicyControl action={setGroupAccess} enabled={group.accessEnabled} groupId={group.id} groupName={group.name} memberCount={memberCount} policy="Minecraft access" returnLocation="list" /></td>
-                  </div>
+                  <td className="p-4"><GroupPolicyControl action={setGroupAnonymizedNetworkAccess} enabled={group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed} groupId={group.id} groupName={group.name} memberCount={memberCount} policy="VPN / proxy / Tor" returnLocation="list" /></td>
-                  <p className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px] text-muted">{group.slug} · {memberCount} members</p>
+                  <td className="p-4 text-right font-mono text-sm font-bold">{memberCount}</td>
-                </div>
+                </tr>
-                <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2"><span className={`px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase ${group.accessEnabled ? "bg-signal text-ink" : "bg-accent text-canvas"}`}>{group.accessEnabled ? "Access on" : "Access off"}</span><span className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase text-muted">VPN {group.anonymizedNetworksAllowed ? "allowed" : "denied"}</span></div>
-              </div>
-              <p className="mt-4 min-h-12 text-sm leading-6 text-muted">{group.description ?? "No description."}</p>
-              <div className="mt-5 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 border-t border-line pt-4">
-                <Link className="font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase underline underline-offset-4" href={`/admin/groups/${group.id}`}>Manage members</Link>
-                <form action={setGroupAccess}>
-                  <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={group.id} />
-                  <input name="accessEnabled" type="hidden" value={group.accessEnabled ? "no" : "yes"} />
-                  <button className="font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase text-accent underline underline-offset-4" type="submit">Turn access {group.accessEnabled ? "off" : "on"}</button>
-                </form>
-              </div>
-            </article>
               );
             })}
-      </section>
+          </tbody>
-
+        </table>
-      <form action={createGroup} className="mt-12 border border-line bg-panel p-7 shadow-[8px_8px_0_var(--color-shadow)]">
-        <p className="font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-widest text-accent">Create a group</p>
-        <div className="mt-5 grid gap-5 sm:grid-cols-2">
-          <label className="text-sm font-bold">Name<input className="mt-2 w-full border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" maxLength={50} name="name" required /></label>
-          <label className="text-sm font-bold">Slug<input className="mt-2 w-full border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-mono font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" maxLength={50} name="slug" pattern="[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*" placeholder="ops" required /></label>
       </div>
-        <label className="mt-5 block text-sm font-bold">Description<textarea className="mt-2 min-h-24 w-full border border-line bg-canvas px-4 py-3 font-normal outline-none focus:border-accent" maxLength={500} name="description" /></label>
+      <p className="mt-4 text-xs leading-5 text-muted">Users without an explicit assignment count toward <strong className="text-ink">everyone</strong>.</p>
-        <p className="mt-4 text-xs text-muted">New groups start with Minecraft access and VPN/proxy/Tor exceptions disabled.</p>
-        <button className="mt-6 border border-ink bg-ink px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-canvas" type="submit">Create group</button>
-      </form>
     </main>
   );
 }
+
+function PolicyCheckbox({ description, label, name }: { description: string; label: string; name: string }) {
+  return (
+    <label className="flex cursor-pointer items-start justify-between gap-4 border border-line bg-canvas p-4">
+      <span><span className="block font-mono text-xs font-bold uppercase">{label}</span><span className="mt-1 block text-xs leading-5 text-muted">{description}</span></span>
+      <input className="mt-1 size-5 accent-[var(--color-accent)]" name={name} type="checkbox" value="yes" />
+    </label>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/users/actions.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
 import { recordAdminEvent } from "@/lib/audit";
 import { requireAdminSession } from "@/lib/auth/require-admin";
 import { db } from "@/lib/database";
+import { adminGroupReturnPath } from "@/lib/group-management";
 
 const USERNAME_PATTERN = /^[A-Za-z0-9_]{3,16}$/;
 const UUID_PATTERN = /^[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[1-5][0-9a-f]{3}-[89ab][0-9a-f]{3}-[0-9a-f]{12}$/i;
@@ -22,12 +23,6 @@ function userPath(userId: string, query?: string) {
   return `/admin/users/${encodeURIComponent(userId)}${query ? `?${query}` : ""}`;
 }
 
-function userRegistryPath(search: string, result: "saved=group" | "error=invalid-group-assignment") {
-  const query = new URLSearchParams(result);
-  if (search) query.set("q", search);
-  return `/admin/users?${query.toString()}`;
-}
-
 async function targetUser(userId: string) {
   if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(userId)) return null;
   const [user] = await db.select().from(users).where(eq(users.id, userId)).limit(1);
@@ -85,20 +80,26 @@ export async function assignUserGroupFromRegistry(formData: FormData) {
   const admin = await requireAdminSession();
   const userId = String(formData.get("userId") ?? "");
   const groupId = String(formData.get("groupId") ?? "");
-  const search = String(formData.get("search") ?? "").trim().slice(0, 100);
+  const returnTo = formData.get("returnTo");
-  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(userId) || !UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId)) redirect(userRegistryPath(search, "error=invalid-group-assignment"));
+  if (!UUID_PATTERN.test(userId) || !UUID_PATTERN.test(groupId)) redirect(adminGroupReturnPath(returnTo, "error=invalid-group-assignment"));
-
-  const [[user], [targetGroup]] = await Promise.all([
-    db.select({ id: users.id }).from(users).where(eq(users.id, userId)).limit(1),
-    db.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault }).from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1),
-  ]);
-  if (!user || !targetGroup) redirect(userRegistryPath(search, "error=invalid-group-assignment"));
 
