feat(book): add passive return navigation

.gitea/workflows/release.yml

@@ -96,9 +96,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@ff15f0306b3f739f7b6fd43fb5d26cd321bd4de5 # v3
         with:
           name: purpur-fantasy-stick-${{ steps.release.outputs.version }}
-          path: build/libs/purpur-fantasy-stick-${{ steps.release.outputs.version }}.jar
+          path: |
+            build/libs/purpur-fantasy-stick-${{ steps.release.outputs.version }}.jar
+            build/distributions/purpur-fantasy-stick-${{ steps.release.outputs.version }}-resource-pack.zip
           if-no-files-found: error
-      - name: Publish verified JAR through a draft release
+      - name: Publish verified JAR and resource pack through a draft release
         if: steps.release.outputs.created == 'true'
         env:
           RELEASE_CREDENTIAL: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}

build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import java.net.URI
 import java.security.MessageDigest
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.Zip
 
 plugins {
     java
@@ -7,6 +8,7 @@ plugins {
 
 group = "games.dmg"
 version = providers.gradleProperty("releaseVersion").orElse("0.1.0-SNAPSHOT").get()
+val pluginVersion = version.toString()
 
 repositories {
     mavenCentral()
@@ -33,11 +35,43 @@ dependencies {
     testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 }
 
+val resourcePackInput = layout.buildDirectory.dir("generated/resource-pack-input")
+val prepareResourcePack = tasks.register<Copy>("prepareResourcePack") {
+    from("src/resourcePack")
+    into(resourcePackInput)
+    filesMatching("pack.mcmeta") { expand("version" to pluginVersion) }
+}
+val sheetResourcePack = tasks.register<Zip>("sheetResourcePack") {
+    dependsOn(prepareResourcePack)
+    from(resourcePackInput)
+    archiveFileName.set("purpur-fantasy-stick-$pluginVersion-resource-pack.zip")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.buildDirectory.dir("distributions"))
+    isPreserveFileTimestamps = false
+    isReproducibleFileOrder = true
+}
+val resourcePackMetadata = layout.buildDirectory.dir("generated/resource-pack-metadata")
+val generateResourcePackMetadata = tasks.register("generateResourcePackMetadata") {
+    dependsOn(sheetResourcePack)
+    inputs.file(sheetResourcePack.flatMap { it.archiveFile })
+    inputs.property("pluginVersion", pluginVersion)
+    outputs.file(resourcePackMetadata.map { it.file("sheet-resource-pack.properties") })
+    doLast {
+        val pack = sheetResourcePack.get().archiveFile.get().asFile
+        val sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1").digest(pack.readBytes()).joinToString("") { "%02x".format(it) }
+        val version = pluginVersion
+        val output = resourcePackMetadata.get().file("sheet-resource-pack.properties").asFile
+        output.parentFile.mkdirs()
+        output.writeText("url=https://git.garvis.dev/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/releases/download/v$version/purpur-fantasy-stick-$version-resource-pack.zip\nsha1=$sha1\n")
+    }
+}
+sourceSets.main.get().resources.srcDir(resourcePackMetadata)
+
 tasks.test {
     useJUnitPlatform()
-    dependsOn(tasks.jar)
+    dependsOn(tasks.jar, sheetResourcePack)
     systemProperty("distribution.jar", tasks.jar.get().archiveFile.get().asFile.absolutePath)
-    systemProperty("distribution.version", project.version.toString())
+    systemProperty("distribution.version", pluginVersion)
+    systemProperty("resource.pack.zip", sheetResourcePack.get().archiveFile.get().asFile.absolutePath)
 }
 
 // Patch the exact supported runtime for non-listening native API tests, as in Purpur Base.
@@ -88,13 +122,14 @@ nativeTest.compileClasspath += sourceSets.main.get().output + nativeRuntimeJars
 nativeTest.runtimeClasspath += sourceSets.main.get().output + nativeRuntimeJars
 val nativeCompatibilityTest = tasks.register<Test>("nativeCompatibilityTest") {
     description = "Verifies packaged metadata and native item serialization without starting a server"
-    dependsOn(tasks.jar)
+    dependsOn(tasks.jar, sheetResourcePack)
     testClassesDirs = nativeTest.output.classesDirs
     classpath = nativeTest.runtimeClasspath
     useJUnitPlatform()
     maxHeapSize = "1G"
     workingDir(nativeRuntime)
     systemProperty("distribution.jar", tasks.jar.get().archiveFile.get().asFile.absolutePath)
+    systemProperty("resource.pack.zip", sheetResourcePack.get().archiveFile.get().asFile.absolutePath)
 }
 val installReleaseTools = tasks.register<Exec>("installReleaseTools") {
     commandLine("npm", "ci", "--ignore-scripts", "--no-audit", "--no-fund")
@@ -105,9 +140,8 @@ val releaseToolCheck = tasks.register<Exec>("releaseToolCheck") {
 }
 tasks.check { dependsOn(nativeCompatibilityTest, releaseToolCheck) }
 
-val pluginVersion = version
-
 tasks.processResources {
+    dependsOn(generateResourcePackMetadata)
     inputs.property("pluginVersion", pluginVersion)
     filesMatching("plugin.yml") {
         expand("version" to pluginVersion)

scripts/publish-release.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ try {
   if (!/^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)$/.test(version)
       || !credential || !/^[a-f0-9]{40}$/.test(commit)) throw new Error("Invalid input");
   const jar = await readFile(`build/libs/purpur-fantasy-stick-${version}.jar`);
+  const resourcePack = await readFile(`build/distributions/purpur-fantasy-stick-${version}-resource-pack.zip`);
   await publishRelease({
-    credential, version, commit, jar,
+    credential, version, commit, jar, resourcePack,
     notes: process.env.RELEASE_NOTES ?? "See the source history for changes.",
   }, fetch);
   console.log(`Published purpur-fantasy-stick v${version}.`);

scripts/release-client.test.ts

@@ -8,12 +8,15 @@ const input: ReleaseInput = {
   commit: "a".repeat(40),
   notes: "Verified changes",
   jar: new Uint8Array([0x50, 0x4b, 0x03, 0x04]),
+  resourcePack: new Uint8Array([0x50, 0x4b, 0x03, 0x05]),
 };
 
-function success(init: RequestInit): Response {
+function success(init: RequestInit, url = ""): Response {
+  const pack = url.includes("resource-pack.zip");
   return Response.json({
     id: 42, draft: init.method !== "PATCH", tag_name: "v1.2.3",
-    name: "purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3.jar", size: input.jar.length,
+    name: pack ? "purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3-resource-pack.zip" : "purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3.jar",
+    size: pack ? input.resourcePack.length : input.jar.length,
   });
 }
 
@@ -21,7 +24,7 @@ test("creates a draft on the fixed repository and exact source commit, without f
   const calls: { url: string; init: RequestInit }[] = [];
   const id = await publishRelease(input, async (url, init) => {
     calls.push({ url, init });
-    return success(init);
+    return success(init, url);
   });
   assert.ok(calls.length >= 1);
   const first = calls[0]!;
@@ -40,17 +43,21 @@ test("uploads the exact versioned bytes before publishing the draft", async () =
   const calls: { url: string; init: RequestInit }[] = [];
   await publishRelease(input, async (url, init) => {
     calls.push({ url, init });
-    return success(init);
+    return success(init, url);
   });
-  assert.equal(calls.length, 3);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 4);
   assert.equal(calls[1]!.url,
     "https://git.garvis.dev/api/v1/repos/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/releases/42/assets?name=purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3.jar");
   assert.equal(calls[1]!.init.method, "POST");
   assert.deepEqual(new Uint8Array(await new Response(calls[1]!.init.body).arrayBuffer()), input.jar);
   assert.equal(new Headers(calls[1]!.init.headers).get("content-type"), "application/octet-stream");
-  assert.equal(calls[2]!.init.method, "PATCH");
-  assert.equal(calls[2]!.url, "https://git.garvis.dev/api/v1/repos/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/releases/42");
-  assert.deepEqual(JSON.parse(String(calls[2]!.init.body)), { draft: false });
+  assert.equal(calls[2]!.url,
+    "https://git.garvis.dev/api/v1/repos/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/releases/42/assets?name=purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3-resource-pack.zip");
+  assert.equal(calls[2]!.init.method, "POST");
+  assert.deepEqual(new Uint8Array(await new Response(calls[2]!.init.body).arrayBuffer()), input.resourcePack);
+  assert.equal(calls[3]!.init.method, "PATCH");
+  assert.equal(calls[3]!.url, "https://git.garvis.dev/api/v1/repos/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/releases/42");
+  assert.deepEqual(JSON.parse(String(calls[3]!.init.body)), { draft: false });
   for (const call of calls) {
     assert.equal(call.init.redirect, "error");
     assert.equal(new Headers(call.init.headers).get("authorization"), `token ${input.credential}`);
@@ -58,14 +65,14 @@ test("uploads the exact versioned bytes before publishing the draft", async () =
   }
 });
 
-for (const failureStep of [1, 2, 3]) {
+for (const failureStep of [1, 2, 3, 4]) {
   for (const status of [302, 401, 409, 500]) {
     test(`stops at step ${failureStep} on HTTP ${status} without leaking API error bodies`, async () => {
       let calls = 0;
       await assert.rejects(publishRelease(input, async (_url, init) => {
         calls++;
         if (calls === failureStep) return new Response(input.credential, { status });
-        return success(init);
+        return success(init, _url);
       }), (error: unknown) => {
         assert.ok(error instanceof Error);
         assert.ok(error.message.includes(String(status)));
@@ -85,7 +92,7 @@ test("sanitizes transport errors and does not follow a redirect with the credent
 
 for (const invalid of [
   { credential: "" }, { credential: "header\r\ninjection" }, { version: "../../latest" },
-  { version: "1.0.0-SNAPSHOT" }, { commit: "main" }, { jar: new Uint8Array() },
+  { version: "1.0.0-SNAPSHOT" }, { commit: "main" }, { jar: new Uint8Array() }, { resourcePack: new Uint8Array() },
 ]) {
   test(`rejects invalid ${Object.keys(invalid)[0]} before any network request`, async () => {
     let calls = 0;
@@ -112,16 +119,18 @@ for (const body of ["not JSON", "null", JSON.stringify({ id: -1 }), JSON.stringi
 for (const [failureStep, body] of [
   [2, {}], [2, { name: "other.jar", size: 4 }],
   [2, { name: "purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3.jar", size: 0 }],
-  [3, { id: 42, draft: true, tag_name: "v1.2.3" }],
-  [3, { id: 77, draft: false, tag_name: "v1.2.3" }],
-  [3, { id: 42, draft: false, tag_name: "v8.8.8" }],
+  [3, {}], [3, { name: "other.zip", size: 4 }],
+  [3, { name: "purpur-fantasy-stick-1.2.3-resource-pack.zip", size: 0 }],
+  [4, { id: 42, draft: true, tag_name: "v1.2.3" }],
+  [4, { id: 77, draft: false, tag_name: "v1.2.3" }],
+  [4, { id: 42, draft: false, tag_name: "v8.8.8" }],
 ] as const) {
   test(`requires a matching asset and completed publication: ${JSON.stringify(body)}`, async () => {
     let calls = 0;
     await assert.rejects(publishRelease(input, async (_url, init) => {
       calls++;
-      return calls === failureStep ? Response.json(body) : success(init);
-    }), { message: failureStep === 2 ? "Invalid release asset response." : "Invalid published release response." });
+      return calls === failureStep ? Response.json(body) : success(init, _url);
+    }), { message: failureStep === 2 || failureStep === 3 ? "Invalid release asset response." : "Invalid published release response." });
     assert.equal(calls, failureStep);
   });
 }

scripts/release-client.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ export interface ReleaseInput {
   commit: string;
   notes: string;
   jar: Uint8Array;
+  resourcePack: Uint8Array;
 }
 
 export type Request = (url: string, init: RequestInit) => Promise<Response>;
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ const releases = "https://git.garvis.dev/api/v1/repos/dmg/purpur-fantasy-stick/r
 export async function publishRelease(input: ReleaseInput, request: Request): Promise<number> {
   if (!/^[\x21-\x7e]+$/.test(input.credential)
       || !/^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)$/.test(input.version)
-      || !/^[a-f0-9]{40}$/.test(input.commit) || input.jar.length === 0) {
+      || !/^[a-f0-9]{40}$/.test(input.commit) || input.jar.length === 0 || input.resourcePack.length === 0) {
     throw new Error("Invalid release input.");
   }
   const send: Request = async (url, init) => {
@@ -49,6 +50,16 @@ export async function publishRelease(input: ReleaseInput, request: Request): Pro
   if (asset.name !== `purpur-fantasy-stick-${input.version}.jar` || asset.size !== input.jar.length) {
     throw new Error("Invalid release asset response.");
   }
+  const packName = `purpur-fantasy-stick-${input.version}-resource-pack.zip`;
+  const packResponse = await send(`${releases}/${release.id}/assets?name=${packName}`, {
+    method: "POST", redirect: "error",
+    headers: { authorization: `token ${input.credential}`, "content-type": "application/octet-stream" },
+    body: new Uint8Array(input.resourcePack).buffer,
+  });
+  const pack = await readObject(packResponse, "Invalid release asset response.");
+  if (pack.name !== packName || pack.size !== input.resourcePack.length) {
+    throw new Error("Invalid release asset response.");
+  }
   const publishedResponse = await send(`${releases}/${release.id}`, {
     method: "PATCH", redirect: "error",
     headers: { authorization: `token ${input.credential}`, "content-type": "application/json" },

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityDefinition.java

@@ -13,18 +13,20 @@ import org.bukkit.Material;
 
 /** Immutable internal ability metadata and focused effect boundary; not an external add-on API. */
 public record AbilityDefinition(String id, String name, Material icon, List<String> lore, String instructions,
-        Map<Stat, BigInteger> requirements, BigInteger pointCost, Activation activation,
+        Map<Stat, BigInteger> requirements, BigInteger pointCost, Category category, Activation activation,
         ControlInput.Gesture gesture, Duration cooldown, Map<String, BigDecimal> parameters,
         TargetPolicy targetPolicy, AbilityEffect effect) {
+    public enum Category { ATK, BUF, HEAL }
     public enum Activation { IMMEDIATE, DELAYED, PROJECTILE, AREA, SELECTION }
-    public enum TargetPolicy { SELF, HOSTILE, PROJECTILE_HOSTILE, ALLY, PARTY, AREA, SELECTION, EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT }
+    public enum TargetPolicy { SELF, HOSTILE, PROJECTILE_HOSTILE, ALLY, PARTY, AREA, SELECTION, EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT,
+        EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT_SELECTION }
     private static final Pattern ID = Pattern.compile("[a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63}");
     private static final Pattern PARAMETER = Pattern.compile("[a-z][a-z0-9_-]{0,63}");
 
     public AbilityDefinition {
         Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(name); Objects.requireNonNull(icon);
         Objects.requireNonNull(lore); Objects.requireNonNull(instructions); Objects.requireNonNull(requirements);
-        Objects.requireNonNull(pointCost); Objects.requireNonNull(activation); Objects.requireNonNull(gesture);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(pointCost); Objects.requireNonNull(category); Objects.requireNonNull(activation); Objects.requireNonNull(gesture);
         Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(parameters); Objects.requireNonNull(targetPolicy);
         Objects.requireNonNull(effect);
         lore = List.copyOf(lore); requirements = Map.copyOf(requirements); parameters = Map.copyOf(parameters);

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityEffect.java

@@ -3,5 +3,7 @@ package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
 /** Focused native effect invoked only after shared persistence, cooldown and target authorization. */
 @FunctionalInterface
 public interface AbilityEffect {
+    /** Effect-specific initial eligibility checked before the shared cooldown commit. */
+    default boolean accepts(games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput input) { return true; }
     void activate(AbilityExecution execution);
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityEngine.java

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
     private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
     private final AbilityScheduler scheduler;
     private final Consumer<AbilityReport> reports;
+    private final AbilityFeedback feedback;
+    private final games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage trainingDamage;
     private final Consumer<Failure> failures;
     private final Map<Key, Object> pending = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<Key, Long> generations = new HashMap<>();
@@ -49,10 +51,27 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
     public AbilityEngine(AbilityRegistry registry, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
             PartyRoster parties, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, AbilityScheduler scheduler,
             Consumer<AbilityReport> reports, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
+        this(registry, characters, sessions, parties, clock, nextTick, scheduler, reports,
+            (definition, input, type, target, amount) -> { },
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage.passthrough(), failures);
+    }
+
+    public AbilityEngine(AbilityRegistry registry, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+            PartyRoster parties, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, AbilityScheduler scheduler,
+            Consumer<AbilityReport> reports, AbilityFeedback feedback, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
+        this(registry, characters, sessions, parties, clock, nextTick, scheduler, reports, feedback,
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage.passthrough(), failures);
+    }
+
+    public AbilityEngine(AbilityRegistry registry, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+            PartyRoster parties, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, AbilityScheduler scheduler,
+            Consumer<AbilityReport> reports, AbilityFeedback feedback,
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage trainingDamage, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
         this.registry = Objects.requireNonNull(registry); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
         this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
         this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
         this.scheduler = Objects.requireNonNull(scheduler); this.reports = Objects.requireNonNull(reports);
+        this.feedback = Objects.requireNonNull(feedback); this.trainingDamage = Objects.requireNonNull(trainingDamage);
         this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
     }
 
@@ -81,6 +100,21 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
             () -> characters.assignAbility(input.session().character(), expectedRevision, ability, slot));
     }
 
+    public CompletableFuture<Mutation> unlearn(ControlInput input, String ability, BigInteger expectedRevision) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(input); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision);
+        if (closed || registry.find(ability).isEmpty() || input.kind() != ControlInput.Kind.BOOK || !input.stillCurrent()) {
+            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(new Mutation(CharacterStorage.AbilityMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, null));
+        }
+        return mutation(input, ability, expectedRevision,
+            () -> characters.unlearnAbility(input.session().character(), expectedRevision, ability))
+            .thenApply(mutation -> {
+                if (mutation.record() != null && !mutation.record().learned().contains(ability)) {
+                    remove(input.session().character(), ability);
+                }
+                return mutation;
+            });
+    }
+
     private CompletableFuture<Mutation> mutation(ControlInput input, String ability, BigInteger expectedRevision,
             java.util.function.Supplier<CompletableFuture<CharacterStorage.AbilityMutation>> operation) {
         var result = new CompletableFuture<Mutation>();
@@ -123,7 +157,13 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
             input.player().sendMessage("" + definition.name() + " is ready in "
                 + Math.max(1, Duration.between(now, existing).toSeconds()) + " seconds."); return;
         }
-        if (!eligible(definition.targetPolicy(), input, input.target())) {
+        boolean accepted;
+        try { accepted = eligible(definition.targetPolicy(), input, input.target()) && definition.effect().accepts(input); }
+        catch (RuntimeException invalid) {
+            report(input.session().character(), definition.id(), invalid);
+            input.player().sendMessage("That target could not be validated for " + definition.name() + "."); return;
+        }
+        if (!accepted) {
             input.player().sendMessage("That target is not eligible for " + definition.name() + "."); return;
         }
         var key = new Key(input.session().character(), definition.id());
@@ -200,6 +240,7 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
     /** Bounded lifecycle sweep; plugin timers may call this without scanning future catalogues. */
     public void sweep() {
         if (closed) return;
+        sessions.refreshCooldownControls(64);
         int checked = 0;
         outer: for (var runtimes : List.copyOf(active.values())) {
             for (var runtime : List.copyOf(runtimes)) {
@@ -220,6 +261,7 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
             case AREA -> target == null || target instanceof LivingEntity && (!(target instanceof Player player) || fantasy(player));
             case SELECTION -> target == null || target instanceof LivingEntity && (!(target instanceof Player player) || fantasy(player));
             case EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT -> target instanceof Player && target != input.player();
+            case EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT_SELECTION -> target == null || target instanceof Player && target != input.player();
         };
     }
 