   const requestHeaders = await headers();
   const ipAddress = getClientIp(requestHeaders, process.env.TRUST_PROXY === "true");
   try {
     await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
-      await tx.execute(sql`select ${users.id} from ${users} where ${users.id} = ${user.id} for update`);
+      await tx.execute(sql`select pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('minecraft-account-manager-group-membership'))`);
+      await tx.execute(sql`select ${groups.id} from ${groups} where ${groups.id} = ${groupId} for update`);
+      await tx.execute(sql`select ${users.id} from ${users} where ${users.id} = ${userId} for update`);
+      const [[user], [targetGroup]] = await Promise.all([
+        tx.select({ id: users.id }).from(users).where(eq(users.id, userId)).limit(1),
+        tx.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name, isDefault: groups.isDefault }).from(groups).where(eq(groups.id, groupId)).limit(1),
+      ]);
+      if (!user || !targetGroup) throw new Error("User or destination group no longer exists");
+      const [membership] = await tx.select({ groupId: userGroupMemberships.groupId })
+        .from(userGroupMemberships).where(eq(userGroupMemberships.userId, user.id)).limit(1);
+      if (membership && membership.groupId !== targetGroup.id) {
+        await tx.execute(sql`select ${groups.id} from ${groups} where ${groups.id} = ${membership.groupId} for update`);
+      }
       const [previous] = await tx.select({ id: groups.id, name: groups.name })
         .from(userGroupMemberships)
         .innerJoin(groups, eq(groups.id, userGroupMemberships.groupId))
@@ -131,9 +132,9 @@ export async function assignUserGroupFromRegistry(formData: FormData) {
       });
     });
   } catch {
-    redirect(userRegistryPath(search, "error=invalid-group-assignment"));
+    redirect(adminGroupReturnPath(returnTo, "error=invalid-group-assignment"));
   }
-  redirect(userRegistryPath(search, "saved=group"));
+  redirect(adminGroupReturnPath(returnTo, "saved=group"));
 }
 
 export async function updateUserName(formData: FormData) {

apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/users/page.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { groups, minecraftAccounts, userGroupMemberships, users } from "@minecraft-account-manager/database";
 import { and, asc, desc, eq, ilike, isNull, or, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
-import Link from "next/link";
+import { AdminUserTable } from "@/components/admin-user-table";
-import { UserGroupSelect } from "@/components/user-group-select";
 import { db } from "@/lib/database";
 import { assignUserGroupFromRegistry } from "./actions";
 
@@ -66,8 +65,8 @@ export default async function AdminUsersPage({
     db.select({ userId: userGroupMemberships.userId, groupId: userGroupMemberships.groupId })
       .from(userGroupMemberships),
   ]);
-  const defaultGroup = allGroups.find((group) => group.isDefault);
+  const assignmentByUser = Object.fromEntries(memberships.map((membership) => [membership.userId, membership.groupId]));
-  const groupByUser = new Map(memberships.map((membership) => [membership.userId, membership.groupId]));
+  const returnTo = `/admin/users${search ? `?${new URLSearchParams({ q: search }).toString()}` : ""}`;
 
   return (
     <main className="mx-auto max-w-6xl px-6 py-14">
@@ -92,26 +91,8 @@ export default async function AdminUsersPage({
       {query.error && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-accent bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm text-accent" role="alert">{query.error === "invalid-group-assignment" ? "The user or group no longer exists. No group change was applied." : "The requested user could not be found."}</p>}
       {query.saved === "group" && <p className="mt-7 border-l-2 border-signal bg-panel px-5 py-4 text-sm" role="status">User group updated.</p>}
 
-      <div className="mt-8 overflow-x-auto border border-line bg-panel shadow-[8px_8px_0_var(--color-shadow)]">
+      <div className="mt-8">
-        <table className="w-full min-w-[900px] border-collapse text-left">
+        <AdminUserTable action={assignUserGroupFromRegistry} assignmentByUser={assignmentByUser} emptyMessage="No users match that search." groups={allGroups} returnTo={returnTo} users={results} />
-          <caption className="sr-only">Registered portal users</caption>
-          <thead className="border-b border-line font-mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">
-            <tr><th className="p-4" scope="col">User</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Discord</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Primary</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Accounts</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Group</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Status</th></tr>
-          </thead>
-          <tbody className="divide-y divide-line">
-            {results.map((user) => (
-              <tr className="transition-colors hover:bg-canvas/60" key={user.id}>
-                <th className="p-4 text-left" scope="row"><Link className="font-display text-lg font-black underline decoration-line underline-offset-4 hover:text-accent" href={`/admin/users/${user.id}`}>{user.firstName ?? "Name needed"}</Link></th>
-                <td className="p-4"><div className="font-mono text-xs font-bold">{user.discordGlobalName ?? user.discordUsername}</div><div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px] text-muted">@{user.discordUsername}</div><div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[9px] text-muted">{user.discordUserId}</div></td>
-                <td className="p-4 font-mono text-xs">{user.primaryUsername ?? "—"}</td>
-                <td className="p-4 font-mono text-xs">{user.accountCount}</td>
-                <td className="p-4">{defaultGroup ? <UserGroupSelect action={assignUserGroupFromRegistry} effectiveGroupId={groupByUser.get(user.id) ?? defaultGroup.id} groups={allGroups} search={search} userId={user.id} userLabel={user.firstName ?? user.discordUsername} /> : <span className="text-xs text-accent">Default group missing</span>}</td>
-                <td className="p-4"><span className={`border px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[9px] uppercase tracking-wider ${user.onboardingCompletedAt ? "border-line text-muted" : "border-accent text-accent"}`}>{user.onboardingCompletedAt ? "Ready" : "Onboarding"}</span></td>
-              </tr>
-            ))}
-            {!results.length && <tr><td className="p-8 text-muted" colSpan={6}>No users match that search.</td></tr>}
-          </tbody>
-        </table>
       </div>
       <p className="mt-4 font-mono text-[9px] uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">Showing up to 100 users</p>
     </main>

apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// @vitest-environment jsdom
+
+import { fireEvent, render, screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { renderToStaticMarkup } from "react-dom/server";
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { AdminModalForm } from "./admin-modal-form";
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  HTMLDialogElement.prototype.showModal = function showModal() { this.open = true; };
+  HTMLDialogElement.prototype.close = function close() {
+    this.open = false;
+    this.dispatchEvent(new Event("close"));
+  };
+});
+
+describe("AdminModalForm", () => {
+  it("renders an accessible trigger, labelled dialog, cancellation, and pending-capable submit control", () => {
+    const markup = renderToStaticMarkup(
+      <AdminModalForm
+        action={async () => undefined}
+        description="Review this policy change before applying it."
+        submitLabel="Apply policy"
+        title="Change access policy"
+        triggerLabel="Change"
+      >
+        <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value="group-one" />
+      </AdminModalForm>,
+    );
+    expect(markup).toContain("Change access policy");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Review this policy change before applying it.");
+    expect(markup).toContain("<dialog");
+    expect(markup).toContain("aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Cancel");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Apply policy");
+  });
+
+  it("opens, cancels, and prevents dismissal while the action is pending", async () => {
+    let finishAction!: () => void;
+    const action = vi.fn(() => new Promise<void>((resolve) => { finishAction = resolve; }));
+    render(<AdminModalForm action={action} description="Confirm it." submitLabel="Apply policy" title="Change access policy" triggerLabel="Change" />);
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Change" }));
+    const dialog = screen.getByRole("dialog") as HTMLDialogElement;
+    expect(dialog.open).toBe(true);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Apply policy" }));
+    await waitFor(() => expect(action).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+    expect((screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Change" }) as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(true);
+
+    const cancelEvent = new Event("cancel", { bubbles: false, cancelable: true });
+    dialog.dispatchEvent(cancelEvent);
+    expect(cancelEvent.defaultPrevented).toBe(true);
+    expect(dialog.open).toBe(true);
+
+    finishAction();
+    await waitFor(() => expect((screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Change" }) as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(false));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Cancel" }));
+    expect(dialog.open).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+"use client";
+
+import type { ReactNode, RefObject } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useId, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useFormStatus } from "react-dom";
+
+export function AdminModalForm({
+  action,
+  children,
+  description,
+  intent = "default",
+  submitLabel,
+  title,
+  triggerClassName,
+  triggerLabel,
+  triggerPressed,
+}: {
+  action: (formData: FormData) => Promise<void>;
+  children?: ReactNode;
+  description: string;
+  intent?: "default" | "danger";
+  submitLabel: string;
+  title: string;
+  triggerClassName?: string;
+  triggerLabel: string;
+  triggerPressed?: boolean;
+}) {
+  const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDialogElement>(null);
+  const titleId = useId();
+  const descriptionId = useId();
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+  return (
+    <>
+      <button
+        aria-haspopup="dialog"
+        aria-pressed={triggerPressed}
+        className={triggerClassName ?? "font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase underline underline-offset-4"}
+        disabled={submitting}
+        onClick={() => dialogRef.current?.showModal()}
+        type="button"
+      >
+        {triggerLabel}
+      </button>
+      <dialog
+        aria-describedby={descriptionId}
+        aria-labelledby={titleId}
+        className="admin-modal m-auto w-[min(92vw,36rem)] border border-ink bg-panel p-0 text-ink shadow-[10px_10px_0_var(--color-shadow)] backdrop:bg-ink/70"
+        onCancel={(event) => { if (submitting) event.preventDefault(); }}
+        ref={dialogRef}
+      >
+        <form action={action} className="p-6 sm:p-8" onSubmit={() => setSubmitting(true)}>
+          <p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-[0.2em] text-accent">Confirm operation</p>
+          <h2 className="mt-3 font-display text-3xl font-black uppercase" id={titleId}>{title}</h2>
+          <p className="mt-3 text-sm leading-6 text-muted" id={descriptionId}>{description}</p>
+          {children && <div className="mt-6">{children}</div>}
+          <ModalActions dialogRef={dialogRef} intent={intent} onPendingChange={setSubmitting} submitLabel={submitLabel} />
+        </form>
+      </dialog>
+    </>
+  );
+}
+
+function ModalActions({
+  dialogRef,
+  intent,
+  onPendingChange,
+  submitLabel,
+}: {
+  dialogRef: RefObject<HTMLDialogElement | null>;
+  intent: "default" | "danger";
+  onPendingChange: (pending: boolean) => void;
+  submitLabel: string;
+}) {
+  const { pending } = useFormStatus();
+  const observedPending = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (pending) {
+      observedPending.current = true;
+      onPendingChange(true);
+    } else if (observedPending.current) {
+      observedPending.current = false;
+      onPendingChange(false);
+    }
+  }, [onPendingChange, pending]);
+  return (
+    <div className="mt-8 flex flex-wrap justify-end gap-3 border-t border-line pt-5">
+      <button
+        className="border border-line px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider disabled:opacity-50"
+        disabled={pending}
+        onClick={() => dialogRef.current?.close()}
+        type="button"
+      >
+        Cancel
+      </button>
+      <button
+        className={`px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-canvas disabled:cursor-wait disabled:opacity-60 ${intent === "danger" ? "bg-accent" : "bg-ink"}`}
+        disabled={pending}
+        type="submit"
+      >
+        {pending ? "Applying…" : submitLabel}
+      </button>
+      <span aria-live="polite" className="sr-only">{pending ? "Operation in progress." : ""}</span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/components/admin-user-table.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { renderToStaticMarkup } from "react-dom/server";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { AdminUserTable } from "./admin-user-table";
+
+describe("AdminUserTable", () => {
+  it("renders reusable identity and confirmed group controls", () => {
+    const markup = renderToStaticMarkup(<AdminUserTable
+      action={async () => undefined}
+      assignmentByUser={{ user1: "ops" }}
+      emptyMessage="No members."
+      groups={[{ id: "everyone", name: "everyone", isDefault: true }, { id: "ops", name: "Ops", isDefault: false }]}
+      returnTo="/admin/groups/11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111"
+      users={[{
+        id: "user1",
+        firstName: "Alex",
+        discordUsername: "alex",
+        discordGlobalName: "Alex Global",
+        discordUserId: "123",
+        onboardingCompletedAt: new Date("2026-08-01T00:00:00Z"),
+        primaryUsername: "AlexMC",
+        accountCount: 2,
+      }]}
+    />);
+    expect(markup).toContain("Alex Global");
+    expect(markup).toContain("AlexMC");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Accounts");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Group for Alex");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Confirm move");
+  });
+});