@@ -303,10 +345,21 @@ public final class AbilityEngine implements Consumer<ControlInput>, AutoCloseabl
             }
             owned.add(resource);
         }
+        @Override public boolean trainingDummy(Entity target) { return trainingDamage.target(Objects.requireNonNull(target)); }
+        @Override public void damage(org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity target, double amount,
+                                     org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource source) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(target); Objects.requireNonNull(source);
+            var measured = trainingDamage.apply(input.player(), target, () -> target.damage(amount, source));
+            measured.ifPresent(value -> report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, target, value));
+        }
         @Override public void report(AbilityReport.Type type, Entity target, java.math.BigDecimal amount) {
             if (!stillCurrent() || definition.targetPolicy() == AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT
+                    || definition.targetPolicy() == AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT_SELECTION
                     || target == null || !AbilityEngine.this.eligible(definition.targetPolicy(), input, target)) return;
-            reports.accept(new AbilityReport(type, key.character(), input.session().session(), target.getUniqueId(), amount, clock.instant()));
+            var report = new AbilityReport(type, key.character(), input.session().session(), target.getUniqueId(), amount, clock.instant());
+            reports.accept(report);
+            try { feedback.report(definition, input, type, target, report.amount()); }
+            catch (RuntimeException failure) { AbilityEngine.this.report(key.character(), key.ability(), failure); }
         }
         @Override public void finish() { close(); }
         @Override public void close() {

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityExecution.java

@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
 import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
 
 /** Bounded owned runtime supplied by the shared engine after durable cast authorization. */
 public interface AbilityExecution extends AutoCloseable {
@@ -16,6 +18,8 @@ public interface AbilityExecution extends AutoCloseable {
     List<Entity> eligible(Collection<? extends Entity> candidates, int maximum);
     AbilityScheduler.Task later(Duration delay, Runnable action);
     void own(AutoCloseable resource);
+    boolean trainingDummy(Entity target);
+    void damage(LivingEntity target, double amount, DamageSource source);
     void report(AbilityReport.Type type, Entity target, BigDecimal amount);
     void finish();
     @Override void close();

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityFeedback.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+
+/** Presentation sink for an authoritative applied ability outcome. */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface AbilityFeedback {
+    void report(AbilityDefinition definition, ControlInput input, AbilityReport.Type type, Entity target, BigDecimal amount);
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/AbilityRegistry.java

@@ -17,6 +17,15 @@ public final class AbilityRegistry {
         }
     }
 
+    /** Replace one registered definition after an acknowledged runtime configuration save. */
+    public void replace(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(definition);
+        definitions.compute(definition.id(), (id, existing) -> {
+            if (existing == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown ability ID: " + id);
+            return definition;
+        });
+    }
+
     public Optional<AbilityDefinition> find(String id) {
         return id == null ? Optional.empty() : Optional.ofNullable(definitions.get(id));
     }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/ChainLightning.java

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.Particle;
+import org.bukkit.Sound;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+
+/** Deterministic bounded four-target lightning chain with exact decimal decay. */
+public final class ChainLightning implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double initialRange, double jumpRange,
+                           int additionalTargets, BigDecimal jumpMultiplier) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(jumpMultiplier);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(initialRange) || initialRange <= 0 || initialRange > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(jumpRange) || jumpRange <= 0 || jumpRange > 64
+                    || additionalTargets < 0 || additionalTargets > 63
+                    || jumpMultiplier.signum() <= 0 || jumpMultiplier.compareTo(BigDecimal.ONE) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Chain Lightning settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(8), Duration.ofSeconds(18), 16, 6, 3, new BigDecimal("0.75"));
+        }
+    }
+    private static final class Attempt {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final LivingEntity target; boolean accepted;
+        Attempt(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target) { this.execution = execution; this.target = target; }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private Attempt damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public ChainLightning(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("chain_lightning", "Chain Lightning", Material.LIGHTNING_ROD,
+            List.of("Strike for " + current.baseDamage() + " + INT modifier damage, then jump up to "
+                    + current.additionalTargets() + " times.",
+                "Each jump deals " + decimal(current.jumpMultiplier().movePointRight(2))
+                    + "% of the previous defined damage within " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.jumpRange())) + " blocks."),
+            "Use while aiming at the first visible hostile within " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.initialRange())) + " blocks.",
+            Map.of(Stat.INT, BigInteger.valueOf(20), Stat.DEX, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.IMMEDIATE, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),
+                "initial-range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.initialRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "jump-range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.jumpRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "additional-targets", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.additionalTargets()),
+                "jump-multiplier", current.jumpMultiplier()), AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.SELECTION, this);
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger initialDamage(BigInteger intelligence) { return initialDamage(BigInteger.valueOf(8), intelligence); }
+    static BigInteger initialDamage(BigInteger base, BigInteger intelligence) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(intelligence);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || intelligence.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Chain Lightning damage input");
+        var delta = intelligence.subtract(BigInteger.TEN); var divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        var modifier = divided[0]; if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        return !closed && selectInitial(input, settings.initialRange()) != null;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var captured = from(execution.definition()); var caster = execution.input().player();
+        var initial = selectInitial(execution.input(), captured.initialRange());
+        if (initial == null) return;
+        BigDecimal defined = new BigDecimal(initialDamage(captured.baseDamage(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT)));
+        var visited = new HashSet<UUID>(); LivingEntity current = initial;
+        int maximum = Math.min(64, 1 + captured.additionalTargets());
+        for (int strike = 0; strike < maximum && current != null && execution.stillCurrent(); strike++) {
+            if (!visited.add(current.getUniqueId()) || !eligible(caster, current)) break;
+            strike(execution, caster, current, defined); visual(caster, current);
+            if (strike + 1 == maximum) break;
+            defined = defined.multiply(captured.jumpMultiplier());
+            current = next(caster, current, visited, captured.jumpRange());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void strike(AbilityExecution execution, Player caster, LivingEntity target, BigDecimal defined) {
+        double amount = finite(definiteNonnegative(defined));
+        var origin = caster.getEyeLocation().clone();
+        var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.LIGHTNING_BOLT).withCausingEntity(caster)
+            .withDirectEntity(caster).withDamageLocation(origin).build();
+        var attempt = new Attempt(execution, target); damaging = attempt;
+        try { execution.damage(target, amount, source); }
+        finally { if (damaging == attempt) damaging = null; }
+    }
+
+    private LivingEntity selectInitial(ControlInput input, double range) {
+        var caster = input.player();
+        if (input.target() instanceof LivingEntity supplied && eligible(caster, supplied)
+                && inRangeAndVisible(caster, supplied, range)) return supplied;
+        try {
+            var eye = caster.getEyeLocation();
+            var hit = caster.getWorld().rayTraceEntities(eye, eye.getDirection(), range, entity ->
+                entity instanceof LivingEntity target && eligible(caster, target) && inRangeAndVisible(caster, target, range));
+            if (hit == null || !(hit.getHitEntity() instanceof LivingEntity target)) return null;
+            return eligible(caster, target) && inRangeAndVisible(caster, target, range) ? target : null;
+        } catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return null; }
+    }
+
+    private LivingEntity next(Player caster, LivingEntity previous, Set<UUID> visited, double range) {
+        List<Entity> nearby;
+        try { nearby = previous.getNearbyEntities(range, range, range); }
+        catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return null; }
+        var candidates = new ArrayList<LivingEntity>(); var seen = new HashSet<UUID>(); int inspected = 0;
+        for (var entity : nearby) {
+            if (++inspected > 256) break;
+            if (entity instanceof LivingEntity target && seen.add(target.getUniqueId()) && !visited.contains(target.getUniqueId())
+                    && eligible(caster, target) && inRangeAndVisible(previous, target, range)) candidates.add(target);
+        }
+        var origin = previous.getLocation();
+        candidates.sort(Comparator.comparingDouble((LivingEntity target) -> distance(origin, target))
+            .thenComparing(LivingEntity::getUniqueId));
+        return candidates.isEmpty() ? null : candidates.getFirst();
+    }
+
+    private boolean eligible(Player caster, LivingEntity target) {
+        if (target == caster) return false;
+        if (!(target instanceof Player player)) return true;
+        if (sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).isEmpty()) return false;
+        var sourceParty = parties.partyOf(caster.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        var targetParty = parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return sourceParty == null || targetParty == null || !sourceParty.id().equals(targetParty.id());
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inRangeAndVisible(LivingEntity source, LivingEntity target, double range) {
+        try {
+            var from = source.getLocation(); var to = target.getLocation();
+            return from.getWorld() == to.getWorld() && from.distanceSquared(to) <= range * range && source.hasLineOfSight(target);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static double distance(Location origin, LivingEntity target) {
+        try { var location = target.getLocation(); return origin.getWorld() == location.getWorld()
+            ? origin.distanceSquared(location) : Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY; }
+        catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY; }
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var attempt = damaging;
+        if (attempt == null || attempt.accepted || event.getEntity() != attempt.target
+                || event.getCause() != EntityDamageEvent.DamageCause.LIGHTNING
+                || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0 || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage())) return;
+        attempt.accepted = true;
+        attempt.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, attempt.target, BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));
+    }
+
+    private static void visual(Player caster, LivingEntity target) {
+        try {
+            var location = target.getLocation().clone().add(0, target.getHeight() / 2, 0);
+            caster.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.ELECTRIC_SPARK, location, 18, 0.3, 0.5, 0.3, 0.02);
+            caster.getWorld().playSound(location, Sound.ENTITY_LIGHTNING_BOLT_THUNDER, 0.35f, 1.7f);
+        } catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+    }
+    private static BigDecimal definiteNonnegative(BigDecimal value) { return value.signum() < 0 ? BigDecimal.ZERO : value; }
+    private static double finite(BigDecimal value) {
+        if (value.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE)) > 0) return Double.MAX_VALUE;
+        double result = value.doubleValue(); return Double.isFinite(result) ? result : Double.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var p = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(p.get("base-damage").toBigIntegerExact(), definition.cooldown(), p.get("initial-range").doubleValue(),
+            p.get("jump-range").doubleValue(), p.get("additional-targets").intValueExact(), p.get("jump-multiplier"));
+    }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+    @Override public void close() { closed = true; damaging = null; }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/CombatMitigation.java

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+
+/** Internal strongest-reduction stage shared by Fantasy Stick protection effects. */
+public final class CombatMitigation implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    private final class Grant implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final Player player; final BigDecimal percent; final BooleanSupplier current; boolean closed;
+        Grant(AbilityExecution execution, Player player, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.player = player; this.percent = percent; this.current = current;
+        }
+        boolean valid() {
+            try { return !closed && execution.stillCurrent() && current.getAsBoolean(); }
+            catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true;
+            var owned = grants.get(player.getUniqueId());
+            if (owned != null) { owned.remove(this); if (owned.isEmpty()) grants.remove(player.getUniqueId()); }
+        }
+    }
+    private record Prevention(Grant grant, BigDecimal amount) { }
+    private final Map<UUID, List<Grant>> grants = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<EntityDamageEvent, Prevention> pending = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public AutoCloseable grant(AbilityExecution execution, Player player, BigDecimal percent) {
+        return grant(execution, player, percent, () -> true);
+    }
+
+    public AutoCloseable grant(AbilityExecution execution, Player player, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(execution); Objects.requireNonNull(player); Objects.requireNonNull(percent); Objects.requireNonNull(current);
+        if (closed || percent.signum() < 0 || percent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid combat mitigation grant");
+        var grant = new Grant(execution, player, percent, current);
+        grants.computeIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), ignored -> new ArrayList<>()).add(grant);
+        return grant;
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGH, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void reduce(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (closed || !(event.getEntity() instanceof Player player)) return;
+        Grant strongest = null;
+        var owned = grants.get(player.getUniqueId());
+        if (owned == null) return;
+        for (var grant : List.copyOf(owned)) {
+            if (grant.player != player || !grant.valid()) continue;
+            if (strongest == null || grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent) > 0) strongest = grant;
+        }
+        double original = event.getDamage();
+        if (strongest == null || !Double.isFinite(original) || original <= 0) return;
+        double reduced = BigDecimal.valueOf(original)
+            .multiply(BigDecimal.ONE.subtract(strongest.percent.movePointLeft(2))).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(reduced) || reduced < 0) return;
+        event.setDamage(reduced);
+        BigDecimal prevented = BigDecimal.valueOf(original - reduced);
+        if (prevented.signum() > 0) pending.put(event, new Prevention(strongest, prevented));
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void accepted(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var prevention = pending.remove(event);
+        if (prevention == null || event.isCancelled() || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0
+                || !prevention.grant.valid()) return;
+        prevention.grant.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.PREVENTION, event.getEntity(), prevention.amount);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true;
+        for (var owned : List.copyOf(grants.values())) for (var grant : List.copyOf(owned)) grant.close();
+        grants.clear(); pending.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Fireball.java

@@ -15,47 +15,50 @@ import org.bukkit.Material;
 import org.bukkit.Particle;
 import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
 import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.AbstractArrow;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Arrow;
 import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Snowball;
 import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
 import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
 import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
 import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
 import org.bukkit.event.entity.ProjectileHitEvent;
 import org.bukkit.util.Vector;
 
-/** Fireball's owned snowball projectile, direct custom damage and bounded cleanup adapter. */
+/** Fireball's owned arrow flight, direct custom damage and bounded cleanup adapter. */
 public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
-    private static final double SPEED_PER_TICK = 1.0;
-
-    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double range, Duration lifetime) {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double range, Duration lifetime, double speedPerTick) {
         public Settings {
             Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(lifetime);
             if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
                     || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 1024
-                    || lifetime.isZero() || lifetime.isNegative() || lifetime.compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(60)) > 0) {
+                    || lifetime.isZero() || lifetime.isNegative() || lifetime.compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(60)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(speedPerTick) || speedPerTick < 0.01 || speedPerTick > 64) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Fireball settings");
             }
         }
         public static Settings defaults() {
-            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(6), Duration.ofSeconds(4), 32, Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(6), Duration.ofMillis(1200), 32, Duration.ofSeconds(5), 3);
         }
     }
 
-    private final Settings settings;
+    private volatile Settings settings;
     private final Map<UUID, State> projectiles = new HashMap<>();
     private State damaging;
     private boolean closed;
 
     private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
-        final Snowball projectile;
+        final Arrow projectile;
         final AbilityExecution execution;
         final Location origin;
         final BigInteger intelligence;
+        final Settings settings;
         LivingEntity target;
         boolean finished;
-        State(Snowball projectile, AbilityExecution execution, Location origin, BigInteger intelligence) {
-            this.projectile = projectile; this.execution = execution; this.origin = origin; this.intelligence = intelligence;
+        State(Arrow projectile, AbilityExecution execution, Location origin, BigInteger intelligence, Settings settings) {
+            this.projectile = projectile; this.execution = execution; this.origin = origin;
+            this.intelligence = intelligence; this.settings = settings;
         }
         @Override public void close() {
             if (finished) return;
@@ -66,16 +69,19 @@ public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
     }
 
     public Fireball(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
 
     public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
         return new AbilityDefinition("fireball", "Fireball", Material.SNOWBALL,
-            List.of("Launch a bounded fiery snowball.", "Deals " + settings.baseDamage() + " + INT modifier damage."),
+            List.of("Launch a bounded fiery arrow flight.", "Deals " + current.baseDamage() + " + INT modifier damage."),
             "Use the equipped snowball; a miss still spends the cooldown.",
-            Map.of(Stat.INT, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE,
-            AbilityDefinition.Activation.PROJECTILE, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, settings.cooldown(),
-            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(settings.baseDamage()),
-                "range", BigDecimal.valueOf(settings.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
-                "lifetime", BigDecimal.valueOf(settings.lifetime().toMillis(), 3).stripTrailingZeros()),
+            Map.of(Stat.INT, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.PROJECTILE, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),
+                "range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "lifetime", seconds(current.lifetime()),
+                "projectile-speed", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.speedPerTick()).stripTrailingZeros()),
             AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PROJECTILE_HOSTILE, this);
     }
 
@@ -95,21 +101,24 @@ public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
 
     @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
         if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var current = settings;
         var player = execution.input().player();
         Location origin = player.getEyeLocation().clone();
         Vector direction = origin.getDirection();
         if (!Double.isFinite(direction.getX()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getY()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getZ())
                 || direction.lengthSquared() == 0) throw new IllegalStateException("Fireball direction is unavailable");
-        var projectile = player.launchProjectile(Snowball.class, direction.normalize().multiply(SPEED_PER_TICK));
+        var projectile = player.launchProjectile(Arrow.class, direction.normalize().multiply(current.speedPerTick()));
+        projectile.setPickupStatus(AbstractArrow.PickupStatus.DISALLOWED);
+        projectile.setDamage(0); projectile.setKnockbackStrength(0); projectile.setPierceLevel(0); projectile.setCritical(false);
         projectile.setVisualFire(true);
-        var state = new State(projectile, execution, origin, execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT));
+        var state = new State(projectile, execution, origin, execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT), current);
         if (projectiles.putIfAbsent(projectile.getUniqueId(), state) != null) {
             projectile.remove(); throw new IllegalStateException("Duplicate Fireball projectile identity");
         }
         execution.own(state);
-        long rangeTicks = Math.max(1, (long) Math.ceil(settings.range() / SPEED_PER_TICK));
+        long rangeTicks = Math.max(1, (long) Math.ceil(current.range() / current.speedPerTick()));
         execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(Math.multiplyExact(rangeTicks, 50)), execution::finish);
-        execution.later(settings.lifetime(), execution::finish);
+        execution.later(current.lifetime(), execution::finish);
         player.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.FLAME, origin, 8, 0.15, 0.15, 0.15, 0.01);
     }
 
@@ -121,13 +130,13 @@ public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
             if (closed || event.isCancelled() || !state.execution.stillCurrent()
                     || !(event.getHitEntity() instanceof LivingEntity target) || !inRange(state, event.getEntity().getLocation())
                     || state.execution.eligible(List.of(target), 1).isEmpty()) return;
-            BigInteger amount = damage(settings.baseDamage(), state.intelligence);
+            BigInteger amount = damage(state.settings.baseDamage(), state.intelligence);
             double nativeDamage = amount.bitLength() > 1023 ? Double.MAX_VALUE : amount.doubleValue();
             var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.FIREBALL).withCausingEntity(state.execution.input().player())
                 .withDirectEntity(state.projectile).withDamageLocation(state.projectile.getLocation()).build();
             state.target = target;
             damaging = state;
-            try { target.damage(nativeDamage, source); }
+            try { state.execution.damage(target, nativeDamage, source); }
             finally { if (damaging == state) damaging = null; }
         } finally {
             state.execution.finish();
@@ -137,7 +146,14 @@ public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
     private boolean inRange(State state, Location current) {
         return current.getWorld() != null && state.origin.getWorld() != null
             && current.getWorld().equals(state.origin.getWorld())
-            && current.distanceSquared(state.origin) <= settings.range() * settings.range();
+            && current.distanceSquared(state.origin) <= state.settings.range() * state.settings.range();
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void containNativeDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (!(event.getDamager() instanceof Arrow arrow)) return;
+        var state = projectiles.get(arrow.getUniqueId());
+        if (state != null && damaging != state) event.setCancelled(true);
     }
 
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
@@ -153,6 +169,10 @@ public final class Fireball implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
         state.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, event.getEntity(), BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));
     }
 
+    private static BigDecimal seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getSeconds()).add(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getNano(), 9)).stripTrailingZeros();
+    }
+
     @Override public void close() {
         if (closed) return;
         closed = true;