apps/web/src/components/admin-user-table.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import Link from "next/link";
+import { UserGroupSelect } from "./user-group-select";
+
+export interface AdminUserRow {
+  id: string;
+  firstName: string | null;
+  discordUsername: string;
+  discordGlobalName: string | null;
+  discordUserId: string;
+  onboardingCompletedAt: Date | null;
+  primaryUsername: string | null;
+  accountCount: number;
+}
+
+export function AdminUserTable({
+  action,
+  assignmentByUser,
+  emptyMessage,
+  groups,
+  returnTo,
+  users,
+}: {
+  action: (formData: FormData) => Promise<void>;
+  assignmentByUser: Record<string, string>;
+  emptyMessage: string;
+  groups: Array<{ id: string; name: string; isDefault: boolean }>;
+  returnTo: string;
+  users: AdminUserRow[];
+}) {
+  const defaultGroup = groups.find((group) => group.isDefault);
+  return (
+    <div className="overflow-x-auto border border-line bg-panel shadow-[8px_8px_0_var(--color-shadow)]">
+      <table className="w-full min-w-[900px] border-collapse text-left">
+        <caption className="sr-only">Registered portal users and effective groups</caption>
+        <thead className="border-b border-line font-mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-widest text-muted">
+          <tr><th className="p-4" scope="col">User</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Discord</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Primary</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Accounts</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Group</th><th className="p-4" scope="col">Status</th></tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody className="divide-y divide-line">
+          {users.map((user) => (
+            <tr className="transition-colors hover:bg-canvas/60" key={user.id}>
+              <th className="p-4 text-left" scope="row"><Link className="font-display text-lg font-black underline decoration-line underline-offset-4 hover:text-accent" href={`/admin/users/${user.id}`}>{user.firstName ?? "Name needed"}</Link></th>
+              <td className="p-4"><div className="font-mono text-xs font-bold">{user.discordGlobalName ?? user.discordUsername}</div><div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px] text-muted">@{user.discordUsername}</div><div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[9px] text-muted">{user.discordUserId}</div></td>
+              <td className="p-4 font-mono text-xs">{user.primaryUsername ?? "—"}</td>
+              <td className="p-4 font-mono text-xs">{user.accountCount}</td>
+              <td className="p-4">{defaultGroup ? <UserGroupSelect action={action} effectiveGroupId={assignmentByUser[user.id] ?? defaultGroup.id} groups={groups} returnTo={returnTo} userId={user.id} userLabel={user.firstName ?? user.discordUsername} /> : <span className="text-xs text-accent">Default group missing</span>}</td>
+              <td className="p-4"><span className={`border px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[9px] uppercase tracking-wider ${user.onboardingCompletedAt ? "border-line text-muted" : "border-accent text-accent"}`}>{user.onboardingCompletedAt ? "Ready" : "Onboarding"}</span></td>
+            </tr>
+          ))}
+          {!users.length && <tr><td className="p-8 text-muted" colSpan={6}>{emptyMessage}</td></tr>}
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/components/group-policy-control.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { AdminModalForm } from "./admin-modal-form";
+
+export function GroupPolicyControl({
+  action,
+  enabled,
+  groupId,
+  groupName,
+  memberCount,
+  policy,
+  returnLocation,
+}: {
+  action: (formData: FormData) => Promise<void>;
+  enabled: boolean;
+  groupId: string;
+  groupName: string;
+  memberCount: number;
+  policy: string;
+  returnLocation: "list" | "detail";
+}) {
+  const nextState = enabled ? "deny" : "allow";
+  return (
+    <AdminModalForm
+      action={action}
+      description={`${nextState === "allow" ? "Allow" : "Deny"} ${policy.toLowerCase()} for ${memberCount} effective ${memberCount === 1 ? "member" : "members"} of ${groupName}.`}
+      submitLabel={`${nextState === "allow" ? "Allow" : "Deny"} access`}
+      title={`${nextState === "allow" ? "Allow" : "Deny"} ${policy}?`}
+      triggerClassName={`min-w-24 border px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-wider ${enabled ? "border-signal bg-signal text-ink" : "border-accent bg-transparent text-accent"}`}
+      triggerLabel={enabled ? "Allowed" : "Denied"}
+      triggerPressed={enabled}
+    >
+      <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={groupId} />
+      <input name="enabled" type="hidden" value={enabled ? "no" : "yes"} />
+      <input name="returnLocation" type="hidden" value={returnLocation} />
+    </AdminModalForm>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/components/user-group-select.test.tsx

@@ -1,21 +1,53 @@
+// @vitest-environment jsdom
+
+import { fireEvent, render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
 import { renderToStaticMarkup } from "react-dom/server";
-import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { UserGroupSelect } from "./user-group-select";
 
+const groups = [{ id: "group-everyone", name: "everyone" }, { id: "group-ops", name: "Ops" }];
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  HTMLDialogElement.prototype.showModal = function showModal() { this.open = true; };
+  HTMLDialogElement.prototype.close = function close() {
+    this.open = false;
+    this.dispatchEvent(new Event("close"));
+  };
+});
+
 describe("UserGroupSelect", () => {
-  it("renders the effective group and preserves the active search", () => {
+  it("renders the effective group and preserves the return path", () => {
     const markup = renderToStaticMarkup(<UserGroupSelect
       action={async () => undefined}
       effectiveGroupId="group-ops"
-      groups={[{ id: "group-everyone", name: "everyone" }, { id: "group-ops", name: "Ops" }]}
+      groups={groups}
-      search="alex smith"
+      returnTo="/admin/users?q=alex%20smith"
       userId="user-one"
       userLabel="Alex"
     />);
 
     expect(markup).toContain('aria-label="Group for Alex"');
     expect(markup).toContain('<option value="group-ops" selected="">Ops</option>');
-    expect(markup).toContain('<input type="hidden" name="search" value="alex smith"/>');
+    expect(markup).toContain('<input type="hidden" name="returnTo" value="/admin/users?q=alex%20smith"/>');
-    expect(markup).toContain("Apply group");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Changing this selection opens a confirmation dialog.");
+    expect(markup).toContain("Confirm move");
+  });
+
+  it("requires confirmation and restores the effective group when cancelled", () => {
+    render(<UserGroupSelect action={async () => undefined} effectiveGroupId="group-ops" groups={groups} returnTo="/admin/users" userId="user-one" userLabel="Alex" />);
+    const select = screen.getByRole("combobox", { name: "Group for Alex" }) as HTMLSelectElement;
+
+    fireEvent.change(select, { target: { value: "group-everyone" } });
+    const dialog = screen.getByRole("dialog") as HTMLDialogElement;
+    expect(dialog.open).toBe(true);
+    expect(select.value).toBe("group-everyone");
+    expect(select.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(screen.getByText(/from/).textContent).toContain("Ops");
+    expect(screen.getByText(/from/).textContent).toContain("everyone");
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Cancel" }));
+    expect(dialog.open).toBe(false);
+    expect(select.value).toBe("group-ops");
+    expect(select.disabled).toBe(false);
   });
 });

apps/web/src/components/user-group-select.tsx

@@ -1,60 +1,99 @@
 "use client";
 