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/FrostNova.java

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.Particle;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffect;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Bounded instantaneous Frost Nova damage and ownership-aware Slowness. */
+public final class FrostNova implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double radius,
+                           int slownessAmplifier, Duration slownessDuration) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(slownessDuration);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(radius) || radius <= 0 || radius > 64
+                    || slownessAmplifier < 0 || slownessAmplifier > 255
+                    || slownessDuration.isNegative() || slownessDuration.isZero()
+                    || slownessDuration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Frost Nova settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(5), Duration.ofSeconds(12), 5, 1, Duration.ofSeconds(3));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class SlowLease implements AutoCloseable {
+        final LivingEntity target; final PotionEffect previous; final PotionEffect applied;
+        final long started = System.nanoTime(); boolean owned; boolean closed;
+        SlowLease(LivingEntity target, PotionEffect applied) {
+            this.target = target; previous = target.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS); this.applied = applied;
+        }
+        boolean apply() { owned = target.addPotionEffect(applied); return owned; }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; if (!owned) return;
+            var current = target.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS);
+            long elapsed = Math.max(0, (System.nanoTime() - started) / 50_000_000L);
+            int expected = (int) Math.max(0, (long) applied.getDuration() - elapsed);
+            if (current == null || current.getAmplifier() != applied.getAmplifier()
+                    || current.getDuration() > expected + 2) return;
+            target.removePotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS);
+            if (previous != null) {
+                int remaining = (int) Math.max(0, (long) previous.getDuration() - elapsed);
+                if (remaining > 0) target.addPotionEffect(previous.withDuration(remaining));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    private final class LeaseGroup implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final List<SlowLease> leases = new ArrayList<>(); boolean closed;
+        LeaseGroup(AbilityExecution execution) { this.execution = execution; }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; active.remove(execution, this);
+            for (var lease : List.copyOf(leases)) lease.close(); leases.clear();
+        }
+    }
+    private static final class Attempt {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final LivingEntity target; boolean accepted;
+        Attempt(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target) { this.execution = execution; this.target = target; }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Map<AbilityExecution, LeaseGroup> active = new java.util.IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private Attempt damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public FrostNova(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("frost_nova", "Frost Nova", Material.SNOWBALL,
+            List.of("Burst in a " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius())) + "-block sphere for "
+                    + current.baseDamage() + " + INT modifier damage.",
+                "Applies Slowness " + level(current.slownessAmplifier()) + " for " + seconds(current.slownessDuration()) + " seconds."),
+            "Use to affect exposed enemies; caster, party and ordinary players are excluded.",
+            Map.of(Stat.INT, BigInteger.valueOf(16), Stat.DEX, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),
+                "radius", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "slowness-amplifier", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.slownessAmplifier()),
+                "slowness-duration-seconds", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.slownessDuration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9)),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.AREA, this);
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger damage(BigInteger intelligence) { return damage(BigInteger.valueOf(5), intelligence); }
+    static BigInteger damage(BigInteger base, BigInteger intelligence) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(intelligence);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || intelligence.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Frost Nova damage input");
+        var delta = intelligence.subtract(BigInteger.TEN); var divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        var modifier = divided[0]; if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) { return !closed && input.target() == null; }
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var captured = from(execution.definition()); var source = execution.input().player();
+        Location origin = source.getEyeLocation().clone();
+        var group = new LeaseGroup(execution); active.put(execution, group); execution.own(group);
+        BigInteger exact = damage(captured.baseDamage(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT));
+        double amount = exact.bitLength() > 1023 ? Double.MAX_VALUE : exact.doubleValue();
+        int affected = 0;
+        for (var target : candidates(source, origin, captured.radius())) {
+            if (affected == 64 || !execution.stillCurrent()) break;
+            if (!eligible(execution, target, origin, captured.radius())) continue;
+            var sourceDamage = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.FREEZE).withCausingEntity(source)
+                .withDirectEntity(source).withDamageLocation(origin).build();
+            var attempt = new Attempt(execution, target); damaging = attempt;
+            try { execution.damage(target, amount, sourceDamage); }
+            finally { if (damaging == attempt) damaging = null; }
+            affected++;
+            if (!attempt.accepted || !execution.stillCurrent() || !eligible(execution, target, origin, captured.radius())) continue;
+            int ticks = Math.toIntExact(Math.max(1,
+                (captured.slownessDuration().toNanos() + 49_999_999L) / 50_000_000L));
+            var lease = new SlowLease(target, new PotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS, ticks,
+                captured.slownessAmplifier(), false, true, true));
+            if (lease.apply()) group.leases.add(lease);
+        }
+        try { source.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.SNOWFLAKE, origin, 32,
+            captured.radius() / 2, captured.radius() / 2, captured.radius() / 2, 0.01); }
+        catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+        if (group.leases.isEmpty()) execution.finish();
+        else execution.later(captured.slownessDuration(), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    private List<LivingEntity> candidates(Player source, Location origin, double radius) {
+        List<Entity> nearby;
+        try { nearby = source.getNearbyEntities(radius, radius, radius); }
+        catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return List.of(); }
+        var unique = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, LivingEntity>(); int inspected = 0;
+        for (var entity : nearby) {
+            if (++inspected > 256) break;
+            if (entity instanceof LivingEntity target && target != source) unique.putIfAbsent(target.getUniqueId(), target);
+        }
+        var result = new ArrayList<>(unique.values());
+        result.sort(Comparator.comparingDouble((LivingEntity target) -> distance(origin, target))
+            .thenComparing(LivingEntity::getUniqueId));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private boolean eligible(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target, Location origin, double radius) {
+        if (target == execution.input().player() || !inside(origin, target, radius)) return false;
+        try {
+            if (!execution.input().player().hasLineOfSight(target) || !unobstructed(origin, target)) return false;
+        } catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return false; }
+        if (!(target instanceof Player player)) return true;
+        var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+        if (active == null) return false;
+        var sourceParty = parties.partyOf(execution.input().player().getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        var targetParty = parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return sourceParty == null || targetParty == null || !sourceParty.id().equals(targetParty.id());
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var attempt = damaging;
+        if (attempt == null || attempt.accepted || event.getEntity() != attempt.target
+                || event.getCause() != EntityDamageEvent.DamageCause.FREEZE
+                || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0 || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage())) return;
+        attempt.accepted = true;
+        attempt.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, attempt.target, BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));
+    }
+
+    private static boolean unobstructed(Location origin, LivingEntity target) {
+        var world = origin.getWorld(); if (world == null) return false;
+        var location = target.getLocation(); if (location.getWorld() != world) return false;
+        var bounds = target.getBoundingBox();
+        var center = bounds == null ? location.toVector().add(new org.bukkit.util.Vector(0, target.getHeight() / 2, 0))
+            : bounds.getCenter();
+        var offset = center.clone().subtract(origin.toVector()); double distance = offset.length();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(distance) || distance == 0) return distance == 0;
+        return world.rayTraceBlocks(origin, offset.multiply(1 / distance), distance,
+            org.bukkit.FluidCollisionMode.NEVER, true) == null;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inside(Location origin, LivingEntity target, double radius) {
+        try { var location = target.getLocation(); return origin.getWorld() == location.getWorld()
+            && origin.distanceSquared(location) <= radius * radius; }
+        catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static double distance(Location origin, LivingEntity target) {
+        try { var location = target.getLocation(); return origin.getWorld() == location.getWorld()
+            ? origin.distanceSquared(location) : Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY; }
+        catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY; }
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var parameters = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(parameters.get("base-damage").toBigIntegerExact(), definition.cooldown(),
+            parameters.get("radius").doubleValue(), parameters.get("slowness-amplifier").intValueExact(),
+            Duration.ofNanos(parameters.get("slowness-duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()));
+    }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+    private static String seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9));
+    }
+    private static String level(int amplifier) {
+        return switch (amplifier + 1) { case 1 -> "I"; case 2 -> "II"; case 3 -> "III"; case 4 -> "IV"; default -> Integer.toString(amplifier + 1); };
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true; damaging = null;
+        for (var group : List.copyOf(active.values())) { group.close(); group.execution.finish(); }
+        active.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/FrostShard.java

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.Particle;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.AbstractArrow;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Arrow;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.ProjectileHitEvent;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffect;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+import org.bukkit.util.Vector;
+
+/** Frost Shard's bounded direct projectile damage and owned Slowness adapter. */
+public final class FrostShard implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double range, Duration lifetime,
+                           double speedPerTick, int slownessAmplifier, Duration slownessDuration) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(lifetime);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(slownessDuration);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 1024
+                    || lifetime.isZero() || lifetime.isNegative() || lifetime.compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(60)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(speedPerTick) || speedPerTick < 0.01 || speedPerTick > 64
+                    || slownessAmplifier < 0 || slownessAmplifier > 255
+                    || slownessDuration.isZero() || slownessDuration.isNegative()
+                    || slownessDuration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Frost Shard settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(4), Duration.ofSeconds(5), 32, Duration.ofSeconds(5),
+                3, 0, Duration.ofSeconds(2));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final Arrow projectile;
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final Location origin;
+        final BigInteger intelligence;
+        final Settings settings;
+        LivingEntity target;
+        boolean accepted;
+        boolean finished;
+        State(Arrow projectile, AbilityExecution execution, Location origin, BigInteger intelligence, Settings settings) {
+            this.projectile = projectile; this.execution = execution; this.origin = origin;
+            this.intelligence = intelligence; this.settings = settings;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (finished) return;
+            finished = true; projectiles.remove(projectile.getUniqueId(), this); projectile.remove();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class SlowLease implements AutoCloseable {
+        private final LivingEntity target;
+        private final PotionEffect previous;
+        private final PotionEffect applied;
+        private final long started = System.nanoTime();
+        private boolean owned;
+        private boolean closed;
+        SlowLease(LivingEntity target, PotionEffect applied) {
+            this.target = target; this.previous = target.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS); this.applied = applied;
+        }
+        boolean apply() { owned = target.addPotionEffect(applied); return owned; }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return;
+            closed = true;
+            if (!owned) return;
+            var current = target.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS);
+            long elapsed = Math.max(0, (System.nanoTime() - started) / 50_000_000L);
+            int expected = (int) Math.max(0, (long) applied.getDuration() - elapsed);
+            if (current == null || current.getAmplifier() != applied.getAmplifier()
+                    || current.getDuration() > expected + 2) return;
+            target.removePotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS);
+            if (previous != null) {
+                int remaining = (int) Math.max(0, (long) previous.getDuration() - elapsed);
+                if (remaining > 0) target.addPotionEffect(previous.withDuration(remaining));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> projectiles = new HashMap<>();
+    private State damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public FrostShard(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("frost_shard", "Frost Shard", Material.PRISMARINE_SHARD,
+            List.of("Launch a bounded frost projectile.",
+                "Deals " + current.baseDamage() + " + INT modifier damage and Slowness "
+                    + level(current.slownessAmplifier()) + " for " + seconds(current.slownessDuration()) + "s."),
+            "Use the equipped shard; a miss still spends the cooldown.",
+            Map.of(Stat.INT, BigInteger.valueOf(12), Stat.WIS, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.PROJECTILE, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),
+                "range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "lifetime", seconds(current.lifetime()), "projectile-speed", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.speedPerTick()),
+                "slowness-amplifier", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.slownessAmplifier()),
+                "slowness-duration", seconds(current.slownessDuration())),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PROJECTILE_HOSTILE, this);
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger damage(BigInteger intelligence) {
+        return damage(BigInteger.valueOf(4), intelligence);
+    }
+
+    static BigInteger damage(BigInteger base, BigInteger intelligence) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(intelligence);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || intelligence.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Frost Shard damage input");
+        BigInteger delta = intelligence.subtract(BigInteger.TEN);
+        BigInteger[] divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        BigInteger modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var current = settings;
+        var player = execution.input().player();
+        Location origin = player.getEyeLocation().clone();
+        Vector direction = origin.getDirection();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(direction.getX()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getY()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getZ())
+                || direction.lengthSquared() == 0) throw new IllegalStateException("Frost Shard direction is unavailable");
+        var projectile = player.launchProjectile(Arrow.class, direction.normalize().multiply(current.speedPerTick()));
+        projectile.setPickupStatus(AbstractArrow.PickupStatus.DISALLOWED);
+        projectile.setDamage(0); projectile.setKnockbackStrength(0); projectile.setPierceLevel(0); projectile.setCritical(false);
+        var state = new State(projectile, execution, origin, execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT), current);
+        if (projectiles.putIfAbsent(projectile.getUniqueId(), state) != null) {
+            projectile.remove(); throw new IllegalStateException("Duplicate Frost Shard projectile identity");
+        }
+        execution.own(state);
+        long rangeTicks = Math.max(1, (long) Math.ceil(current.range() / current.speedPerTick()));
+        execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(Math.multiplyExact(rangeTicks, 50)), () -> {
+            if (projectiles.containsKey(projectile.getUniqueId())) execution.finish();
+        });
+        execution.later(current.lifetime(), () -> {
+            if (projectiles.containsKey(projectile.getUniqueId())) execution.finish();
+        });
+        player.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.SNOWFLAKE, origin, 8, 0.15, 0.15, 0.15, 0.01);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void containNativeDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (!(event.getDamager() instanceof Arrow arrow)) return;
+        var state = projectiles.get(arrow.getUniqueId());
+        if (state != null && damaging != state) event.setCancelled(true);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void hit(ProjectileHitEvent event) {
+        var state = projectiles.remove(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+        if (state == null) return;
+        boolean retainExecution = false;
+        try {
+            if (closed || event.isCancelled() || !state.execution.stillCurrent()
+                    || !(event.getHitEntity() instanceof LivingEntity target) || !inRange(state, event.getEntity().getLocation())
+                    || state.execution.eligible(List.of(target), 1).isEmpty()) return;
+            var current = state.settings;
+            BigInteger amount = damage(current.baseDamage(), state.intelligence);
+            double nativeDamage = amount.bitLength() > 1023 ? Double.MAX_VALUE : amount.doubleValue();
+            var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.FREEZE).withCausingEntity(state.execution.input().player())
+                .withDirectEntity(state.projectile).withDamageLocation(state.projectile.getLocation()).build();
+            state.target = target; damaging = state;
+            try { state.execution.damage(target, nativeDamage, source); }
+            finally { if (damaging == state) damaging = null; }
+            if (state.accepted && state.execution.stillCurrent()) {
+                int ticks = Math.toIntExact(Math.max(1,
+                    (current.slownessDuration().toNanos() + 49_999_999L) / 50_000_000L));
+                var lease = new SlowLease(target, new PotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS, ticks,
+                    current.slownessAmplifier(), false, true, true));
+                if (lease.apply()) {
+                    state.execution.own(lease);
+                    state.execution.later(current.slownessDuration(), state.execution::finish);
+                    retainExecution = true;
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            state.close();
+            if (!retainExecution) state.execution.finish();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean inRange(State state, Location current) {
+        return current.getWorld() != null && state.origin.getWorld() != null
+            && current.getWorld().equals(state.origin.getWorld())
+            && current.distanceSquared(state.origin) <= state.settings.range() * state.settings.range();
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var state = damaging;
+        if (state == null || state.accepted || event.getEntity() != state.target || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0
+                || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage())) return;
+        var direct = event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity();
+        if (direct != state.projectile && (!(event instanceof org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent byEntity)
+                || byEntity.getDamager() != state.projectile)) return;
+        state.accepted = true;
+        state.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, event.getEntity(), BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));
+    }
+
+    private static String level(int amplifier) {
+        return switch (amplifier + 1) {
+            case 1 -> "I"; case 2 -> "II"; case 3 -> "III"; case 4 -> "IV"; case 5 -> "V";
+            default -> Integer.toString(amplifier + 1);
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static BigDecimal seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getSeconds()).add(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getNano(), 9))
+            .stripTrailingZeros();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        closed = true;
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(projectiles.values())) state.execution.finish();
+        projectiles.clear(); damaging = null;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/GreatSword.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+
+/** Great Sword's charge-scaled direct melee damage, replacing the contained native weapon hit. */
+public final class GreatSword implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration recovery) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(recovery);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || recovery.isNegative()
+                    || recovery.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Great Sword settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(7), Duration.ofMillis(750)); }
+    }
+
+    private static final class Attempt {
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final LivingEntity target;
+        boolean reported;
+        Attempt(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.target = target;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Settings settings;
+    private Attempt damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public GreatSword(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        return new AbilityDefinition("great_sword", "Great Sword", Material.WOODEN_SWORD,
+            List.of("Charge a contained melee strike.",
+                "Fully charged: " + settings.baseDamage() + " + STR modifier damage."),
+            "Attack with the equipped sword; partial charge follows the native attack curve.",
+            Map.of(Stat.STR, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.IMMEDIATE, ControlInput.Gesture.ATTACK, settings.recovery(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(settings.baseDamage())),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.HOSTILE, this);
+    }
+
+    public static BigDecimal damage(BigInteger strength, float charge) {
+        return damage(BigInteger.valueOf(7), strength, charge);
+    }
+
+    static BigDecimal damage(BigInteger base, BigInteger strength, float charge) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(strength);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || strength.signum() < 0 || !Float.isFinite(charge) || charge < 0 || charge > 1) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Great Sword damage input");
+        }
+        BigInteger delta = strength.subtract(BigInteger.TEN);
+        BigInteger[] divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        BigInteger modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        BigDecimal full = new BigDecimal(base.add(modifier));
+        BigDecimal nativeCharge = new BigDecimal(Float.toString(charge));
+        BigDecimal curve = new BigDecimal("0.2").add(new BigDecimal("0.8").multiply(nativeCharge.multiply(nativeCharge)));
+        return full.multiply(curve).stripTrailingZeros();
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        return !closed && input.target() instanceof LivingEntity;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent() || !(execution.input().target() instanceof LivingEntity target)) return;
+        BigDecimal amount = damage(settings.baseDamage(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.STR),
+            execution.input().attackStrength());
+        double nativeDamage = amount.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE)) > 0
+            ? Double.MAX_VALUE : amount.doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(nativeDamage) || nativeDamage <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Great Sword damage is outside the native finite range");
+        }
+        var player = execution.input().player();
+        var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.PLAYER_ATTACK).withCausingEntity(player)
+            .withDirectEntity(player).build();
+        var attempt = new Attempt(execution, target);
+        damaging = attempt;
+        try { execution.damage(target, nativeDamage, source); }
+        finally { if (damaging == attempt) damaging = null; }
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        var attempt = damaging;
+        if (closed || attempt == null || attempt.reported || event.isCancelled()
+                || event.getDamager() != attempt.execution.input().player() || event.getEntity() != attempt.target
+                || (event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity() != null
+                    && event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity() != attempt.execution.input().player())
+                || (event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity() != null
+                    && event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity() != attempt.execution.input().player())
+                || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0 || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage())) return;
+        attempt.reported = true;
+        attempt.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, event.getEntity(),
+            BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()).stripTrailingZeros());
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() { closed = true; damaging = null; }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/GuardianBond.java

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Projectile;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.projectiles.ProjectileSource;
+
+/** Conserved, non-recursive native combat redirection for Guardian Bond. */
+public final class GuardianBond implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double range, Duration duration, BigDecimal redirectPercent) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(duration); Objects.requireNonNull(redirectPercent);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 64
+                    || duration.isNegative() || duration.isZero() || duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0
+                    || redirectPercent.signum() < 0 || redirectPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Guardian Bond settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(20), 10, Duration.ofSeconds(6), BigDecimal.valueOf(30));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public record Support(UUID target, UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) {
+        public Support {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(target); Objects.requireNonNull(supportingCharacter);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(aided); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface public interface Damage {
+        BigDecimal apply(Player guardian, Entity attacker, BigDecimal requested);
+    }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final Player guardian;
+        final Player ally;
+        final EquipmentSessions.Active aided;
+        final Settings settings;
+        boolean closed;
+        State(AbilityExecution execution, Player guardian, Player ally,
+              EquipmentSessions.Active aided, Settings settings) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.guardian = guardian; this.ally = ally;
+            this.aided = aided; this.settings = settings;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return;
+            closed = true;
+            byGuardian.remove(guardian.getUniqueId(), this);
+            byAlly.remove(ally.getUniqueId(), this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class NativeTransfer {
+        final Player guardian; final Entity attacker; final BigDecimal requested; final BigDecimal available;
+        BigDecimal accepted = BigDecimal.ZERO;
+        NativeTransfer(Player guardian, Entity attacker, BigDecimal requested, BigDecimal available) {
+            this.guardian = guardian; this.attacker = attacker; this.requested = requested; this.available = available;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> REDIRECT_DEPTH = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> 0);
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Damage damage;
+    private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> byGuardian = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, State> byAlly = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private int transferring;
+    private NativeTransfer nativeTransfer;
+    private org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitTask sweepTask;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public GuardianBond(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties,
+                        Consumer<Support> supports) {
+        this(settings, sessions, parties, null, supports);
+    }
+
+    public GuardianBond(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties,
+                        Damage damage, Consumer<Support> supports) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+        this.damage = damage == null ? this::nativeDamage : damage;
+        this.supports = Objects.requireNonNull(supports);
+    }
+
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(plugin);
+        if (closed || sweepTask != null) throw new IllegalStateException("Guardian Bond sweep already installed or closed");
+        sweepTask = plugin.getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimer(plugin, this::sweep, 1, 1);
+    }
+
+    /** Bound active-link validation prevents an invalid link from becoming valid again later. */
+    public void sweep() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        int checked = 0;
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(byGuardian.values())) {
+            if (!current(state)) breakBond(state);
+            if (++checked == 256) break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("guardian_bond", "Guardian Bond", Material.IRON_CHESTPLATE,
+            List.of("Redirect " + decimal(current.redirectPercent()) + "% of an aimed party ally's combat damage.",
+                "Range " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range())) + " blocks for " + seconds(current.duration()) + " seconds."),
+            "Use on an aimed active party ally; one guardian and one bond per ally.",
+            Map.of(Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(16), Stat.WIS, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "duration-seconds", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.duration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9),
+                "redirect-percent", current.redirectPercent()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PARTY, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        if (closed || !(input.target() instanceof Player ally) || ally == input.player()) return false;
+        return byGuardian.get(input.player().getUniqueId()) == null && byAlly.get(ally.getUniqueId()) == null
+            && eligible(input.player(), ally, settings.range()) && aided(ally) != null;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent() || !(execution.input().target() instanceof Player ally)) return;
+        var guardian = execution.input().player(); var captured = from(execution.definition()); var aided = aided(ally);
+        if (ally == guardian || aided == null || !eligible(guardian, ally, captured.range())
+                || byGuardian.containsKey(guardian.getUniqueId()) || byAlly.containsKey(ally.getUniqueId())) {
+            execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        var state = new State(execution, guardian, ally, aided, captured);
+        byGuardian.put(guardian.getUniqueId(), state); byAlly.put(ally.getUniqueId(), state);
+        execution.own(state); execution.later(captured.duration(), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void redirect(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (closed || redirectedDamage() || transferring != 0 || !(event.getEntity() instanceof Player ally)) return;
+        var state = byAlly.get(ally.getUniqueId());
+        if (state == null) return;
+        if (!current(state)) { breakBond(state); return; }
+        double incoming = event.getDamage();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(incoming) || incoming <= 0) return;
+        BigDecimal requested = BigDecimal.valueOf(incoming)
+            .multiply(state.settings.redirectPercent().movePointLeft(2));
+        if (requested.signum() <= 0) return;
+        Entity attacker = attacker(event);
+        if (attacker == null) return;
+        BigDecimal accepted;
+        transferring++; REDIRECT_DEPTH.set(REDIRECT_DEPTH.get() + 1);
+        try { accepted = damage.apply(state.guardian, attacker, requested); }
+        catch (RuntimeException failure) { return; }
+        finally {
+            transferring--;
+            int depth = REDIRECT_DEPTH.get() - 1;
+            if (depth == 0) REDIRECT_DEPTH.remove(); else REDIRECT_DEPTH.set(depth);
+        }
+        if (accepted == null || accepted.signum() <= 0) return;
+        BigDecimal maximum = requested.min(BigDecimal.valueOf(incoming));
+        if (accepted.compareTo(maximum) > 0) accepted = maximum;
+        double remaining = BigDecimal.valueOf(incoming).subtract(accepted).max(BigDecimal.ZERO).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(remaining)) return;
+        event.setDamage(remaining);
+        state.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.PREVENTION, ally, accepted);
+        supports.accept(new Support(attacker.getUniqueId(), state.execution.input().session().character(), state.aided, accepted));
+    }
+
+    /** Capture accepted marked damage before synchronous fantasy-defeat restoration can replace native health. */
+    private BigDecimal nativeDamage(Player guardian, Entity attacker, BigDecimal requested) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(guardian); Objects.requireNonNull(attacker); Objects.requireNonNull(requested);
+        double amount = requested.doubleValue(); double health = effectiveHealth(guardian);
+        if (!Double.isFinite(amount) || amount <= 0 || !Double.isFinite(health) || health <= 0) return BigDecimal.ZERO;
+        var transfer = new NativeTransfer(guardian, attacker, requested, BigDecimal.valueOf(health));
+        nativeTransfer = transfer;
+        try { guardian.damage(amount, attacker); }
+        finally { nativeTransfer = null; }
+        return transfer.accepted;
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void acceptedRedirect(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        var transfer = nativeTransfer;
+        if (transfer == null || event.getEntity() != transfer.guardian || attacker(event) != transfer.attacker
+                || event.isCancelled() || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage()) || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0) return;
+        transfer.accepted = BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()).min(transfer.requested).min(transfer.available);
+    }
+
+    /** True only during synchronous dispatch of Guardian Bond's marked redirected damage. */
+    public static boolean redirectedDamage() {
+        int depth = REDIRECT_DEPTH.get();
+        if (depth == 0) REDIRECT_DEPTH.remove();
+        return depth > 0;
+    }
+
+    private EquipmentSessions.Active aided(Player ally) {
+        return sessions.active(ally.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+    }
+
+    private boolean current(State state) {
+        if (state.closed || !state.execution.stillCurrent() || state.ally != state.execution.input().target()
+                || !sessions.current(state.aided)
+                || !sessions.active(state.ally.getUniqueId()).filter(state.aided::equals).isPresent()
+                || !eligible(state.guardian, state.ally, state.settings.range())) return false;
+        var guardianParty = parties.partyOf(state.guardian.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        var allyParty = parties.partyOf(state.ally.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return guardianParty != null && allyParty != null && guardianParty.id().equals(allyParty.id());
+    }
+
+    private void breakBond(State state) {
+        state.close(); state.execution.finish();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean eligible(Player guardian, Player ally, double range) {
+        try {
+            var source = guardian.getLocation(); var target = ally.getLocation();
+            return source.getWorld() == target.getWorld() && source.distanceSquared(target) <= range * range
+                && guardian.hasLineOfSight(ally);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+
+    private static Entity attacker(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        Entity causing = event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity();
+        if (causing != null) return causing;
+        if (event.getDamager() instanceof Projectile projectile) {
+            ProjectileSource shooter = projectile.getShooter();
+            if (shooter instanceof Entity entity) return entity;
+        }
+        return event.getDamager();
+    }
+
+    private static double effectiveHealth(Player player) {
+        return Math.max(0, player.getHealth()) + Math.max(0, player.getAbsorptionAmount());
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var parameters = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(), parameters.get("range").doubleValue(),
+            Duration.ofNanos(parameters.get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),
+            parameters.get("redirect-percent"));
+    }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+    private static String seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9));
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true;
+        if (sweepTask != null) sweepTask.cancel();
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(byGuardian.values())) state.execution.finish();
+        byGuardian.clear(); byAlly.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Hex.java

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+
+/** Hex's aimed, owned outgoing combat-damage penalty. */
+public final class Hex implements AbilityEffect,AutoCloseable{
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown,double range,Duration duration,BigDecimal reductionPercent){
+        public Settings{Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);Objects.requireNonNull(duration);Objects.requireNonNull(reductionPercent);
+            if(cooldown.isNegative()||cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365))>0||!Double.isFinite(range)||range<=0||range>64
+                ||duration.isZero()||duration.isNegative()||duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1))>0
+                ||reductionPercent.signum()<0||reductionPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100))>0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Hex settings");}
+        public static Settings defaults(){return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(10),12,Duration.ofSeconds(4),BigDecimal.valueOf(20));}}
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable{final AbilityExecution execution;final LivingEntity target;final AutoCloseable grant;boolean closed;
+        State(AbilityExecution execution,LivingEntity target,AutoCloseable grant){this.execution=execution;this.target=target;this.grant=grant;}
+        @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;hexes.remove(target.getUniqueId(),this);try{grant.close();}catch(Exception failure){throw new IllegalStateException(failure);}}}
+    private volatile Settings settings;private final OutgoingDamageMitigation mitigation;private final Map<UUID,State> hexes=new java.util.HashMap<>();private boolean closed;
+    public Hex(Settings settings,OutgoingDamageMitigation mitigation){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);this.mitigation=Objects.requireNonNull(mitigation);}
+    public void configure(Settings settings){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);}
+    public AbilityDefinition definition(){var current=settings;return new AbilityDefinition("hex","Hex",Material.SPIDER_EYE,
+        List.of("Reduce an aimed hostile's combat damage by "+current.reductionPercent().stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()+"%.",
+            "Range "+BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()+" blocks; lasts "+seconds(current.duration())+" seconds."),
+        "Use while aiming at the first visible hostile; there is no fallback target.",Map.of(Stat.CHR,BigInteger.valueOf(14),Stat.WIS,BigInteger.valueOf(12)),BigInteger.ONE,AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+        AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED,ControlInput.Gesture.USE,current.cooldown(),Map.of("range",BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+            "duration-seconds",BigDecimal.valueOf(current.duration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9),"damage-reduction-percent",current.reductionPercent()),
+        AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.HOSTILE,this);}
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input){return !closed&&input.target() instanceof LivingEntity target&&inRange(input,target,settings.range());}
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution){if(closed||!execution.stillCurrent()||!(execution.input().target() instanceof LivingEntity target))return;
+        var current=from(execution.definition());if(!inRange(execution.input(),target,current.range())||execution.trainingDummy(target)){execution.finish();return;}
+        var state=new State(execution,target,mitigation.grant(execution,target,current.reductionPercent()));var previous=hexes.put(target.getUniqueId(),state);
+        if(previous!=null)previous.execution.finish();execution.own(state);execution.later(current.duration(),execution::finish);}
+    private static boolean inRange(ControlInput input,LivingEntity target,double range){try{Location source=input.player().getLocation(),destination=target.getLocation();
+        return source.getWorld()==destination.getWorld()&&source.distanceSquared(destination)<=range*range&&input.player().hasLineOfSight(target);
+        }catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}}
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition){var p=definition.parameters();return new Settings(definition.cooldown(),p.get("range").doubleValue(),
+        Duration.ofNanos(p.get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),p.get("damage-reduction-percent"));}
+    private static String seconds(Duration value){return BigDecimal.valueOf(value.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();}
+    @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;for(var state:List.copyOf(hexes.values()))state.execution.finish();hexes.clear();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Inspire.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;import java.math.*;import java.time.Duration;import java.util.*;import org.bukkit.*;import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+/** Inspire's self-or-aimed fantasy-player temporary health grant. */
+public final class Inspire implements AbilityEffect,AutoCloseable{
+ public record Settings(BigInteger baseTemporaryHealth,Duration cooldown,double range,Duration duration){public Settings{Objects.requireNonNull(baseTemporaryHealth);Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);Objects.requireNonNull(duration);if(baseTemporaryHealth.signum()<0||baseTemporaryHealth.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE).toBigInteger())>0||cooldown.isNegative()||cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365))>0||!Double.isFinite(range)||range<=0||range>64||duration.isZero()||duration.isNegative()||duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1))>0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Inspire settings");}public static Settings defaults(){return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(4),Duration.ofSeconds(15),12,Duration.ofSeconds(6));}}
+ private volatile Settings settings;private final TemporaryHealth temporaryHealth;private boolean closed;
+ public Inspire(Settings settings,TemporaryHealth temporaryHealth){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);this.temporaryHealth=Objects.requireNonNull(temporaryHealth);}public void configure(Settings settings){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);}
+ public AbilityDefinition definition(){var s=settings;return new AbilityDefinition("inspire","Inspire",Material.AMETHYST_SHARD,List.of("Grant "+s.baseTemporaryHealth()+" + CHR modifier temporary health for "+seconds(s.duration())+" seconds.","Range "+BigDecimal.valueOf(s.range()).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()+" blocks for an aimed fantasy player."),"Sneak+Use selects self; normal Use requires an aimed fantasy player.",Map.of(Stat.CHR,BigInteger.valueOf(12),Stat.WIS,BigInteger.TEN),BigInteger.ONE,AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED,ControlInput.Gesture.USE,s.cooldown(),Map.of("base-temporary-health",new BigDecimal(s.baseTemporaryHealth()),"range",BigDecimal.valueOf(s.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),"duration-seconds",BigDecimal.valueOf(s.duration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9)),AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.ALLY,this);}
+ @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input){if(closed||!(input.target() instanceof Player target))return false;if(input.player().isSneaking())return target==input.player();return target!=input.player()&&inRange(input.player(),target,settings.range());}
+ public static BigInteger amount(BigInteger charisma){return amount(BigInteger.valueOf(4),charisma);}static BigInteger amount(BigInteger base,BigInteger charisma){Objects.requireNonNull(base);Objects.requireNonNull(charisma);if(base.signum()<0||charisma.signum()<0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Inspire amount");var delta=charisma.subtract(BigInteger.TEN);var divided=delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);var modifier=divided[0];if(delta.signum()<0&&divided[1].signum()!=0)modifier=modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);return base.add(modifier);}
+ @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution){if(closed||!execution.stillCurrent()||!(execution.input().target() instanceof Player target))return;var s=from(execution.definition());if(execution.input().player().isSneaking()?target!=execution.input().player():target==execution.input().player()||!inRange(execution.input().player(),target,s.range())){execution.finish();return;}var exact=amount(s.baseTemporaryHealth(),execution.character().stats().get(Stat.CHR));double nativeAmount=exact.bitLength()>1023?Double.MAX_VALUE:exact.doubleValue();if(!Double.isFinite(nativeAmount)||nativeAmount<=0){execution.finish();return;}execution.own(temporaryHealth.grant(execution,target,nativeAmount));execution.later(s.duration(),execution::finish);}
+ private static boolean inRange(Player source,Player target,double range){try{var a=source.getLocation();var b=target.getLocation();return a.getWorld()==b.getWorld()&&a.distanceSquared(b)<=range*range&&source.hasLineOfSight(target);}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}}
+ private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition d){var p=d.parameters();return new Settings(p.get("base-temporary-health").toBigIntegerExact(),d.cooldown(),p.get("range").doubleValue(),Duration.ofNanos(p.get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()));}
+ private static String seconds(Duration d){return BigDecimal.valueOf(d.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();}
+ @Override public void close(){closed=true;}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Longbow.java

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.math.MathContext;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.AbstractArrow;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Arrow;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.ProjectileHitEvent;
+import org.bukkit.util.Vector;
+
+/** Longbow's ammunition-free native draw and bounded custom-arrow damage adapter. */
+public final class Longbow implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    private static final BigInteger MAX_NATIVE_BASE = BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE).toBigInteger();
+
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration recovery, int minimumDrawTicks, int fullDrawTicks,
+                           double range, Duration lifetime, double fullSpeedPerTick) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(recovery); Objects.requireNonNull(lifetime);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || baseDamage.compareTo(MAX_NATIVE_BASE) > 0
+                    || recovery.compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(1)) < 0
+                    || recovery.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || minimumDrawTicks < 1 || minimumDrawTicks > 72_000
+                    || fullDrawTicks < minimumDrawTicks || fullDrawTicks > 72_000
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 1024
+                    || lifetime.isZero() || lifetime.isNegative() || lifetime.compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(60)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(fullSpeedPerTick) || fullSpeedPerTick < 0.01 || fullSpeedPerTick > 64) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Longbow settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(5), Duration.ofSeconds(1), 3, 20, 64,
+                Duration.ofSeconds(10), 3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final Arrow arrow;
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final Location origin;
+        final Settings settings;
+        final BigDecimal damage;
+        LivingEntity target;
+        boolean accepted;
+        boolean finished;
+        State(Arrow arrow, AbilityExecution execution, Location origin, Settings settings, BigDecimal damage) {
+            this.arrow = arrow; this.execution = execution; this.origin = origin; this.settings = settings; this.damage = damage;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (finished) return;
+            finished = true; arrows.remove(arrow.getUniqueId(), this); arrow.remove();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> arrows = new HashMap<>();
+    private State damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public Longbow(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("longbow", "Longbow", Material.BOW,
+            List.of("Draw and release an ammunition-free owned arrow.",
+                "A full draw deals " + current.baseDamage() + " + DEX modifier damage."),
+            "Draw by holding use; release after at least " + current.minimumDrawTicks() + " ticks.",
+            Map.of(Stat.DEX, BigInteger.valueOf(14)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.PROJECTILE, ControlInput.Gesture.DRAW_RELEASE, current.recovery(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),
+                "minimum-draw-ticks", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.minimumDrawTicks()),
+                "full-draw-ticks", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.fullDrawTicks()),
+                "range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "lifetime", seconds(current.lifetime()),
+                "full-projectile-speed", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.fullSpeedPerTick()).stripTrailingZeros()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PROJECTILE_HOSTILE, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        return input.gesture() == ControlInput.Gesture.DRAW_RELEASE && input.heldTicks() >= settings.minimumDrawTicks();
+    }
+
+    public static BigDecimal power(int heldTicks, int fullDrawTicks) {
+        if (heldTicks < 0 || fullDrawTicks < 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Longbow draw");
+        var x = BigDecimal.valueOf(heldTicks).divide(BigDecimal.valueOf(fullDrawTicks), MathContext.DECIMAL128);
+        var power = x.multiply(x, MathContext.DECIMAL128).add(x.multiply(BigDecimal.TWO), MathContext.DECIMAL128)
+            .divide(BigDecimal.valueOf(3), MathContext.DECIMAL128);
+        return power.min(BigDecimal.ONE);
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger fullDamage(BigInteger dexterity) {
+        return fullDamage(BigInteger.valueOf(5), dexterity);
+    }
+
+    static BigInteger fullDamage(BigInteger base, BigInteger dexterity) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(dexterity);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || dexterity.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Longbow damage input");
+        BigInteger delta = dexterity.subtract(BigInteger.TEN);
+        BigInteger[] divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        BigInteger modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        Settings shot = from(execution.definition());
+        BigDecimal power = power(execution.input().heldTicks(), shot.fullDrawTicks());
+        var player = execution.input().player();
+        Location origin = player.getEyeLocation().clone();
+        Vector direction = origin.getDirection();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(direction.getX()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getY()) || !Double.isFinite(direction.getZ())
+                || direction.lengthSquared() == 0) throw new IllegalStateException("Longbow direction is unavailable");
+        double speed = BigDecimal.valueOf(shot.fullSpeedPerTick()).multiply(power, MathContext.DECIMAL128).doubleValue();
+        var arrow = player.launchProjectile(Arrow.class, direction.normalize().multiply(speed));
+        arrow.setPickupStatus(AbstractArrow.PickupStatus.DISALLOWED);
+        arrow.setDamage(0); arrow.setKnockbackStrength(0); arrow.setPierceLevel(0); arrow.setCritical(false);
+        var damage = new BigDecimal(fullDamage(shot.baseDamage(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.DEX)))
+            .multiply(power, MathContext.DECIMAL128);
+        var state = new State(arrow, execution, origin, shot, damage);
+        if (arrows.putIfAbsent(arrow.getUniqueId(), state) != null) {
+            arrow.remove(); throw new IllegalStateException("Duplicate Longbow arrow identity");
+        }
+        execution.own(state);
+        long rangeTicks = Math.max(1, (long) Math.ceil(shot.range() / speed));
+        execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(Math.multiplyExact(rangeTicks, 50)), () -> {
+            if (arrows.containsKey(arrow.getUniqueId())) execution.finish();
+        });
+        execution.later(shot.lifetime(), () -> {
+            if (arrows.containsKey(arrow.getUniqueId())) execution.finish();
+        });
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void containNativeDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (!(event.getDamager() instanceof Arrow arrow)) return;
+        var state = arrows.get(arrow.getUniqueId());
+        if (state != null && damaging != state) event.setCancelled(true);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void hit(ProjectileHitEvent event) {
+        var state = arrows.remove(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+        if (state == null) return;
+        try {
+            if (closed || event.isCancelled() || !state.execution.stillCurrent()
+                    || !(event.getHitEntity() instanceof LivingEntity target)
+                    || !inRange(state, event.getEntity().getLocation())
+                    || state.execution.eligible(List.of(target), 1).isEmpty()) return;
+            double nativeDamage = state.damage.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE)) > 0
+                ? Double.MAX_VALUE : state.damage.doubleValue();
+            if (!Double.isFinite(nativeDamage) || nativeDamage <= 0) return;
+            var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.ARROW).withCausingEntity(state.execution.input().player())
+                .withDirectEntity(state.arrow).withDamageLocation(state.arrow.getLocation()).build();
+            state.target = target; damaging = state;
+            try { state.execution.damage(target, nativeDamage, source); }
+            finally { if (damaging == state) damaging = null; }
+        } finally {
+            state.close(); state.execution.finish();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inRange(State state, Location current) {
+        return current.getWorld() != null && state.origin.getWorld() != null
+            && current.getWorld().equals(state.origin.getWorld())
+            && current.distanceSquared(state.origin) <= state.settings.range() * state.settings.range();
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var state = damaging;
+        if (state == null || state.accepted || event.getEntity() != state.target || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0
+                || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage())) return;
+        var direct = event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity();
+        if (direct != state.arrow && (!(event instanceof EntityDamageByEntityEvent byEntity)
+                || byEntity.getDamager() != state.arrow)) return;
+        state.accepted = true;
+        state.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, event.getEntity(), BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));
+    }
+
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var p = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(p.get("base-damage").toBigIntegerExact(), definition.cooldown(),
+            p.get("minimum-draw-ticks").intValueExact(), p.get("full-draw-ticks").intValueExact(),
+            p.get("range").doubleValue(), duration(p.get("lifetime")),
+            p.get("full-projectile-speed").doubleValue());
+    }
+
+    private static Duration duration(BigDecimal seconds) {
+        return Duration.ofNanos(seconds.movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact());
+    }
+    private static BigDecimal seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getSeconds()).add(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getNano(), 9)).stripTrailingZeros();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        closed = true;
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(arrows.values())) state.execution.finish();
+        arrows.clear(); damaging = null;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/MendingLight.java