+import type { RefObject } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useId, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { useFormStatus } from "react-dom";
 
 export function UserGroupSelect({
   action,
   effectiveGroupId,
   groups,
-  search,
+  returnTo,
   userId,
   userLabel,
 }: {
   action: (formData: FormData) => Promise<void>;
   effectiveGroupId: string;
   groups: Array<{ id: string; name: string }>;
-  search: string;
+  returnTo: string;
   userId: string;
   userLabel: string;
 }) {
-  const helpId = `group-help-${userId}`;
+  const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDialogElement>(null);
-  return (
+  const titleId = useId();
-    <form action={action} className="flex items-center gap-2">
+  const descriptionId = useId();
-      <input name="userId" type="hidden" value={userId} />
+  const helpId = useId();
-      <input name="search" type="hidden" value={search} />
+  const [selectedGroupId, setSelectedGroupId] = useState(effectiveGroupId);
-      <span className="sr-only" id={helpId}>Changing this selection applies the group immediately.</span>
+  const [proposedGroupId, setProposedGroupId] = useState<string | null>(null);
-      <GroupSelectControl effectiveGroupId={effectiveGroupId} groups={groups} helpId={helpId} userLabel={userLabel} />
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
-    </form>
+  const currentGroup = groups.find((group) => group.id === effectiveGroupId);
-  );
+  const proposedGroup = groups.find((group) => group.id === proposedGroupId);
-}
+
+  function resetSelection() {
+    setSelectedGroupId(effectiveGroupId);
+    setProposedGroupId(null);
+  }
 
-function GroupSelectControl({
-  effectiveGroupId,
-  groups,
-  helpId,
-  userLabel,
-}: {
-  effectiveGroupId: string;
-  groups: Array<{ id: string; name: string }>;
-  helpId: string;
-  userLabel: string;
-}) {
-  const { pending } = useFormStatus();
   return (
     <>
+      <span className="sr-only" id={helpId}>Changing this selection opens a confirmation dialog.</span>
       <select
         aria-describedby={helpId}
         aria-label={`Group for ${userLabel}`}
         className="max-w-44 border border-line bg-canvas px-3 py-2 font-mono text-xs outline-none focus:border-accent disabled:cursor-wait disabled:opacity-60"
-        defaultValue={effectiveGroupId}
+        disabled={proposedGroupId !== null || submitting}
-        disabled={pending}
+        onChange={(event) => {
-        name="groupId"
+          const nextGroupId = event.currentTarget.value;
-        onChange={(event) => event.currentTarget.form?.requestSubmit()}
+          if (nextGroupId === effectiveGroupId) return;
+          setSelectedGroupId(nextGroupId);
+          setProposedGroupId(nextGroupId);
+          dialogRef.current?.showModal();
+        }}
+        value={selectedGroupId}
       >
         {groups.map((group) => <option key={group.id} value={group.id}>{group.name}</option>)}
       </select>
-      <span aria-live="polite" className="sr-only">{pending ? "Updating group." : ""}</span>
+      <dialog
-      <button className="sr-only focus:not-sr-only" disabled={pending} type="submit">Apply group</button>
+        aria-describedby={descriptionId}
+        aria-labelledby={titleId}
+        className="admin-modal m-auto w-[min(92vw,34rem)] border border-ink bg-panel p-0 text-ink shadow-[10px_10px_0_var(--color-shadow)] backdrop:bg-ink/70"
+        onCancel={(event) => { if (submitting) event.preventDefault(); }}
+        onClose={() => { if (!submitting) resetSelection(); }}
+        ref={dialogRef}
+      >
+        <form action={action} className="p-6 sm:p-8" onSubmit={() => setSubmitting(true)}>
+          <input name="userId" type="hidden" value={userId} />
+          <input name="groupId" type="hidden" value={proposedGroupId ?? effectiveGroupId} />
+          <input name="returnTo" type="hidden" value={returnTo} />
+          <p className="font-mono text-[9px] font-bold uppercase tracking-[0.2em] text-accent">Confirm membership</p>
+          <h2 className="mt-3 font-display text-3xl font-black uppercase" id={titleId}>Move {userLabel}?</h2>
+          <p className="mt-3 text-sm leading-6 text-muted" id={descriptionId}>
+            Change the effective group from <strong className="text-ink">{currentGroup?.name ?? "unknown"}</strong> to <strong className="text-ink">{proposedGroup?.name ?? "unknown"}</strong>. Their access policy changes immediately.
+          </p>
+          <AssignmentActions dialogRef={dialogRef} onPendingChange={setSubmitting} />
+        </form>
+      </dialog>
     </>
   );
 }
+
+function AssignmentActions({ dialogRef, onPendingChange }: { dialogRef: RefObject<HTMLDialogElement | null>; onPendingChange: (pending: boolean) => void }) {
+  const { pending } = useFormStatus();
+  const observedPending = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (pending) {
+      observedPending.current = true;
+      onPendingChange(true);
+    } else if (observedPending.current) {
+      observedPending.current = false;
+      onPendingChange(false);
+    }
+  }, [onPendingChange, pending]);
+  return (
+    <div className="mt-8 flex justify-end gap-3 border-t border-line pt-5">
+      <button className="border border-line px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase" disabled={pending} onClick={() => dialogRef.current?.close()} type="button">Cancel</button>
+      <button className="bg-ink px-5 py-3 font-mono text-[10px] font-bold uppercase text-canvas disabled:cursor-wait disabled:opacity-60" disabled={pending} type="submit">{pending ? "Moving…" : "Confirm move"}</button>
+      <span aria-live="polite" className="sr-only">{pending ? "Group change in progress." : ""}</span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/lib/group-management.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { adminGroupReturnPath, editableGroupName, effectiveGroupMemberCount, isEffectiveGroupMember, groupSlug, validateGroupDetails } from "./group-management";
+
+describe("group management", () => {
+  it("generates a collision-safe internal slug from the display name", () => {
+    expect(groupSlug("  Trusted Öps Team!  ", new Set(["trusted-ops-team", "trusted-ops-team-2"])))
+      .toBe("trusted-ops-team-3");
+    expect(groupSlug("🔥", new Set())).toBe("group");
+  });
+
+  it("allows only local Users and group-detail return paths", () => {
+    expect(adminGroupReturnPath("/admin/users?q=alex", "saved=group")).toBe("/admin/users?q=alex&saved=group");
+    expect(adminGroupReturnPath("/admin/groups/11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111", "saved=group"))
+      .toBe("/admin/groups/11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111?saved=group");
+    expect(adminGroupReturnPath("https://evil.example/admin/users", "saved=group")).toBe("/admin/users?saved=group");
+    expect(adminGroupReturnPath("/admin/settings", "error=invalid-group-assignment")).toBe("/admin/users?error=invalid-group-assignment");
+  });
+
+  it("counts and filters explicit and default effective memberships", () => {
+    const assignments = { one: "ops", two: "builders" };
+    expect(effectiveGroupMemberCount(4, Object.values(assignments), { id: "everyone", isDefault: true })).toBe(2);
+    expect(effectiveGroupMemberCount(4, Object.values(assignments), { id: "ops", isDefault: false })).toBe(1);
+    expect(isEffectiveGroupMember("three", assignments, { id: "everyone", isDefault: true })).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEffectiveGroupMember("one", assignments, { id: "ops", isDefault: false })).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEffectiveGroupMember("two", assignments, { id: "ops", isDefault: false })).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the protected default group name fixed", () => {
+    expect(editableGroupName("everyone", true, "Renamed")).toBe("everyone");
+    expect(editableGroupName("Ops", false, "Trusted hosts")).toBe("Trusted hosts");
+  });
+
+  it("validates and normalizes editable group details", () => {
+    expect(validateGroupDetails("  Trusted hosts  ", "  Can use managed VPNs.  ")).toEqual({
+      name: "Trusted hosts",
+      description: "Can use managed VPNs.",
+    });
+    expect(validateGroupDetails("", "description")).toBeNull();
+    expect(validateGroupDetails("bad\nname", "description")).toBeNull();
+    expect(validateGroupDetails("Valid", "x".repeat(501))).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

apps/web/src/lib/group-management.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+const NAME_CONTROL_CHARACTERS = /[\u0000-\u001f\u007f]/;
+const TEXT_CONTROL_CHARACTERS = /[\u0000-\u0008\u000b\u000c\u000e-\u001f\u007f]/;
+
+export function validateGroupDetails(nameValue: unknown, descriptionValue: unknown) {
+  const name = String(nameValue ?? "").trim();
+  const description = String(descriptionValue ?? "").trim();
+  if (
+    name.length < 1 ||
+    name.length > 50 ||
+    NAME_CONTROL_CHARACTERS.test(name) ||
+    description.length > 500 ||
+    TEXT_CONTROL_CHARACTERS.test(description)
+  ) return null;
+  return { name, description };
+}
+
+export function adminGroupReturnPath(
+  value: unknown,
+  result: "saved=group" | "error=invalid-group-assignment",
+) {
+  const requested = String(value ?? "");
+  let pathname = "/admin/users";
+  const parameters = new URLSearchParams();
+  if (requested.startsWith("/")) {
+    const url = new URL(requested, "http://internal");
+    if (url.pathname === "/admin/users") {
+      const search = url.searchParams.get("q")?.trim().slice(0, 100);
+      if (search) parameters.set("q", search);
+    } else if (/^\/admin\/groups\/[0-9a-f-]{36}$/i.test(url.pathname)) {
+      pathname = url.pathname;
+    }
+  }
+  const [key, resultValue] = result.split("=", 2) as ["saved" | "error", string];
+  parameters.set(key, resultValue);
+  return `${pathname}?${parameters.toString()}`;
+}
+
+export function editableGroupName(currentName: string, isDefault: boolean, requestedName: string) {
+  return isDefault ? currentName : requestedName;
+}
+
+export function effectiveGroupMemberCount(
+  totalUsers: number,
+  assignedGroupIds: string[],
+  group: { id: string; isDefault: boolean },
+) {
+  return group.isDefault
+    ? Math.max(0, totalUsers - assignedGroupIds.length)
+    : assignedGroupIds.filter((groupId) => groupId === group.id).length;
+}
+
+export function isEffectiveGroupMember(
+  userId: string,
+  assignmentByUser: Record<string, string>,
+  group: { id: string; isDefault: boolean },
+) {
+  return group.isDefault ? !assignmentByUser[userId] : assignmentByUser[userId] === group.id;
+}
+
+export function groupSlug(name: string, existingSlugs: Set<string>) {
+  const normalized = name
+    .normalize("NFKD")
+    .replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, "")
+    .toLowerCase()
+    .replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, "-")
+    .replace(/^-+|-+$/g, "") || "group";
+  const base = normalized.slice(0, 50).replace(/-+$/g, "") || "group";
+  if (!existingSlugs.has(base)) return base;
+  for (let suffix = 2; suffix < 10_000; suffix += 1) {
+    const suffixText = `-${suffix}`;
+    const candidate = `${base.slice(0, 50 - suffixText.length).replace(/-+$/g, "")}${suffixText}`;
+    if (!existingSlugs.has(candidate)) return candidate;
+  }
+  throw new Error("Could not generate a unique group slug");
+}

design/index.md

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ This OKF bundle is the product record for implemented and proposed behavior. Sto
 * [US-016 — Build and publish versioned releases](us-016-automated-releases.md) - Gitea Actions publish the Velocity JAR and web and migration images.
 * [US-017 — Control admission with groups](us-017-group-access.md) - Each user has one effective group that explicitly controls Minecraft access.
 * [US-018 — Monitor community account activity](us-018-admin-dashboard.md) - Administrators review daily users, confirmed connections, locations, denials, and risky networks.
+* [US-019 — Manage groups efficiently](us-019-admin-group-management.md) - Administrators manage group identity, policies, membership, and creation through focused confirmed workflows.
 