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.Attribute;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityRegainHealthEvent;
+
+/** Mending Light's aimed party healing with persist-before-publication support evidence. */
+public final class MendingLight implements AbilityEffect {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseHealing, Duration cooldown, double range) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseHealing); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);
+            if (baseHealing.signum() < 0
+                    || baseHealing.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE).toBigInteger()) > 0
+                    || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 64) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Mending Light settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(6), Duration.ofSeconds(8), 12); }
+    }
+
+    public record Support(UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) {
+        public Support {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(supportingCharacter); Objects.requireNonNull(aided); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+            if (amount.signum() <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Support amount must be positive");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private record Target(Player player, EquipmentSessions.Active active, CharacterRecord record) { }
+
+    private final CharacterStorage characters;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents;
+    private final Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit;
+    private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+
+    public MendingLight(Settings settings, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties,
+                        Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents,
+                        Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit, Consumer<Support> supports) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+        this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick); this.healingEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(healingEvents);
+        this.nativeLimit = Objects.requireNonNull(nativeLimit); this.supports = Objects.requireNonNull(supports);
+    }
+
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("mending_light", "Mending Light", Material.GHAST_TEAR,
+            List.of("Restore a party ally's missing fantasy health.",
+                "Heals " + current.baseHealing() + " + WIS modifier within " + decimal(current.range()) + " blocks."),
+            "Use while aiming at an injured active party ally; self and full-health targets are refused.",
+            Map.of(Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(12), Stat.CHR, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.HEAL,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-healing", new BigDecimal(current.baseHealing()),
+                "range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PARTY, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        var target = target(input, settings.range());
+        if (target == null) return false;
+        var attribute = target.player().getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+        double health = target.player().getHealth();
+        return attribute != null && Double.isFinite(health) && health >= 0
+            && Double.isFinite(attribute.getValue()) && health < attribute.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger healing(BigInteger wisdom) { return healing(BigInteger.valueOf(6), wisdom); }
+
+    static BigInteger healing(BigInteger base, BigInteger wisdom) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(wisdom);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || wisdom.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Mending Light healing input");
+        BigInteger delta = wisdom.subtract(BigInteger.TEN); BigInteger[] divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        BigInteger modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (!execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var configured = from(execution.definition());
+        var target = target(execution.input(), configured.range());
+        if (target == null) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var attribute = target.player().getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+        if (attribute == null) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        double current = target.player().getHealth(); double maximum = attribute.getValue(); double missing = maximum - current;
+        if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || missing <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        BigInteger exact = healing(configured.baseHealing(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.WIS));
+        double proposed = exact.bitLength() > 1023 ? missing : Math.min(missing, exact.doubleValue());
+        if (!Double.isFinite(proposed) || proposed <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var event = new EntityRegainHealthEvent(target.player(), proposed, EntityRegainHealthEvent.RegainReason.CUSTOM);
+        healingEvents.accept(event);
+        double accepted = Math.min(proposed, Math.min(missing, event.getAmount()));
+        if (event.isCancelled() || !Double.isFinite(accepted) || accepted <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var expected = target.record().revision();
+        BigDecimal persistedHealth = BigDecimal.valueOf(current + accepted);
+        BigDecimal limit = nativeLimit.get();
+        characters.saveHealth(target.record().id(), expected, persistedHealth, limit).whenComplete((saved, failure) -> {
+            try {
+                nextTick.accept(() -> complete(execution, target, expected, accepted, saved, failure));
+            } catch (RuntimeException rejected) { execution.finish(); }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void complete(AbilityExecution execution, Target target, BigInteger expected, double accepted,
+                          java.util.Optional<CharacterRecord> saved, Throwable failure) {
+        try {
+            if (failure != null || saved == null || saved.isEmpty()) {
+                execution.input().player().sendMessage("Mending Light health could not be saved; no healing was applied.");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!execution.stillCurrent() || !current(execution.input().player(), target, from(execution.definition()).range())) return;
+            var persisted = saved.orElseThrow();
+            if (!sessions.acknowledgeProgress(target.active(), expected, persisted)) return;
+            var attribute = target.player().getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+            if (attribute == null) return;
+            double current = target.player().getHealth(); double maximum = attribute.getValue();
+            double desired = Math.min(maximum, persisted.health().doubleValue());
+            double restored = Math.min(accepted, desired - current);
+            if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || !Double.isFinite(restored) || restored <= 0) return;
+            target.player().setHealth(Math.min(maximum, current + restored));
+            var amount = BigDecimal.valueOf(restored).stripTrailingZeros();
+            supports.accept(new Support(execution.input().session().character(), target.active(), amount));
+            execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.HEALING, target.player(), amount);
+        } finally { execution.finish(); }
+    }
+
+    private Target target(ControlInput input, double range) {
+        if (!(input.target() instanceof Player player) || player == input.player() || !inRange(input.player(), player, range)
+                || !sameParty(input.player(), player)) return null;
+        var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+        var record = active == null ? null : sessions.currentRecord(active).orElse(null);
+        return record == null ? null : new Target(player, active, record);
+    }
+
+    private boolean current(Player source, Target target, double range) {
+        return sessions.current(target.active())
+            && sessions.currentRecord(target.active()).filter(record -> record.id().equals(target.record().id())).isPresent()
+            && inRange(source, target.player(), range) && sameParty(source, target.player());
+    }
+
+    private boolean sameParty(Player source, Player target) {
+        var party = parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return party != null && party.members().contains(target.getUniqueId());
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inRange(Player source, Player target, double range) {
+        try {
+            var from = source.getLocation(); var to = target.getLocation();
+            return from.getWorld() == to.getWorld() && from.distanceSquared(to) <= range * range && source.hasLineOfSight(target);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var parameters = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(parameters.get("base-healing").toBigIntegerExact(), definition.cooldown(),
+            parameters.get("range").doubleValue());
+    }
+
+    private static String decimal(double value) { return BigDecimal.valueOf(value).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Meteor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.*;
+import org.bukkit.*;
+import org.bukkit.block.Block;
+import org.bukkit.block.BlockFace;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.*;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+
+/** Bounded solid-top Meteor warning followed by one direct, terrain-safe cylinder impact. */
+public final class Meteor implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double targetRange, Duration warning,
+                           double radius, double verticalRange) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage);Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);Objects.requireNonNull(warning);
+            long warningTicks;
+            try { warningTicks=Math.max(1,(warning.toNanos()+49_999_999L)/50_000_000L); }
+            catch(ArithmeticException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Meteor warning",invalid);}
+            if(baseDamage.signum()<0||cooldown.isNegative()||cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365))>0
+                    ||!Double.isFinite(targetRange)||targetRange<=0||targetRange>64
+                    ||warning.isZero()||warning.isNegative()||warningTicks>63
+                    ||!Double.isFinite(radius)||radius<=0||radius>64
+                    ||!Double.isFinite(verticalRange)||verticalRange<0||verticalRange>64)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Meteor settings");
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults(){return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(14),Duration.ofSeconds(45),24,
+            Duration.ofSeconds(2),5,4);}
+    }
+    private record Ground(Block block,Location origin){ }
+    private static final class Attempt {final AbilityExecution execution;final LivingEntity target;boolean accepted;Attempt(AbilityExecution e,LivingEntity t){execution=e;target=t;}}
+    private final class Warning implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution;final Player source;final Ground ground;final Settings captured;final BigInteger intelligence;
+        final int maximumTicks;int elapsed;boolean impacted;boolean closed;
+        Warning(AbilityExecution execution,Ground ground,Settings captured){this.execution=execution;source=execution.input().player();this.ground=ground;this.captured=captured;intelligence=execution.character().stats().get(Stat.INT);maximumTicks=(int)Math.max(1,(captured.warning().toNanos()+49_999_999L)/50_000_000L);}
+        void start(){warnings.put(execution,this);execution.own(this);warningVisual();execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(50),this::step);}
+        void step(){if(closed||impacted)return;if(!execution.stillCurrent()){execution.finish();return;}elapsed++;if(elapsed>=maximumTicks){impact();execution.finish();return;}warningVisual();execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(50),this::step);}
+        void impact(){if(closed||impacted)return;impacted=true;if(!groundCurrent()||!execution.stillCurrent())return;impactVisual();double amount=finite(damage(captured.baseDamage(),intelligence));int affected=0;for(var target:candidates(ground.origin(),captured.radius(),captured.verticalRange())){if(affected==64||!execution.stillCurrent())break;if(!eligible(execution,target,ground.origin(),captured.radius(),captured.verticalRange()))continue;var sourceDamage=DamageSource.builder(DamageType.MAGIC).withCausingEntity(source).withDirectEntity(source).withDamageLocation(ground.origin()).build();var attempt=new Attempt(execution,target);damaging=attempt;try{execution.damage(target,amount,sourceDamage);}finally{if(damaging==attempt)damaging=null;}affected++;}}
+        boolean groundCurrent(){try{return ground.origin().getWorld()!=null&&ground.block().getWorld()==ground.origin().getWorld()&&ground.block().getType().isSolid();}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}}
+        void warningVisual(){try{var dust=new Particle.DustOptions(Color.fromRGB(255,90,20),1.6f);ground.origin().getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.DUST,ground.origin().clone().add(0,.15,0),24,captured.radius()/2,.05,captured.radius()/2,0,dust);}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}}
+        void impactVisual(){try{var world=ground.origin().getWorld();world.spawnParticle(Particle.EXPLOSION_EMITTER,ground.origin(),2,0,0,0,0);world.spawnParticle(Particle.FLAME,ground.origin(),48,captured.radius()/2,1,captured.radius()/2,.04);world.playSound(ground.origin(),Sound.ENTITY_GENERIC_EXPLODE,1f,.7f);}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}}
+        @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;warnings.remove(execution,this);}
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;private final EquipmentSessions sessions;private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Map<AbilityExecution,Warning> warnings=new IdentityHashMap<>();private Attempt damaging;private boolean closed;
+    public Meteor(Settings settings,EquipmentSessions sessions,PartyRoster parties){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);this.sessions=Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);this.parties=Objects.requireNonNull(parties);}
+    public void configure(Settings settings){this.settings=Objects.requireNonNull(settings);}
+    public AbilityDefinition definition(){var current=settings;return new AbilityDefinition("meteor","Meteor",Material.FIRE_CHARGE,
+        List.of("Mark visible ground within "+decimal(current.targetRange())+" blocks for a "+seconds(current.warning())+"-second warning.","Impact exposed enemies in a "+decimal(current.radius())+"-block area for "+current.baseDamage()+" + INT modifier damage."),
+        "Use while looking at a solid top surface; the warning is visible and the impact never changes terrain.",Map.of(Stat.INT,BigInteger.valueOf(26),Stat.WIS,BigInteger.valueOf(20),Stat.CON,BigInteger.valueOf(12)),BigInteger.ONE,AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK,
+        AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED,ControlInput.Gesture.USE,current.cooldown(),Map.of("base-damage",new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()),"target-range",BigDecimal.valueOf(current.targetRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),"warning-seconds",nanos(current.warning()),"radius",BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius()).stripTrailingZeros(),"vertical-range",BigDecimal.valueOf(current.verticalRange()).stripTrailingZeros()),AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.AREA,this);}
+    public static BigInteger damage(BigInteger intelligence){return damage(BigInteger.valueOf(14),intelligence);}
+    static BigInteger damage(BigInteger base,BigInteger intelligence){Objects.requireNonNull(base);Objects.requireNonNull(intelligence);if(base.signum()<0||intelligence.signum()<0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Meteor damage input");var delta=intelligence.subtract(BigInteger.TEN);var divided=delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);var modifier=divided[0];if(delta.signum()<0&&divided[1].signum()!=0)modifier=modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);return base.add(modifier);}
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input){return !closed&&input.target()==null&&ground(input.player(),settings.targetRange())!=null;}
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution){if(closed||!execution.stillCurrent())return;var captured=from(execution.definition());var target=ground(execution.input().player(),captured.targetRange());if(target==null){execution.finish();return;}new Warning(execution,target,captured).start();}
+    private static Ground ground(Player player,double range){try{var eye=player.getEyeLocation();var hit=player.getWorld().rayTraceBlocks(eye,eye.getDirection(),range,FluidCollisionMode.NEVER,true);if(hit==null||hit.getHitBlock()==null||hit.getHitBlockFace()!=BlockFace.UP||!hit.getHitBlock().getType().isSolid())return null;var block=hit.getHitBlock();return new Ground(block,block.getLocation().add(.5,1,.5));}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return null;}}
+    private List<LivingEntity> candidates(Location origin,double radius,double vertical){List<Entity> nearby;try{nearby=new ArrayList<>(origin.getWorld().getNearbyEntities(origin,radius,vertical,radius));}catch(RuntimeException unavailable){return List.of();}var unique=new LinkedHashMap<UUID,LivingEntity>();int inspected=0;for(var entity:nearby){if(++inspected>256)break;if(entity instanceof LivingEntity living)unique.putIfAbsent(living.getUniqueId(),living);}var result=new ArrayList<>(unique.values());result.sort(Comparator.comparingDouble((LivingEntity target)->distance(origin,target)).thenComparing(LivingEntity::getUniqueId));return result;}
+    private boolean eligible(AbilityExecution execution,LivingEntity target,Location origin,double radius,double vertical){var source=execution.input().player();if(target==source||!inside(origin,target,radius,vertical)||!unobstructed(origin,target))return false;if(!(target instanceof Player player))return true;var active=sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);if(active==null)return false;var sourceParty=parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);var targetParty=parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);return sourceParty==null||targetParty==null||!sourceParty.id().equals(targetParty.id());}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.MONITOR,ignoreCancelled=true)public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageEvent event){var attempt=damaging;if(attempt==null||attempt.accepted||event.isCancelled()||event.getEntity()!=attempt.target||event.getCause()!=EntityDamageEvent.DamageCause.MAGIC||event.getFinalDamage()<=0||!Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage()))return;attempt.accepted=true;attempt.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE,attempt.target,BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()));}
+    private static boolean inside(Location origin,LivingEntity target,double radius,double vertical){try{var at=target.getLocation();if(origin.getWorld()!=at.getWorld())return false;double dx=at.getX()-origin.getX(),dz=at.getZ()-origin.getZ();return dx*dx+dz*dz<=radius*radius&&Math.abs(at.getY()-origin.getY())<=vertical;}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}}
+    private static boolean unobstructed(Location origin,LivingEntity target){try{var world=origin.getWorld();var at=target.getLocation();if(world==null||at.getWorld()!=world)return false;var bounds=target.getBoundingBox();var center=bounds==null?at.toVector().add(new org.bukkit.util.Vector(0,target.getHeight()/2,0)):bounds.getCenter();var offset=center.subtract(origin.toVector());double distance=offset.length();if(!Double.isFinite(distance)||distance==0)return distance==0;return world.rayTraceBlocks(origin,offset.multiply(1/distance),distance,FluidCollisionMode.NEVER,true)==null;}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}}
+    private static double distance(Location origin,LivingEntity target){try{var at=target.getLocation();if(origin.getWorld()!=at.getWorld())return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;double dx=at.getX()-origin.getX(),dz=at.getZ()-origin.getZ();return dx*dx+dz*dz;}catch(RuntimeException invalid){return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;}}
+    private static double finite(BigInteger value){return value.bitLength()>1023?Double.MAX_VALUE:value.doubleValue();}
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition){var p=definition.parameters();return new Settings(p.get("base-damage").toBigIntegerExact(),definition.cooldown(),p.get("target-range").doubleValue(),Duration.ofNanos(p.get("warning-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),p.get("radius").doubleValue(),p.get("vertical-range").doubleValue());}
+    private static BigDecimal nanos(Duration value){return BigDecimal.valueOf(value.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9);}private static String seconds(Duration value){return decimal(nanos(value));}private static String decimal(double value){return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(value));}private static String decimal(BigDecimal value){return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();}
+    @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;damaging=null;for(var warning:List.copyOf(warnings.values())){warning.close();warning.execution.finish();}warnings.clear();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/OutgoingDamageBonus.java

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Projectile;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.projectiles.ProjectileSource;
+
+/** Strongest deterministic Fantasy Stick outgoing combat bonus stage. */
+public final class OutgoingDamageBonus implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Support(UUID target, UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) { }
+    private final class Grant implements AutoCloseable {
+        final long sequence; final AbilityExecution execution; final Player recipient;
+        final BigDecimal percent; final BooleanSupplier current; boolean closed;
+        Grant(AbilityExecution execution, Player recipient, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+            sequence = ++sequences; this.execution = execution; this.recipient = recipient;
+            this.percent = percent; this.current = current;
+        }
+        boolean valid() {
+            try { return !closed && execution.stillCurrent() && current.getAsBoolean(); }
+            catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true;
+            var owned = grants.get(recipient.getUniqueId());
+            if (owned != null) { owned.remove(this); if (owned.isEmpty()) grants.remove(recipient.getUniqueId()); }
+        }
+    }
+    private record Used(Grant grant, Entity target, BigDecimal amount) { }
+
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+    private final Map<UUID, List<Grant>> grants = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<EntityDamageEvent, Used> pending = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private long sequences;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public OutgoingDamageBonus(EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties, Consumer<Support> supports) {
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+        this.supports = Objects.requireNonNull(supports);
+    }
+
+    public AutoCloseable grant(AbilityExecution execution, Player recipient, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(execution); Objects.requireNonNull(recipient);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(percent); Objects.requireNonNull(current);
+        if (closed || percent.signum() < 0 || percent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(1000)) > 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid outgoing damage bonus");
+        }
+        var grant = new Grant(execution, recipient, percent, current);
+        grants.computeIfAbsent(recipient.getUniqueId(), ignored -> new ArrayList<>()).add(grant); return grant;
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.NORMAL, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void increase(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        if (closed || GuardianBond.redirectedDamage()) return;
+        Entity attacker = attacker(event); if (!(attacker instanceof Player player)) return;
+        var owned = grants.get(player.getUniqueId()); if (owned == null) return;
+        Grant strongest = null;
+        for (var grant : List.copyOf(owned)) {
+            if (grant.recipient != player || !grant.valid()) continue;
+            if (strongest == null || grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent) > 0
+                    || grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent) == 0 && grant.sequence < strongest.sequence) strongest = grant;
+        }
+        double original = event.getDamage();
+        if (strongest == null || !Double.isFinite(original) || original <= 0) return;
+        BigDecimal added = BigDecimal.valueOf(original).multiply(strongest.percent.movePointLeft(2));
+        double increased = BigDecimal.valueOf(original).add(added).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(increased) || increased < 0 || added.signum() <= 0) return;
+        event.setDamage(increased); pending.put(event, new Used(strongest, event.getEntity(), added));
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void accepted(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        var used = pending.remove(event);
+        if (used == null || event.isCancelled() || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0 || !used.grant.valid()) return;
+        used.grant.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.BOOST_USED, used.target, used.amount);
+        var aided = sessions.active(used.grant.recipient.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+        if (aided == null || aided.character().equals(used.grant.execution.input().session().character())) return;
+        var sourceParty = parties.partyOf(used.grant.execution.input().player().getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        var aidedParty = parties.partyOf(used.grant.recipient.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        if (sourceParty == null || aidedParty == null || !sourceParty.id().equals(aidedParty.id())) return;
+        supports.accept(new Support(used.target.getUniqueId(), used.grant.execution.input().session().character(), aided, used.amount));
+    }
+
+    private static Entity attacker(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        Entity causing = event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity(); if (causing != null) return causing;
+        if (event.getDamager() instanceof Projectile projectile) {
+            ProjectileSource shooter = projectile.getShooter(); if (shooter instanceof Entity entity) return entity;
+        }
+        return event.getDamager();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true;
+        for (var owned : List.copyOf(grants.values())) for (var grant : List.copyOf(owned)) grant.close();
+        grants.clear(); pending.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/OutgoingDamageMitigation.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Projectile;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.projectiles.ProjectileSource;
+
+/** Internal pre-recipient strongest outgoing-damage reduction stage. */
+public final class OutgoingDamageMitigation implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Support(UUID target, UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) { }
+    private final class Grant implements AutoCloseable {
+        final long sequence; final AbilityExecution execution; final LivingEntity target; final BigDecimal percent; boolean closed;
+        Grant(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target, BigDecimal percent) {
+            this.sequence=++sequences;this.execution=execution;this.target=target;this.percent=percent;
+        }
+        @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;var owned=grants.get(target.getUniqueId());
+            if(owned!=null){owned.remove(this);if(owned.isEmpty())grants.remove(target.getUniqueId());}}
+    }
+    private record Prevention(Grant grant, Entity recipient, BigDecimal amount) { }
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions; private final PartyRoster parties; private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+    private final Map<UUID,List<Grant>> grants=new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<EntityDamageEvent,Prevention> pending=new IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private long sequences; private boolean closed;
+    public OutgoingDamageMitigation(EquipmentSessions sessions,PartyRoster parties,Consumer<Support> supports){
+        this.sessions=Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);this.parties=Objects.requireNonNull(parties);this.supports=Objects.requireNonNull(supports);}
+    public AutoCloseable grant(AbilityExecution execution,LivingEntity target,BigDecimal percent){
+        Objects.requireNonNull(execution);Objects.requireNonNull(target);Objects.requireNonNull(percent);
+        if(closed||percent.signum()<0||percent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100))>0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid outgoing mitigation grant");
+        var grant=new Grant(execution,target,percent);grants.computeIfAbsent(target.getUniqueId(),ignored->new ArrayList<>()).add(grant);return grant;}
+
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.NORMAL,ignoreCancelled=true)
+    public void reduce(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event){
+        if(closed||GuardianBond.redirectedDamage())return;Entity attacker=attacker(event);if(attacker==null)return;var owned=grants.get(attacker.getUniqueId());if(owned==null)return;
+        Grant strongest=null;for(var grant:List.copyOf(owned)){if(grant.closed||grant.target!=attacker||!grant.execution.stillCurrent())continue;
+            if(strongest==null||grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent)>0
+                    ||grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent)==0&&grant.sequence>strongest.sequence)strongest=grant;}
+        double original=event.getDamage();if(strongest==null||!Double.isFinite(original)||original<=0)return;
+        double reduced=BigDecimal.valueOf(original).multiply(BigDecimal.ONE.subtract(strongest.percent.movePointLeft(2))).doubleValue();
+        if(!Double.isFinite(reduced)||reduced<0)return;event.setDamage(reduced);var prevented=BigDecimal.valueOf(original-reduced);
+        if(prevented.signum()>0)pending.put(event,new Prevention(strongest,event.getEntity(),prevented));
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void accepted(EntityDamageEvent event){
+        var prevention=pending.remove(event);if(prevention==null||event.isCancelled()||!prevention.grant.execution.stillCurrent())return;
+        prevention.grant.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.PREVENTION,prevention.grant.target,prevention.amount);
+        if(!(prevention.recipient instanceof Player player))return;
+        var aided=sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);if(aided==null||!sessions.current(aided))return;
+        var input=prevention.grant.execution.input();if(aided.character().equals(input.session().character()))return;
+        var sourceParty=parties.partyOf(input.player().getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        var aidedParty=parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        if(sourceParty==null||aidedParty==null||!sourceParty.id().equals(aidedParty.id()))return;
+        supports.accept(new Support(prevention.grant.target.getUniqueId(),input.session().character(),aided,prevention.amount));
+    }
+
+    private static Entity attacker(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event){
+        Entity causing=event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity();if(causing!=null)return causing;
+        if(event.getDamager() instanceof Projectile projectile){ProjectileSource shooter=projectile.getShooter();if(shooter instanceof Entity entity)return entity;}
+        return event.getDamager();
+    }
+    @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;for(var owned:List.copyOf(grants.values()))for(var grant:List.copyOf(owned))grant.close();grants.clear();pending.clear();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Purify.java

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Purify's self-or-aimed-party native harmful-effect removal. */
+public final class Purify implements AbilityEffect {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double range) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 64) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Purify settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(15), 12); }
+    }
+
+    public record Support(UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) {
+        public Support {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(supportingCharacter); Objects.requireNonNull(aided); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+            if (amount.signum() <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Support amount must be positive");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private record Target(Player player, EquipmentSessions.Active active) { }
+    private static final List<PotionEffectType> HARMFUL = List.of(
+        PotionEffectType.POISON, PotionEffectType.WITHER, PotionEffectType.SLOWNESS, PotionEffectType.WEAKNESS);
+
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+
+    public Purify(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties, Consumer<Support> supports) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties); this.supports = Objects.requireNonNull(supports);
+    }
+
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("purify", "Purify", Material.HONEY_BOTTLE,
+            List.of("Remove Poison, Wither, Slowness and Weakness.",
+                "Aimed party-ally range: " + decimal(current.range()) + " blocks; beneficial effects remain."),
+            "Sneak+Use cleanses self; normal Use requires an aimed active party ally.",
+            Map.of(Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(14), Stat.CHR, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.IMMEDIATE, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.range()).stripTrailingZeros()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.PARTY, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        var target = target(input, settings.range());
+        return target != null && HARMFUL.stream().anyMatch(type -> target.player().getPotionEffect(type) != null);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (!execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var configured = from(execution.definition()); var target = target(execution.input(), configured.range());
+        if (target == null) return;
+        int removed = 0;
+        for (var type : HARMFUL) {
+            if (!execution.stillCurrent() || !current(execution.input(), target, configured.range())) break;
+            if (target.player().getPotionEffect(type) == null) continue;
+            target.player().removePotionEffect(type);
+            if (target.player().getPotionEffect(type) == null) removed++;
+        }
+        if (removed == 0) return;
+        var amount = BigDecimal.valueOf(removed);
+        execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.CLEANSING, target.player(), amount);
+        if (target.player() != execution.input().player()
+                && execution.stillCurrent() && current(execution.input(), target, configured.range())) {
+            supports.accept(new Support(execution.input().session().character(), target.active(), amount));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Target target(ControlInput input, double range) {
+        if (!(input.target() instanceof Player player)) return null;
+        if (input.player().isSneaking()) {
+            if (player != input.player()) return null;
+        } else if (player == input.player() || !inRange(input.player(), player, range) || !sameParty(input.player(), player)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+        return active == null ? null : new Target(player, active);
+    }
+
+    private boolean current(ControlInput input, Target target, double range) {
+        if (!sessions.current(target.active())) return false;
+        if (target.player() == input.player()) return input.player().isSneaking();
+        return !input.player().isSneaking() && inRange(input.player(), target.player(), range)
+            && sameParty(input.player(), target.player());
+    }
+
+    private boolean sameParty(Player source, Player target) {
+        var party = parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return party != null && party.members().contains(target.getUniqueId());
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inRange(Player source, Player target, double range) {
+        try {
+            var from = source.getLocation(); var to = target.getLocation();
+            return from.getWorld() == to.getWorld() && from.distanceSquared(to) <= range * range && source.hasLineOfSight(target);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(), definition.parameters().get("range").doubleValue());
+    }
+
+    private static String decimal(double value) { return BigDecimal.valueOf(value).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Quickstep.java

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerMoveEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerVelocityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.util.Vector;
+
+/** Quickstep's grounded, collision-respecting, owned horizontal velocity adapter. */
+public final class Quickstep implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double distance, double speedPerTick) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(distance) || distance <= 0 || distance > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(speedPerTick) || speedPerTick < 0.01 || speedPerTick > 8) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Quickstep settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(5), 4, 1); }
+    }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final Player player;
+        final Location origin;
+        final Vector horizontal;
+        final Settings settings;
+        boolean owned = true;
+        boolean closed;
+        State(AbilityExecution execution, Player player, Location origin, Vector horizontal, Settings settings) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.player = player; this.origin = origin;
+            this.horizontal = horizontal; this.settings = settings;
+        }
+        boolean stillOwns(Vector current) {
+            var horizontalCurrent = new Vector(current.getX(), 0, current.getZ());
+            double magnitude = horizontalCurrent.length();
+            if (magnitude < 1.0e-6) return true;
+            return magnitude <= horizontal.length() * 1.05 + 1.0e-6
+                && horizontalCurrent.clone().normalize().dot(horizontal.clone().normalize()) >= 0.99;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return;
+            closed = true; dashes.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this);
+            if (!owned) return;
+            Vector current = player.getVelocity();
+            if (!stillOwns(current)) return;
+            player.setVelocity(new Vector(0, current.getY(), 0));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final Consumer<PlayerVelocityEvent> velocityEvents;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> dashes = new HashMap<>();
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public Quickstep(Settings settings, Consumer<PlayerVelocityEvent> velocityEvents) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.velocityEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(velocityEvents);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("quickstep", "Quickstep", Material.RABBIT_FOOT,
+            List.of("Dash forward with native horizontal movement.",
+                "Travel up to " + decimal(current.distance()) + " blocks while obstacles remain authoritative."),
+            "Use while grounded, on foot, and not flying or gliding.",
+            Map.of(Stat.DEX, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("distance", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.distance()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "speed", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.speedPerTick()).stripTrailingZeros()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.SELF, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        var player = input.player();
+        if (!player.isOnGround() || player.isFlying() || player.isGliding() || player.isInsideVehicle()) return false;
+        Vector direction = player.getEyeLocation().getDirection(); direction.setY(0);
+        return finite(direction) && direction.lengthSquared() > 1.0e-12;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var current = from(execution.definition());
+        var player = execution.input().player();
+        if (!accepts(execution.input())) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        Vector direction = player.getEyeLocation().getDirection(); direction.setY(0).normalize();
+        Vector before = player.getVelocity();
+        Vector horizontal = direction.multiply(current.speedPerTick());
+        var proposed = new Vector(horizontal.getX(), before.getY(), horizontal.getZ());
+        var event = new PlayerVelocityEvent(player, proposed.clone());
+        velocityEvents.accept(event);
+        if (event.isCancelled() || !finite(event.getVelocity())) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        Vector accepted = event.getVelocity().clone(); accepted.setY(before.getY());
+        Vector acceptedHorizontal = new Vector(accepted.getX(), 0, accepted.getZ());
+        if (acceptedHorizontal.lengthSquared() < 1.0e-12) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var state = new State(execution, player, player.getLocation().clone(), acceptedHorizontal, current);
+        var previous = dashes.put(player.getUniqueId(), state);
+        if (previous != null) previous.execution.finish();
+        execution.own(state);
+        player.setVelocity(accepted);
+        long ticks = Math.max(1, (long) Math.ceil(current.distance() / acceptedHorizontal.length()));
+        execution.later(Duration.ofMillis(Math.multiplyExact(ticks + 1, 50)), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void moved(PlayerMoveEvent event) {
+        var state = dashes.get(event.getPlayer().getUniqueId());
+        if (state == null || state.player != event.getPlayer()) return;
+        var to = event.getTo();
+        if (to == null || !state.execution.stillCurrent()) { state.execution.finish(); return; }
+        Vector current = state.player.getVelocity();
+        if (!state.stillOwns(current)) {
+            state.owned = false; state.execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        double dx = to.getX() - state.origin.getX(); double dz = to.getZ() - state.origin.getZ();
+        if (dx * dx + dz * dz >= state.settings.distance() * state.settings.distance()
+                || new Vector(current.getX(), 0, current.getZ()).lengthSquared() < 1.0e-12) {
+            state.execution.finish();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean finite(Vector vector) {
+        return Double.isFinite(vector.getX()) && Double.isFinite(vector.getY()) && Double.isFinite(vector.getZ());
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(), definition.parameters().get("distance").doubleValue(),
+            definition.parameters().get("speed").doubleValue());
+    }
+    private static BigDecimal decimal(double value) { return BigDecimal.valueOf(value).stripTrailingZeros(); }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        closed = true;
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(dashes.values())) state.execution.finish();
+        dashes.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/RallyingCry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffect;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Dynamic owned party sphere for Rallying Cry movement and outgoing damage benefits. */
+public final class RallyingCry implements AbilityEffect, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double radius, Duration duration,
+                           int speedAmplifier, BigDecimal damageBonusPercent) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(duration); Objects.requireNonNull(damageBonusPercent);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(radius) || radius <= 0 || radius > 64
+                    || duration.isNegative() || duration.isZero() || duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0
+                    || speedAmplifier < 0 || speedAmplifier > 255
+                    || damageBonusPercent.signum() < 0 || damageBonusPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Rallying Cry settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(25), 8, Duration.ofSeconds(6), 0, BigDecimal.valueOf(20));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Area implements AutoCloseable {
+        final long sequence; final AbilityExecution execution; final Player source; final Settings settings;
+        final Map<UUID, Benefit> recipients = new java.util.HashMap<>(); boolean closed;
+        Area(AbilityExecution execution, Settings settings) {
+            sequence = ++sequences; this.execution = execution; source = execution.input().player(); this.settings = settings;
+        }
+        void refresh() {
+            if (closed) return;
+            if (!sourceCurrent()) { breakArea(this); return; }
+            var eligible = candidates();
+            for (var entry : List.copyOf(recipients.entrySet())) {
+                if (!eligible.containsKey(entry.getKey())) entry.getValue().close();
+            }
+            for (var entry : eligible.entrySet()) {
+                if (!recipients.containsKey(entry.getKey())) {
+                    var benefit = new Benefit(this, entry.getValue()); recipients.put(entry.getKey(), benefit);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        boolean sourceCurrent() {
+            return execution.stillCurrent() && sessions.active(source.getUniqueId())
+                .filter(active -> active.equals(execution.input().session()) && sessions.current(active)).isPresent();
+        }
+        boolean eligible(Player player) {
+            if (!sourceCurrent()) return false;
+            var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+            if (active == null || !inside(source, player, settings.radius())) return false;
+            if (player == source) return active.equals(execution.input().session());
+            var sourceParty = parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+            var recipientParty = parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+            return sourceParty != null && recipientParty != null && sourceParty.id().equals(recipientParty.id());
+        }
+        Map<UUID, Player> candidates() {
+            var result = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, Player>();
+            if (eligible(source)) result.put(source.getUniqueId(), source);
+            List<Entity> nearby;
+            try { nearby = source.getNearbyEntities(settings.radius(), settings.radius(), settings.radius()); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { nearby = List.of(); }
+            int inspected = 0;
+            for (var entity : nearby) {
+                if (++inspected > 256 || result.size() == 64) break;
+                if (entity instanceof Player player && eligible(player)) result.putIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), player);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; areas.remove(sequence, this);
+            for (var benefit : List.copyOf(recipients.values())) benefit.close(); recipients.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Benefit implements AutoCloseable {
+        final Area area; final Player player; final AutoCloseable speed; final AutoCloseable bonus; boolean closed;
+        Benefit(Area area, Player player) {
+            this.area = area; this.player = player;
+            speed = speed(player, area.settings.speedAmplifier());
+            bonus = bonuses.grant(area.execution, player, area.settings.damageBonusPercent(), () -> !closed && area.eligible(player));
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; area.recipients.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this);
+            closeResource(bonus); closeResource(speed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class SpeedGrant implements AutoCloseable {
+        final SpeedState state; final long sequence; final int amplifier; boolean closed;
+        SpeedGrant(SpeedState state, int amplifier) { this.state = state; sequence = ++speedSequences; this.amplifier = amplifier; }
+        @Override public void close() { if (closed) return; closed = true; state.grants.remove(this); state.refresh(); }
+    }
+    private final class SpeedState {
+        final Player player; final List<SpeedGrant> grants = new ArrayList<>(); PotionEffect owned;
+        SpeedState(Player player) { this.player = player; }
+        void refresh() {
+            PotionEffect current;
+            try { current = player.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SPEED); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return; }
+            if (owned != null && !same(current, owned)) owned = null;
+            SpeedGrant strongest = null;
+            for (var grant : List.copyOf(grants)) if (!grant.closed && (strongest == null
+                    || grant.amplifier > strongest.amplifier
+                    || grant.amplifier == strongest.amplifier && grant.sequence < strongest.sequence)) strongest = grant;
+            if (strongest == null) {
+                if (owned != null && same(current, owned) && !removeOwned()) return;
+                owned = null; speeds.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this); return;
+            }
+            if (owned != null && same(current, owned) && owned.getAmplifier() != strongest.amplifier) {
+                if (!removeOwned()) return;
+                current = null;
+            }
+            if (current != null && current.getAmplifier() >= strongest.amplifier) return;
+            var effect = new PotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SPEED, PotionEffect.INFINITE_DURATION,
+                strongest.amplifier, false, false, true);
+            try { if (player.addPotionEffect(effect, true)) owned = effect; }
+            catch (RuntimeException ignored) { owned = null; }
+        }
+        boolean removeOwned() {
+            try {
+                player.removePotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SPEED);
+                if (same(player.getPotionEffect(PotionEffectType.SPEED), owned)) return false;
+            } catch (RuntimeException failure) { return false; }
+            owned = null; return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final OutgoingDamageBonus bonuses;
+    private final Map<Long, Area> areas = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, SpeedState> speeds = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private long sequences; private long speedSequences;
+    private org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitTask sweepTask;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public RallyingCry(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties, OutgoingDamageBonus bonuses) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties); this.bonuses = Objects.requireNonNull(bonuses);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(plugin);
+        if (closed || sweepTask != null) throw new IllegalStateException("Rallying Cry sweep already installed or closed");
+        sweepTask = plugin.getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimer(plugin, this::sweep, 1, 1);
+    }
+    public void sweep() {
+        if (closed) return; int checked = 0;
+        for (var area : List.copyOf(areas.values())) { area.refresh(); if (++checked == 64) break; }
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(speeds.values())) state.refresh();
+    }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("rallying_cry", "Rallying Cry", Material.GOAT_HORN,
+            List.of("Grant nearby active party members Speed " + (current.speedAmplifier() + 1)
+                    + " and " + decimal(current.damageBonusPercent()) + "% combat damage.",
+                "A " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius())) + "-block sphere lasting " + seconds(current.duration()) + " seconds."),
+            "Use to rally yourself and nearby active party members; copies do not stack.",
+            Map.of(Stat.CHR, BigInteger.valueOf(16), Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("radius", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "duration-seconds", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.duration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9),
+                "speed-amplifier", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.speedAmplifier()),
+                "damage-bonus-percent", current.damageBonusPercent()), AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.AREA, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) { return !closed && input.target() == null; }
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var area = new Area(execution, from(execution.definition())); areas.put(area.sequence, area);
+        execution.own(area); area.refresh(); execution.later(area.settings.duration(), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    private AutoCloseable speed(Player player, int amplifier) {
+        var state = speeds.computeIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), ignored -> new SpeedState(player));
+        var grant = new SpeedGrant(state, amplifier); state.grants.add(grant); state.refresh(); return grant;
+    }
+    private void breakArea(Area area) { area.close(); area.execution.finish(); }
+    private static boolean inside(Player source, Player target, double radius) {
+        try { var a = source.getLocation(); var b = target.getLocation();
+            return a.getWorld() == b.getWorld() && a.distanceSquared(b) <= radius * radius;
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static boolean same(PotionEffect first, PotionEffect second) {
+        return first != null && second != null && first.getType().equals(second.getType())
+            && first.getAmplifier() == second.getAmplifier() && first.isInfinite() && second.isInfinite();
+    }
+    private static void closeResource(AutoCloseable resource) {
+        try { resource.close(); } catch (Exception impossible) { throw new IllegalStateException(impossible); }
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var parameters = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(), parameters.get("radius").doubleValue(),
+            Duration.ofNanos(parameters.get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),
+            parameters.get("speed-amplifier").intValueExact(), parameters.get("damage-bonus-percent"));
+    }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+    private static String seconds(Duration duration) {
+        return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9));
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true; if (sweepTask != null) sweepTask.cancel();
+        for (var area : List.copyOf(areas.values())) area.execution.finish(); areas.clear();
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(speeds.values())) { state.grants.clear(); state.refresh(); }
+        speeds.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Revive.java