 # Tracking
 

design/log.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 ## 2026-08-02
 
+* **Refine**: Replace admin group cards with a policy table, confirmed modal workflows, editable group details, and reusable effective-member management.
 * **Add**: Provide Users-page group assignment, effective-group VPN/proxy/Tor exceptions for game admission, and independent configurable denial messages.
 * **Fix**: Treat malformed ProxyCheck proxy signals as unknown and classify every authenticated Velocity login before identity resolution.
 * **Fix**: Replace the dashboard's pre-enrichment network label with enriched company, ASN, connection type, Proxy/VPN status, and risk fields.

design/us-013-admin-user-management.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ type: User Story
 title: Manage users as an administrator
 description: Authorized operators search users and maintain their names, linked accounts, primaries, and Discord nicknames.
 tags: [admin, users, minecraft, discord]
-timestamp: 2026-08-02T14:12:43Z
+timestamp: 2026-08-02T15:03:59Z
 story_id: US-013
 status: verified
 ---
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ As an administrator, I want to manage a user's identity and Minecraft accounts,
 - [x] Selecting a group immediately applies the assignment; selecting `everyone` removes the explicit assignment.
 - [x] Group changes preserve the active user search and show accessible success or error feedback.
 - [x] Registry assignment changes revalidate administrator authorization, user existence, and group existence, and audit the previous and new effective groups.
+- [x] User rows and group-assignment controls are reusable between the Users registry and group-member details.
+- [x] Group details show only the group's effective members with identity, Discord, primary-account, account-count, status, and group columns.
+- [x] Changing a user's group requires modal confirmation and choosing `everyone` removes the explicit assignment.
+- [x] Moving a member to another group removes that user from the current effective-member list after confirmation.
 
 # Implementation
 
@@ -35,6 +39,7 @@ As an administrator, I want to manage a user's identity and Minecraft accounts,
 - [`apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/users/[userId]/page.tsx`](../apps/web/src/app/admin/%28console%29/users/%5BuserId%5D/page.tsx)
 - [`apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/users/actions.ts`](../apps/web/src/app/admin/%28console%29/users/actions.ts)
 - [`apps/web/src/components/user-group-select.tsx`](../apps/web/src/components/user-group-select.tsx)
+- [`apps/web/src/components/admin-user-table.tsx`](../apps/web/src/components/admin-user-table.tsx)
 
 # Validation
 

design/us-017-group-access.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ type: User Story
 title: Control Minecraft admission with groups
 description: Administrators assign users to groups and enable Minecraft access through explicit group policy.
 tags: [admin, groups, authorization, velocity, security]
-timestamp: 2026-08-02T14:12:43Z
+timestamp: 2026-08-02T15:03:59Z
 story_id: US-017
 status: verified
 ---
@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ As an administrator, I want to organize registered users into access groups, so
 - [x] Confirmed VPN, proxy, or Tor game connections are denied unless the user's single effective group allows anonymized networks.
 - [x] Clear and hosting classifications are not denied by this group policy, and unavailable intelligence does not independently deny a registered player.
 - [x] VPN policy changes are authorized server-side and audited.
+- [x] Group creation can explicitly initialize Minecraft and VPN/proxy/Tor policies while retaining deny-by-default controls.
+- [x] List and detail policy changes use the same confirmation workflow.
+- [x] Effective member counts include unassigned users who fall back to `everyone`.
+- [x] Group names and descriptions are validated and editable server-side.
 
 # Implementation
 

design/us-019-admin-group-management.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+type: User Story
+title: Manage groups efficiently
+description: Administrators use concise policy tables, focused group details, and confirmed modal workflows to manage access groups.
+tags: [admin, groups, usability, authorization]
+timestamp: 2026-08-02T15:03:59Z
+story_id: US-019
+status: verified
+---
+
+# User Story
+
+As an administrator, I want a concise group policy table and focused group details, so that I can manage access without navigating cumbersome controls.
+
+# Acceptance Criteria
+
+- [x] The main Groups page lists name, Minecraft access, VPN/proxy/Tor access, and effective member count with the default group first and remaining names ordered alphabetically.
+- [x] Policy controls show their current state and require confirmation in an accessible modal before mutation.
+- [x] Selecting a group name opens a detail page with its description, policies, and effective members.
+- [x] Add group opens an accessible modal asking for name, description, Minecraft access, and VPN/proxy/Tor access.
+- [x] New-group policies default to denied and can be enabled before creation.
+- [x] Administrators manage only the display name; an internal collision-safe slug is generated automatically.
+- [x] Administrators can edit group name and description; the protected `everyone` name remains fixed while its description remains editable.
+- [x] Non-default groups can be deleted only after modal confirmation, returning all affected users to `everyone`.
+- [x] Group identity, policy, creation, and deletion mutations commit atomically with their audit events.
+- [x] Modal controls support keyboard operation, focus management, cancellation, and clear pending state.
+
+# Implementation
+
+- [`apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/page.tsx`](../apps/web/src/app/admin/%28console%29/groups/page.tsx)
+- [`apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/[groupId]/page.tsx`](../apps/web/src/app/admin/%28console%29/groups/%5BgroupId%5D/page.tsx)
+- [`apps/web/src/app/admin/(console)/groups/actions.ts`](../apps/web/src/app/admin/%28console%29/groups/actions.ts)
+- [`apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.tsx`](../apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.tsx)
+- [`apps/web/src/components/group-policy-control.tsx`](../apps/web/src/components/group-policy-control.tsx)
+- [`apps/web/src/lib/group-management.ts`](../apps/web/src/lib/group-management.ts)
+
+# Validation
+
+Native-dialog interaction and pending-state behavior are covered by [`apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.test.tsx`](../apps/web/src/components/admin-modal-form.test.tsx). Slug, return-path, protected-name, and effective-membership behavior are covered by [`apps/web/src/lib/group-management.test.ts`](../apps/web/src/lib/group-management.test.ts). TypeScript, lint, accessibility review, Semgrep, production build, and OKF validation pass.
+
+# Related Stories
+
+- [Manage users as an administrator](us-013-admin-user-management.md)
+- [Control Minecraft admission with groups](us-017-group-access.md)
+- [Preserve an audit trail](us-010-audit-events.md)

docs/accessibility.md

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ Player account management, administrator navigation, dashboard metrics and chart
 - Darkened the accent color so accent text reaches at least 4.5:1 contrast on both canvas and panel backgrounds.
 - Preserved reduced-motion behavior and disabled decorative cursor animation when requested.
 - Added labels or accessible names to search, Minecraft username, settings, group, and event-filter controls.
-- Added per-user group dropdowns with immediate-change instructions, keyboard submission fallback, and live success or error feedback.
+- Added reusable per-user group dropdowns that open labelled confirmation dialogs, restore the prior selection on cancellation, prevent dismissal while pending, and provide live progress and result feedback.
+- Group creation, policy, editing, and deletion use native modal dialogs with keyboard cancellation, focus management, descriptive confirmation text, and disabled pending controls.
 - Added `fieldset` and `legend` semantics to multi-select event-type filters.
 - Added table captions, column scopes, and row scopes to administrator data tables.
 - Added `role=status` with polite announcements for successful nickname changes and `role=alert` with assertive announcements for errors.