@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.items.CharacterSheets;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.items.TailBooks;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.RevivalStore;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.inventory.Inventory;
+import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
+
+/** Revive target selection, contained popup and proof-based Tail conversion. */
+public final class Revive implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public interface PopupFactory { Inventory create(int size, Component title); }
+    private static final Duration DEATH_AGE = Duration.ofHours(24);
+    private static final Duration VIEW_TIME = Duration.ofMinutes(5);
+    private static final double RANGE = 12;
+    private record Candidate(int slot, ItemStack captured, TailBooks.Identity identity) { }
+    private record Choice(Candidate candidate, CharacterRecord record) { }
+
+    private final CharacterStorage characters;
+    private final RevivalStore reservations;
+    private final Clock clock;
+    private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final PopupFactory popups;
+    private final Consumer<Throwable> failures;
+    private final TailBooks tails = new TailBooks();
+    private final CharacterSheets sheets = new CharacterSheets();
+    private final Map<Inventory, View> inventories = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, View> targets = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    private final class View implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution;
+        final Player target;
+        final Inventory inventory;
+        final Map<Integer, Choice> choices;
+        boolean selecting;
+        boolean finished;
+        View(AbilityExecution execution, Player target, Inventory inventory, Map<Integer, Choice> choices) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.target = target; this.inventory = inventory; this.choices = choices;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (finished) return;
+            finished = true;
+            inventories.remove(inventory, this); targets.remove(target.getUniqueId(), this);
+            inventory.clear();
+            try { target.closeInventory(); } catch (RuntimeException failure) { report(failure); }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Revive(CharacterStorage characters, RevivalStore reservations, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,
+                  PopupFactory popups, Consumer<Throwable> failures) {
+        this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters); this.reservations = Objects.requireNonNull(reservations);
+        this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
+        this.popups = Objects.requireNonNull(popups); this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
+    }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        return new AbilityDefinition("revive", "Revive", Material.ECHO_SHARD,
+            List.of("Let another player continue one fallen character.", "A valid cast spends the daily opportunity."),
+            "Use the equipped shard while aiming at another player within 12 blocks.",
+            Map.of(Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(30), Stat.CHR, BigInteger.valueOf(24), Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12)),
+            BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.HEAL, AbilityDefinition.Activation.SELECTION, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, Duration.ofHours(24),
+            Map.of("range", BigDecimal.valueOf(12), "selection-time", BigDecimal.valueOf(300),
+                "death-age", BigDecimal.valueOf(86400)),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.EXCEPTIONAL_NONCOMBAT_SELECTION, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) { return !closed && target(input) != null; }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        Player target = target(execution.input());
+        if (target == null) {
+            execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive found no eligible player within 12 blocks and line of sight.");
+            execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        var captured = candidates(target);
+        if (captured.isEmpty()) {
+            execution.input().player().sendMessage("That player has no direct-inventory Tail eligible for Revive.");
+            execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        var loads = captured.stream().map(candidate -> characters.find(candidate.identity().characterId())).toList();
+        CompletableFuture.allOf(loads.toArray(CompletableFuture[]::new)).whenComplete((ignored, failure) -> schedule(() -> {
+            if (failure != null) { report(failure); execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive could not inspect those Tails safely."); execution.finish(); return; }
+            if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent() || !target.isOnline()) { execution.finish(); return; }
+            var eligible = new ArrayList<Choice>();
+            Instant now = clock.instant();
+            for (int index = 0; index < captured.size(); index++) {
+                var found = loads.get(index).join();
+                if (found.isEmpty()) continue;
+                var record = found.orElseThrow();
+                var candidate = captured.get(index);
+                if (eligible(record, candidate.identity(), now) && unchanged(target, candidate)) eligible.add(new Choice(candidate, record));
+            }
+            if (eligible.isEmpty()) {
+                execution.input().player().sendMessage("That player has no current Tail younger than 24 hours.");
+                execution.finish(); return;
+            }
+            open(execution, target, eligible, now);
+        }));
+    }
+
+    private Player target(ControlInput input) {
+        Player caster = input.player();
+        Entity supplied = input.target();
+        Player selected = supplied instanceof Player player ? player : null;
+        if (selected == null) {
+            Location eye = caster.getEyeLocation();
+            var hit = caster.getWorld().rayTraceEntities(eye, eye.getDirection(), RANGE,
+                entity -> entity instanceof Player && entity != caster);
+            if (hit != null && hit.getHitEntity() instanceof Player player) selected = player;
+        }
+        if (selected == null || selected == caster || !selected.isOnline() || selected.getWorld() != caster.getWorld()
+                || selected.getLocation().distanceSquared(caster.getLocation()) > RANGE * RANGE
+                || !caster.hasLineOfSight(selected)) return null;
+        return selected;
+    }
+
+    private List<Candidate> candidates(Player target) {
+        var result = new ArrayList<Candidate>();
+        for (int slot = 0; slot <= 40; slot++) {
+            if (slot > 35 && slot != 40) continue;
+            ItemStack item = target.getInventory().getItem(slot);
+            if (item == null || item.isEmpty()) continue;
+            var identity = tails.identify(item);
+            if (identity.isPresent()) result.add(new Candidate(slot, item.clone(), identity.orElseThrow()));
+        }
+        return List.copyOf(result);
+    }
+
+    private boolean eligible(CharacterRecord record, TailBooks.Identity identity, Instant now) {
+        if (!record.dead() || !record.id().equals(identity.characterId()) || !Objects.equals(record.deathId(), identity.deathId())) return false;
+        Duration age = Duration.between(record.diedAt(), now);
+        return !age.isNegative() && age.compareTo(DEATH_AGE) < 0;
+    }
+
+    private boolean unchanged(Player target, Candidate candidate) {
+        ItemStack current = target.getInventory().getItem(candidate.slot());
+        return current != null && current.equals(candidate.captured());
+    }
+
+    private void open(AbilityExecution execution, Player target, List<Choice> eligible, Instant now) {
+        View old = targets.get(target.getUniqueId()); if (old != null) old.execution.finish();
+        int size = Math.min(54, Math.max(9, ((eligible.size() + 8) / 9) * 9));
+        Inventory inventory = popups.create(size, Component.text("Choose a Tail to Revive"));
+        var choices = new LinkedHashMap<Integer, Choice>();
+        for (int index = 0; index < eligible.size() && index < size; index++) {
+            Choice choice = eligible.get(index); ItemStack display = choice.candidate().captured().clone(); display.setAmount(1);
+            var meta = display.getItemMeta();
+            long seconds = Math.max(0, Duration.between(now, choice.record().diedAt().plus(DEATH_AGE)).toSeconds());
+            meta.lore(List.of(Component.text("Level " + choice.record().level()),
+                Component.text("Eligible for " + seconds + " more seconds"), Component.text("Click to continue this character")));
+            display.setItemMeta(meta); inventory.setItem(index, display); choices.put(index, choice);
+        }
+        var view = new View(execution, target, inventory, Map.copyOf(choices));
+        inventories.put(inventory, view); targets.put(target.getUniqueId(), view); execution.own(view);
+        target.openInventory(inventory);
+        execution.later(VIEW_TIME, execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void click(org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryClickEvent event) {
+        var view = inventories.get(event.getView().getTopInventory());
+        if (view == null) return;
+        event.setCancelled(true);
+        if (event.getWhoClicked() != view.target || event.getRawSlot() < 0 || event.getRawSlot() >= view.inventory.getSize()) return;
+        Choice choice = view.choices.get(event.getRawSlot());
+        if (choice == null || view.selecting) return;
+        view.selecting = true; inventories.remove(view.inventory, view); targets.remove(view.target.getUniqueId(), view);
+        view.inventory.clear(); view.target.closeInventory();
+        confirm(view, choice);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void drag(org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryDragEvent event) {
+        var view = inventories.get(event.getView().getTopInventory());
+        if (view != null && event.getRawSlots().stream().anyMatch(slot -> slot < view.inventory.getSize())) event.setCancelled(true);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void close(org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryCloseEvent event) {
+        var view = inventories.get(event.getView().getTopInventory());
+        if (view != null && !view.selecting) view.execution.finish();
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void quit(org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerQuitEvent event) {
+        var targetView = targets.get(event.getPlayer().getUniqueId()); if (targetView != null) targetView.execution.finish();
+        for (var view : List.copyOf(inventories.values())) {
+            if (view.execution.input().player() == event.getPlayer()) view.execution.finish();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void join(org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerJoinEvent event) { reconcile(event.getPlayer()); }
+
+    private void confirm(View view, Choice choice) {
+        if (closed || !view.execution.stillCurrent() || !view.target.isOnline() || !unchanged(view.target, choice.candidate())) {
+            view.execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        characters.find(choice.record().id()).whenComplete((found, failure) -> schedule(() -> {
+            if (failure != null) { report(failure); view.execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive could not recheck that Tail; no item changed."); view.execution.finish(); return; }
+            if (closed || !view.execution.stillCurrent() || !view.target.isOnline() || found.isEmpty()
+                    || !eligible(found.orElseThrow(), choice.candidate().identity(), clock.instant())
+                    || !unchanged(view.target, choice.candidate())) {
+                view.execution.input().player().sendMessage("That Tail is no longer eligible; no item changed.");
+                view.execution.finish(); return;
+            }
+            reserve(view, choice.candidate(), found.orElseThrow());
+        }));
+    }
+
+    private void reserve(View view, Candidate candidate, CharacterRecord dead) {
+        ItemStack source = view.target.getInventory().getItem(candidate.slot());
+        int destination = source.getAmount() == 1 ? -1 : emptyDirectSlot(view.target, candidate.slot());
+        if (source.getAmount() > 1 && destination < 0) {
+            view.target.sendMessage("Revive needs one empty direct inventory slot to preserve the copied Tails.");
+            view.execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        var reservation = new RevivalStore.Reservation(UUID.randomUUID(), view.execution.character().id(),
+            view.target.getUniqueId(), dead.id(), dead.deathId(), clock.instant().truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS),
+            candidate.slot(), source.getAmount(), destination);
+        reservations.reserve(reservation).whenComplete((reserved, failure) -> schedule(() -> {
+            if (failure != null) { report(failure); view.execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive reservation could not be saved; no Tail changed."); view.execution.finish(); return; }
+            if (reserved.isEmpty() || closed || !view.execution.stillCurrent() || !view.target.isOnline()
+                    || !unchanged(view.target, candidate)) {
+                view.execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive selection became stale after reservation; no Tail was changed.");
+                view.execution.finish(); return;
+            }
+            deliver(view, dead, reservation);
+        }));
+    }
+
+    private int emptyDirectSlot(Player target, int source) {
+        for (int slot = 0; slot <= 40; slot++) {
+            if (slot > 35 && slot != 40 || slot == source) continue;
+            ItemStack item = target.getInventory().getItem(slot);
+            if (item == null || item.isEmpty()) return slot;
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    private void deliver(View view, CharacterRecord dead, RevivalStore.Reservation reservation) {
+        try {
+            var provisional = new CharacterRecord(dead.id(), dead.name(), dead.revision(), dead.stats(), dead.level(), dead.experience(),
+                dead.unspentPoints(), dead.maximumHealth(), dead.learned(), dead.loadout(), dead.passives(), dead.cooldowns(), dead.restrictedKills(),
+                false, dead.deathId(), dead.diedAt());
+            ItemStack sheet = sheets.create(provisional);
+            ItemStack source = view.target.getInventory().getItem(reservation.sourceSlot());
+            if (reservation.sourceAmount() == 1) view.target.getInventory().setItem(reservation.sourceSlot(), sheet);
+            else {
+                view.target.getInventory().setItem(reservation.destinationSlot(), sheet);
+                var remaining = source.clone(); remaining.setAmount(reservation.sourceAmount() - 1);
+                view.target.getInventory().setItem(reservation.sourceSlot(), remaining);
+            }
+            view.target.updateInventory();
+        } catch (RuntimeException uncertain) {
+            report(uncertain); view.target.sendMessage("Revive item delivery is uncertain; retained proof requires recovery.");
+            view.execution.finish(); return;
+        }
+        var nativeLimit = games.dmg.fantasystick.session.NativeHealthLimit.read();
+        characters.restoreDeathRecord(reservation.character(), reservation.death(), nativeLimit)
+            .whenComplete((restored, failure) -> schedule(() -> {
+                if (failure != null || restored.isEmpty()) {
+                    if (failure != null) report(failure);
+                    view.target.sendMessage("The Tail changed, but character restoration is pending recovery; do not move the sheet.");
+                    view.execution.finish(); return;
+                }
+                if (installFinalSheet(view.target, restored.orElseThrow())) {
+                    reservations.clear(reservation.character(), reservation.id()).exceptionally(failure2 -> { report(failure2); return false; });
+                    view.target.sendMessage("Restored character sheet: " + restored.orElseThrow().name() + ".");
+                    view.execution.input().player().sendMessage("Revive restored " + restored.orElseThrow().name() + ".");
+                } else view.target.sendMessage("Character restoration was saved, but sheet custody is ambiguous; retained proof requires recovery.");
+                view.execution.finish();
+            }));
+    }
+
+    private boolean installFinalSheet(Player target, CharacterRecord record) {
+        int slot = uniqueSheetSlot(target, record.id());
+        if (slot < 0) return false;
+        target.getInventory().setItem(slot, sheets.create(record)); target.updateInventory(); return true;
+    }
+
+    private int uniqueSheetSlot(Player target, UUID character) {
+        int found = -1;
+        for (int slot = 0; slot <= 40; slot++) {
+            if (slot > 35 && slot != 40) continue;
+            if (sheets.identify(target.getInventory().getItem(slot)).filter(character::equals).isEmpty()) continue;
+            if (found >= 0) return -2;
+            found = slot;
+        }
+        return found;
+    }
+
+    public void reconcile(Player target) {
+        if (closed || !target.isOnline()) return;
+        reservations.target(target.getUniqueId()).whenComplete((found, failure) -> {
+            if (failure != null) { report(failure); return; }
+            for (var reservation : found) characters.find(reservation.character()).whenComplete((record, loadFailure) -> schedule(() -> {
+                if (loadFailure != null) { report(loadFailure); return; }
+                if (closed || !target.isOnline() || record.isEmpty()) return;
+                reconcile(target, reservation, record.orElseThrow());
+            }));
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void reconcile(Player target, RevivalStore.Reservation reservation, CharacterRecord record) {
+        int foundSheet = uniqueSheetSlot(target, reservation.character());
+        boolean hasSheet = foundSheet >= 0;
+        ItemStack source = target.getInventory().getItem(reservation.sourceSlot());
+        boolean unchangedTail = source != null && source.getAmount() == reservation.sourceAmount()
+            && tails.identify(source).filter(id -> id.characterId().equals(reservation.character()) && id.deathId().equals(reservation.death())).isPresent();
+        boolean consumedTail = reservation.sourceAmount() == 1 ? hasSheet
+            : source != null && source.getAmount() == reservation.sourceAmount() - 1
+                && tails.identify(source).filter(id -> id.deathId().equals(reservation.death())).isPresent();
+        if (!record.dead() && hasSheet && installFinalSheet(target, record)) {
+            reservations.clear(reservation.character(), reservation.id()); return;
+        }
+        if (record.dead() && unchangedTail && !hasSheet) {
+            reservations.clear(reservation.character(), reservation.id()); return;
+        }
+        if (record.dead() && hasSheet && (consumedTail || unchangedTail && reservation.sourceAmount() > 1)) {
+            if (unchangedTail && reservation.sourceAmount() > 1) {
+                var remaining = source.clone(); remaining.setAmount(source.getAmount() - 1);
+                target.getInventory().setItem(reservation.sourceSlot(), remaining); target.updateInventory();
+            }
+            var nativeLimit = games.dmg.fantasystick.session.NativeHealthLimit.read();
+            (reservation.administrative()
+                ? characters.restoreDeathRecordAdministratively(reservation.character(), reservation.death(), nativeLimit)
+                : characters.restoreDeathRecord(reservation.character(), reservation.death(), nativeLimit))
+                .whenComplete((restored, failure) -> schedule(() -> {
+                    if (failure != null) { report(failure); return; }
+                    if (restored.isPresent() && installFinalSheet(target, restored.orElseThrow())) {
+                        reservations.clear(reservation.character(), reservation.id());
+                    }
+                }));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void schedule(Runnable action) {
+        try { nextTick.accept(action); } catch (RuntimeException rejected) { report(rejected); }
+    }
+    private void report(Throwable failure) { try { failures.accept(failure); } catch (RuntimeException ignored) { } }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true;
+        for (var view : List.copyOf(inventories.values())) view.execution.finish();
+        inventories.clear(); targets.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/Sanctuary.java