docs/security-review.md

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Next.js portal and APIs, Discord bot, PostgreSQL persistence, Keycloak admin aut
 - Velocity and its API fail closed.
 - Registered players require an enabled effective group; explicit assignments replace rather than combine with the protected, disabled-by-default `everyone` fallback.
 - Confirmed VPN, proxy, and Tor game connections are denied unless that same effective group has an explicit exception; `everyone` and new groups default to no exception.
-- Group, VPN-policy, and membership mutations re-check the Keycloak administrator role server-side; registry assignments, VPN-policy changes, message settings, and destructive group deletion commit atomically with their audit events.
+- Group, VPN-policy, identity, and membership mutations re-check the Keycloak administrator role server-side; registry assignments, policy changes, group edits, creation, deletion, and message settings commit atomically with their audit events.
+- Group identity creation/rename and membership assignment/deletion use compatible PostgreSQL advisory and row locks to prevent duplicate names, stale audit records, or membership/deletion races. The protected default name and deletion restriction are enforced server-side.
 - Every bearer-authenticated Velocity login uses cached IP intelligence before identity resolution, preventing account-creation races from bypassing network policy; malformed provider proxy signals classify as unknown.
 - Event filters accept only event types already present in the ledger, and event detail routes remain role-protected.
 - The administrator-only map defaults to bundled Natural Earth boundaries. OpenStreetMap tile requests begin only after an explicit operator opt-in; marker coordinates are not transmitted as data, but the requested tiles disclose the viewed geographic extent along with the administrator's IP and portal origin.

package-lock.json

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4.2.1",
+        "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2",
         "@types/d3-geo": "^3.1.1",
         "@types/leaflet": "^1.9.22",
         "@types/node": "^25.0.3",
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@
         "@types/topojson-client": "^3.1.5",
         "eslint": "^9.39.4",
         "eslint-config-next": "^16.2.1",
+        "jsdom": "^30.0.1",
         "tailwindcss": "^4.2.1",
         "typescript": "^5.9.3",
         "vitest": "^4.1.0"
@@ -80,6 +82,59 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/css-color": {
+      "version": "6.0.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/css-color/-/css-color-6.0.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-mbhpPMmnw/kwW19aRNmSUl1QzLbdGo1SCuE49BT98MNwqF6zaHb3o2owssFc/PEO/4t2UjqtCNwocuDtJornzA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@csstools/css-calc": "^3.2.1",
+        "@csstools/css-color-parser": "^4.1.9",
+        "@csstools/css-parser-algorithms": "^4.0.0",
+        "@csstools/css-tokenizer": "^4.0.0",
+        "lru-cache": "^11.5.2"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "^22.13.0 || >=24.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/css-color/node_modules/lru-cache": {
+      "version": "11.5.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache/-/lru-cache-11.5.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4pfM1Ff0x50o0tQwb5ucw/RzNyD0/YJME6IVcStalZuMWxdt3sR3huStTtxz4PUmvZfRguvDejasvQ2kifR11g==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "20 || >=22"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/dom-selector": {
+      "version": "8.3.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/dom-selector/-/dom-selector-8.3.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-93Z1N+BQNXysodoicpOIyNh2drHfz/CTf9nnT0FEx72GJcIiwgydD7tGAr78j41LsYn3hlRn+LdGPuBLn1Bl8Q==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "bidi-js": "^1.0.3",
+        "css-tree": "^3.2.1",
+        "is-potential-custom-element-name": "^1.0.1",
+        "lru-cache": "^11.5.2"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "^22.13.0 || >=24.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/dom-selector/node_modules/lru-cache": {
+      "version": "11.5.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache/-/lru-cache-11.5.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4pfM1Ff0x50o0tQwb5ucw/RzNyD0/YJME6IVcStalZuMWxdt3sR3huStTtxz4PUmvZfRguvDejasvQ2kifR11g==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "20 || >=22"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@babel/code-frame": {
       "version": "7.29.7",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.29.7.tgz",
@@ -329,6 +384,159 @@
         "node": ">=6.9.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@bramus/specificity": {
+      "version": "2.4.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@bramus/specificity/-/specificity-2.4.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ctxtJ/eA+t+6q2++vj5j7FYX3nRu311q1wfYH3xjlLOsczhlhxAg2FWNUXhpGvAw3BWo1xBcvOV6/YLc2r5FJw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "css-tree": "^3.0.0"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "specificity": "bin/cli.js"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@csstools/color-helpers": {
+      "version": "6.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@csstools/color-helpers/-/color-helpers-6.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-064IFJdjTfUqnjpCVpMOdbr8FLQBhinbZj6yRv2An2E41O/pLEXqfFRWqGq/SxlE5PEUYTlvWsG2r8MswAVvkg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "github",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/csstools"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/csstools"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT-0",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=20.19.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@csstools/css-calc": {
+      "version": "3.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@csstools/css-calc/-/css-calc-3.3.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-c5ihYsPkdG6JCkU2zTMm4+k6r7RXuGxtWYhu5DHMIiF1FHzrfmHL5so11AoFpUv/tu61xfcmT4AmKoFfMPoqdQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "github",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/csstools"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/csstools"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=20.19.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@csstools/css-parser-algorithms": "^4.0.0",
+        "@csstools/css-tokenizer": "^4.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@csstools/css-color-parser": {
+      "version": "4.1.10",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@csstools/css-color-parser/-/css-color-parser-4.1.10.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UZhQLIUyJaaMepqehrCODwCg2KW25vFvLWBmqYFaPclYvvxzj/sG8LBOhBFCp11i9uE7t1EyS+RAoV9tztPFyw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "github",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/csstools"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/csstools"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@csstools/color-helpers": "^6.1.0",
+        "@csstools/css-calc": "^3.3.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=20.19.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@csstools/css-parser-algorithms": "^4.0.0",
+        "@csstools/css-tokenizer": "^4.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@csstools/css-parser-algorithms": {
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