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.Particle;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.Attribute;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityRegainHealthEvent;
+
+/** Fixed bounded Sanctuary cylinder with delayed healing pulses and dynamic strongest mitigation. */
+public final class Sanctuary implements AbilityEffect, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double radius, double verticalRange, Duration duration,
+                           Duration pulseInterval, BigDecimal healingPerPulse, BigDecimal damageReductionPercent) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(duration); Objects.requireNonNull(pulseInterval);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(healingPerPulse); Objects.requireNonNull(damageReductionPercent);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(radius) || radius <= 0 || radius > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(verticalRange) || verticalRange < 0 || verticalRange > 64
+                    || duration.isZero() || duration.isNegative() || duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0
+                    || pulseInterval.isZero() || pulseInterval.isNegative() || pulseInterval.compareTo(duration) > 0
+                    || duration.toNanos() / pulseInterval.toNanos() > 64
+                    || healingPerPulse.signum() < 0 || healingPerPulse.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE)) > 0
+                    || damageReductionPercent.signum() < 0 || damageReductionPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Sanctuary settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(45), 6, 3, Duration.ofSeconds(6), Duration.ofSeconds(1),
+                BigDecimal.valueOf(2), BigDecimal.valueOf(20));
+        }
+    }
+    private record Target(Player player, EquipmentSessions.Active active, CharacterRecord record) { }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final Player source;
+        final Location origin; final Settings captured; final Map<UUID, AutoCloseable> mitigation = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        Duration elapsed = Duration.ZERO; Duration nextPulse; final Duration scanPeriod;
+        int pending; boolean expired; boolean closed;
+        State(AbilityExecution execution, Settings captured) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.source = execution.input().player(); this.origin = source.getLocation().clone();
+            this.captured = captured; this.nextPulse = captured.pulseInterval();
+            long period = Math.max(50_000_000L, (captured.duration().toNanos() + 59) / 60);
+            this.scanPeriod = Duration.ofNanos(period);
+        }
+        void start() { states.add(this); execution.own(this); reconcile(); visual(); schedule(); }
+        void schedule() {
+            if (closed || expired) return;
+            Duration remaining = captured.duration().minus(elapsed);
+            execution.later(remaining.compareTo(scanPeriod) < 0 ? remaining : scanPeriod, this::step);
+        }
+        void step() {
+            if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) { execution.finish(); return; }
+            Duration remaining = captured.duration().minus(elapsed);
+            elapsed = elapsed.plus(remaining.compareTo(scanPeriod) < 0 ? remaining : scanPeriod);
+            reconcile(); visual();
+            while (nextPulse.compareTo(elapsed) <= 0 && nextPulse.compareTo(captured.duration()) <= 0) {
+                pulse(); nextPulse = nextPulse.plus(captured.pulseInterval());
+            }
+            if (elapsed.compareTo(captured.duration()) >= 0) {
+                expired = true; closeMitigation(); if (pending == 0) execution.finish();
+            } else schedule();
+        }
+        void reconcile() {
+            var eligible = recipients();
+            for (var entry : List.copyOf(mitigation.entrySet())) {
+                if (eligible.stream().noneMatch(player -> player.getUniqueId().equals(entry.getKey()))) {
+                    try { entry.getValue().close(); } catch (Exception ignored) { } mitigation.remove(entry.getKey());
+                }
+            }
+            for (var player : eligible) mitigation.computeIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), ignored ->
+                combatMitigation.grant(execution, player, captured.damageReductionPercent(), () -> recipientCurrent(player)));
+        }
+        void pulse() {
+            for (var player : recipients()) if (owner(player) == this) heal(player);
+        }
+        void heal(Player player) {
+            var target = target(player); if (target == null) return;
+            var attribute = player.getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH); if (attribute == null) return;
+            double current = player.getHealth(), maximum = attribute.getValue(), missing = maximum - current;
+            double proposed = Math.min(missing, captured.healingPerPulse().doubleValue());
+            if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || !Double.isFinite(proposed) || proposed <= 0) return;
+            var event = new EntityRegainHealthEvent(player, proposed, EntityRegainHealthEvent.RegainReason.CUSTOM);
+            healingEvents.accept(event); double accepted = Math.min(proposed, Math.min(missing, event.getAmount()));
+            if (event.isCancelled() || !Double.isFinite(accepted) || accepted <= 0) return;
+            pending++; var expected = target.record().revision();
+            characters.saveHealth(target.record().id(), expected, BigDecimal.valueOf(current + accepted), nativeLimit.get())
+                .whenComplete((saved, failure) -> {
+                    try { nextTick.accept(() -> completeHeal(this, target, expected, accepted, saved, failure)); }
+                    catch (RuntimeException rejected) { completePending(this); }
+                });
+        }
+        List<Player> recipients() {
+            List<Entity> nearby;
+            try { nearby = new ArrayList<>(source.getWorld().getNearbyEntities(origin,
+                captured.radius(), captured.verticalRange(), captured.radius())); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { nearby = new ArrayList<>(); }
+            nearby.addFirst(source); var unique = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, Player>(); int inspected = 0;
+            for (var entity : nearby) {
+                if (++inspected > 256) break;
+                if (entity instanceof Player player && recipientCurrent(player)) unique.putIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), player);
+            }
+            var result = new ArrayList<>(unique.values());
+            result.sort(Comparator.comparingDouble((Player player) -> distance(origin, player)).thenComparing(Player::getUniqueId));
+            return result.size() <= 64 ? result : new ArrayList<>(result.subList(0, 64));
+        }
+        boolean recipientCurrent(Player player) {
+            if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent() || !inside(origin, player, captured.radius(), captured.verticalRange())
+                    || !unobstructed(origin, player)) return false;
+            if (player == source) return sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current)
+                .map(active -> active.equals(execution.input().session())).orElse(false);
+            var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+            return active != null && sameParty(source, player);
+        }
+        Target target(Player player) {
+            var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+            var record = active == null ? null : sessions.currentRecord(active).orElse(null);
+            return record == null ? null : new Target(player, active, record);
+        }
+        void visual() {
+            try { source.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.END_ROD, origin, 12,
+                captured.radius() / 2, 0.1, captured.radius() / 2, 0); } catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+        }
+        void closeMitigation() {
+            for (var grant : List.copyOf(mitigation.values())) try { grant.close(); } catch (Exception ignored) { }
+            mitigation.clear();
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; expired = true; states.remove(this); closeMitigation();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final CharacterStorage characters; private final EquipmentSessions sessions; private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final CombatMitigation combatMitigation; private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents; private final Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit;
+    private final Consumer<MendingLight.Support> supports; private final List<State> states = new ArrayList<>();
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public Sanctuary(Settings settings, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties,
+                      CombatMitigation combatMitigation, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,
+                      Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents, Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit,
+                      Consumer<MendingLight.Support> supports) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties);
+        this.combatMitigation = Objects.requireNonNull(combatMitigation); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
+        this.healingEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(healingEvents); this.nativeLimit = Objects.requireNonNull(nativeLimit);
+        this.supports = Objects.requireNonNull(supports);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("sanctuary", "Sanctuary", Material.SEA_LANTERN,
+            List.of("Create a fixed " + decimal(current.radius()) + "-block sanctuary for " + seconds(current.duration()) + " seconds.",
+                "Party members inside heal " + decimal(current.healingPerPulse()) + " each second and take "
+                    + decimal(current.damageReductionPercent()) + "% less combat damage."),
+            "Use to hold exposed ground; healing starts after one second and the area does not follow you.",
+            Map.of(Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(24), Stat.CHR, BigInteger.valueOf(20), Stat.CON, BigInteger.TEN), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.HEAL,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("radius", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "vertical-range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.verticalRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "duration-seconds", nanos(current.duration()), "pulse-interval-seconds", nanos(current.pulseInterval()),
+                "healing-per-pulse", current.healingPerPulse(), "damage-reduction-percent", current.damageReductionPercent()),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.AREA, this);
+    }
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) { return !closed && input.target() == null; }
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return; new State(execution, from(execution.definition())).start();
+    }
+
+    private void completeHeal(State state, Target target, BigInteger expected, double accepted,
+                              java.util.Optional<CharacterRecord> saved, Throwable failure) {
+        try {
+            if (failure != null || saved == null || saved.isEmpty() || !state.execution.stillCurrent()
+                    || !state.recipientCurrent(target.player())) return;
+            var persisted = saved.orElseThrow();
+            if (!sessions.acknowledgeProgress(target.active(), expected, persisted)) return;
+            var attribute = target.player().getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH); if (attribute == null) return;
+            double current = target.player().getHealth(), maximum = attribute.getValue();
+            double desired = Math.min(maximum, persisted.health().doubleValue()); double restored = Math.min(accepted, desired - current);
+            if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || !Double.isFinite(restored) || restored <= 0) return;
+            target.player().setHealth(Math.min(maximum, current + restored));
+            state.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.HEALING, target.player(),
+                BigDecimal.valueOf(restored).stripTrailingZeros());
+            if (target.player() != state.source) supports.accept(new MendingLight.Support(
+                state.execution.input().session().character(), target.active(), BigDecimal.valueOf(restored).stripTrailingZeros()));
+        } finally { completePending(state); }
+    }
+    private static void completePending(State state) {
+        if (state.pending > 0) state.pending--; if (state.expired && state.pending == 0) state.execution.finish();
+    }
+    private State owner(Player player) {
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(states)) if (!state.expired
+                && state.mitigation.containsKey(player.getUniqueId())) return state;
+        return null;
+    }
+    private boolean sameParty(Player source, Player target) {
+        var party = parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+        return party != null && party.members().contains(target.getUniqueId());
+    }
+    private static boolean inside(Location origin, Player player, double radius, double vertical) {
+        try { var at = player.getLocation(); if (origin.getWorld() != at.getWorld()) return false;
+            double dx = at.getX() - origin.getX(), dz = at.getZ() - origin.getZ();
+            return dx * dx + dz * dz <= radius * radius && Math.abs(at.getY() - origin.getY()) <= vertical;
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static boolean unobstructed(Location origin, Player player) {
+        try { var world = origin.getWorld(); if (world == null) return false; var box = player.getBoundingBox();
+            var center = box.getCenter(); var offset = center.clone().subtract(origin.toVector()); double distance = offset.length();
+            if (!Double.isFinite(distance) || distance == 0) return distance == 0;
+            return world.rayTraceBlocks(origin, offset.multiply(1 / distance), distance, org.bukkit.FluidCollisionMode.NEVER, true) == null;
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static double distance(Location origin, Player player) {
+        try { var at = player.getLocation(); if (origin.getWorld() != at.getWorld()) return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+            double dx = at.getX() - origin.getX(), dz = at.getZ() - origin.getZ(); return dx * dx + dz * dz;
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY; }
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) { var p = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(), p.get("radius").doubleValue(), p.get("vertical-range").doubleValue(),
+            duration(p.get("duration-seconds")), duration(p.get("pulse-interval-seconds")),
+            p.get("healing-per-pulse"), p.get("damage-reduction-percent")); }
+    private static Duration duration(BigDecimal seconds) { return Duration.ofNanos(seconds.movePointRight(9).longValueExact()); }
+    private static BigDecimal nanos(Duration value) { return BigDecimal.valueOf(value.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9); }
+    private static String seconds(Duration value) { return decimal(nanos(value)); }
+    private static String decimal(double value) { return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(value)); }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true; for (var state : List.copyOf(states)) { state.close(); state.execution.finish(); } states.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/SecondWind.java

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.Attribute;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityRegainHealthEvent;
+
+/** Second Wind's validated persist-before-publication self-heal. */
+public final class SecondWind implements AbilityEffect {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseHealing, Duration cooldown) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseHealing); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);
+            if (baseHealing.signum() < 0 || baseHealing.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE).toBigInteger()) > 0
+                    || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Second Wind settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(6), Duration.ofSeconds(15)); }
+    }
+
+    private final CharacterStorage characters;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents;
+    private final Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit;
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+
+    public SecondWind(Settings settings, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+                      Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents,
+                      Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
+        this.healingEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(healingEvents); this.nativeLimit = Objects.requireNonNull(nativeLimit);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("second_wind", "Second Wind", Material.GHAST_TEAR,
+            List.of("Restore missing fantasy health.",
+                "Heals " + current.baseHealing() + " + WIS modifier, capped at maximum health."),
+            "Use while injured; full health refuses without spending cooldown.",
+            Map.of(Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12), Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.HEAL,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-healing", new BigDecimal(current.baseHealing())),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.SELF, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        double health = input.player().getHealth();
+        var attribute = input.player().getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+        return attribute != null && Double.isFinite(health) && health >= 0
+            && Double.isFinite(attribute.getValue()) && health < attribute.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger healing(BigInteger wisdom) { return healing(BigInteger.valueOf(6), wisdom); }
+    static BigInteger healing(BigInteger base, BigInteger wisdom) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(wisdom);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || wisdom.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Second Wind healing input");
+        BigInteger delta = wisdom.subtract(BigInteger.TEN); BigInteger[] divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        BigInteger modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (!execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var definition = execution.definition();
+        BigInteger base = definition.parameters().get("base-healing").toBigIntegerExact();
+        var player = execution.input().player();
+        var attribute = player.getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+        if (attribute == null) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        double current = player.getHealth(); double maximum = attribute.getValue();
+        double missing = maximum - current;
+        if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || missing <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        BigInteger exact = healing(base, execution.character().stats().get(Stat.WIS));
+        double proposed = exact.bitLength() > 1023 ? missing : Math.min(missing, exact.doubleValue());
+        if (!Double.isFinite(proposed) || proposed <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var event = new EntityRegainHealthEvent(player, proposed, EntityRegainHealthEvent.RegainReason.CUSTOM);
+        healingEvents.accept(event);
+        double accepted = Math.min(missing, event.getAmount());
+        if (event.isCancelled() || !Double.isFinite(accepted) || accepted <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var record = execution.character(); var expected = record.revision();
+        BigDecimal target = BigDecimal.valueOf(current + accepted);
+        BigDecimal limit = nativeLimit.get();
+        characters.saveHealth(record.id(), expected, target, limit).whenComplete((saved, failure) -> {
+            try {
+                nextTick.accept(() -> {
+                    try {
+                        if (failure != null || saved == null || saved.isEmpty() || !execution.stillCurrent()) {
+                            player.sendMessage("Second Wind health could not be saved; no healing was applied."); return;
+                        }
+                        var persisted = saved.orElseThrow();
+                        if (!sessions.acknowledgeProgress(execution.input().session(), expected, persisted)) {
+                            player.sendMessage("Second Wind was saved, but the session changed; no native healing was applied."); return;
+                        }
+                        double nativeBefore = player.getHealth();
+                        double publish = Math.min(attribute.getValue(), Math.max(nativeBefore, persisted.health().doubleValue()));
+                        player.setHealth(publish);
+                        double restored = publish - nativeBefore;
+                        if (Double.isFinite(restored) && restored > 0) execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.HEALING,
+                            player, BigDecimal.valueOf(restored).stripTrailingZeros());
+                    } finally { execution.finish(); }
+                });
+            } catch (RuntimeException rejected) { execution.finish(); }
+        });
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/ShieldBash.java

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageSource;
+import org.bukkit.damage.DamageType;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerVelocityEvent;
+import org.bukkit.util.Vector;
+
+/** Shield Bash's contained short-range custom strike and post-damage knockback. */
+public final class ShieldBash implements AbilityEffect, Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(BigInteger baseDamage, Duration cooldown, double range,
+                           double horizontalKnockback, double minimumVerticalKnockback) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(baseDamage); Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown);
+            if (baseDamage.signum() < 0 || cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(range) || range <= 0 || range > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(horizontalKnockback) || horizontalKnockback < 0 || horizontalKnockback > 8
+                    || !Double.isFinite(minimumVerticalKnockback) || minimumVerticalKnockback < 0
+                    || minimumVerticalKnockback > 8) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Shield Bash settings");
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(BigInteger.valueOf(4), Duration.ofSeconds(3), 3, 0.8, 0.35);
+        }
+    }
+    private static final class Attempt {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final LivingEntity target; final Settings settings; boolean accepted;
+        Attempt(AbilityExecution execution, LivingEntity target, Settings settings) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.target = target; this.settings = settings;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final Consumer<PlayerVelocityEvent> velocityEvents;
+    private Attempt damaging;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public ShieldBash(Settings settings, Consumer<PlayerVelocityEvent> velocityEvents) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.velocityEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(velocityEvents);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("shield_bash", "Shield Bash", Material.SHIELD,
+            List.of("Strike within " + decimal(current.range()) + " blocks for " + current.baseDamage() + " + STR modifier damage.",
+                "Accepted damage adds knockback; this shield never enables ordinary blocking."),
+            "Attack a visible hostile at short range.", Map.of(Stat.STR, BigInteger.valueOf(12), Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12)),
+            BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.ATK, AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.ATTACK, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("base-damage", new BigDecimal(current.baseDamage()), "range", decimalValue(current.range()),
+                "horizontal-knockback", decimalValue(current.horizontalKnockback()),
+                "minimum-vertical-knockback", decimalValue(current.minimumVerticalKnockback())),
+            AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.HOSTILE, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        return !closed && input.target() instanceof LivingEntity target && inRange(input.player(), target, settings.range());
+    }
+
+    public static BigInteger damage(BigInteger strength) { return damage(BigInteger.valueOf(4), strength); }
+    static BigInteger damage(BigInteger base, BigInteger strength) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(base); Objects.requireNonNull(strength);
+        if (base.signum() < 0 || strength.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Shield Bash damage input");
+        var delta = strength.subtract(BigInteger.TEN); var divided = delta.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.TWO);
+        var modifier = divided[0];
+        if (delta.signum() < 0 && divided[1].signum() != 0) modifier = modifier.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+        return base.add(modifier);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent() || !(execution.input().target() instanceof LivingEntity target)) return;
+        var current = from(execution.definition()); var player = execution.input().player();
+        if (!inRange(player, target, current.range())) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var exact = damage(current.baseDamage(), execution.character().stats().get(Stat.STR));
+        double amount = exact.bitLength() > 1023 ? Double.MAX_VALUE : exact.doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(amount) || amount <= 0) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var source = DamageSource.builder(DamageType.PLAYER_ATTACK).withCausingEntity(player).withDirectEntity(player).build();
+        var attempt = new Attempt(execution, target, current); damaging = attempt;
+        try { execution.damage(target, amount, source); }
+        finally { if (damaging == attempt) damaging = null; execution.finish(); }
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
+        var attempt = damaging;
+        if (closed || attempt == null || attempt.accepted || event.isCancelled() || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0
+                || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage()) || event.getDamager() != attempt.execution.input().player()
+                || event.getEntity() != attempt.target || !attempt.execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        attempt.accepted = true;
+        attempt.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, event.getEntity(),
+            BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()).stripTrailingZeros());
+        knockback(attempt);
+    }
+
+    private void knockback(Attempt attempt) {
+        var player = attempt.execution.input().player(); var target = attempt.target;
+        Vector away = target.getLocation().toVector().subtract(player.getLocation().toVector()); away.setY(0);
+        if (!finite(away) || away.lengthSquared() < 1.0e-12) return;
+        Vector current = target.getVelocity();
+        Vector proposed = current.clone().add(away.normalize().multiply(attempt.settings.horizontalKnockback()));
+        proposed.setY(Math.max(current.getY(), attempt.settings.minimumVerticalKnockback()));
+        if (!finite(proposed)) return;
+        if (target instanceof Player targetPlayer) {
+            var event = new PlayerVelocityEvent(targetPlayer, proposed.clone()); velocityEvents.accept(event);
+            if (event.isCancelled() || !finite(event.getVelocity())) return;
+            proposed = event.getVelocity().clone();
+        }
+        target.setVelocity(proposed);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean inRange(Player player, LivingEntity target, double range) {
+        try {
+            Location source = player.getLocation(); Location destination = target.getLocation();
+            return source.getWorld() == destination.getWorld() && source.distanceSquared(destination) <= range * range
+                && player.hasLineOfSight(target);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static boolean finite(Vector value) {
+        return Double.isFinite(value.getX()) && Double.isFinite(value.getY()) && Double.isFinite(value.getZ());
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        var p = definition.parameters();
+        return new Settings(p.get("base-damage").toBigIntegerExact(), definition.cooldown(), p.get("range").doubleValue(),
+            p.get("horizontal-knockback").doubleValue(), p.get("minimum-vertical-knockback").doubleValue());
+    }
+    private static BigDecimal decimalValue(double value) { return BigDecimal.valueOf(value).stripTrailingZeros(); }
+    private static String decimal(double value) { return decimalValue(value).toPlainString(); }
+    @Override public void close() { closed = true; damaging = null; }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/StoneSkin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+
+/** Stone Skin's captured, owned grant into the shared strongest-reduction stage. */
+public final class StoneSkin implements AbilityEffect, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, Duration duration, BigDecimal reductionPercent) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(duration); Objects.requireNonNull(reductionPercent);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || duration.isNegative() || duration.isZero() || duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0
+                    || reductionPercent.signum() < 0 || reductionPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Stone Skin settings");
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(14), Duration.ofSeconds(4), BigDecimal.valueOf(25));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class State implements AutoCloseable {
+        final AbilityExecution execution; final Player player; final AutoCloseable grant; boolean closed;
+        State(AbilityExecution execution, Player player, AutoCloseable grant) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.player = player; this.grant = grant;
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; protections.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this);
+            try { grant.close(); } catch (Exception impossible) { throw new IllegalStateException(impossible); }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final CombatMitigation mitigation;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> protections = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public StoneSkin(Settings settings, CombatMitigation mitigation) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.mitigation = Objects.requireNonNull(mitigation);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("stone_skin", "Stone Skin", Material.BRICK,
+            List.of("Reduce entity and projectile combat damage by " + decimal(current.reductionPercent()) + "%.",
+                "Lasts " + decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(current.duration().toMillis()).movePointLeft(3)) + " seconds without stacking."),
+            "Use to protect yourself; environmental damage is unchanged.", Map.of(Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(14)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("duration-seconds", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.duration().toNanos()).movePointLeft(9),
+                "damage-reduction-percent", current.reductionPercent()), AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.SELF, this);
+    }
+
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return;
+        var current = from(execution.definition()); var player = execution.input().player();
+        var grant = mitigation.grant(execution, player, current.reductionPercent());
+        var state = new State(execution, player, grant);
+        var previous = protections.put(player.getUniqueId(), state);
+        if (previous != null) previous.execution.finish();
+        execution.own(state); execution.later(current.duration(), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) {
+        return new Settings(definition.cooldown(),
+            Duration.ofNanos(definition.parameters().get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),
+            definition.parameters().get("damage-reduction-percent"));
+    }
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value) { return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return; closed = true;
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(protections.values())) state.execution.finish();
+        protections.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/TemporaryHealth.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.entity.*;
+import org.bukkit.event.*;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.*;
+import org.bukkit.projectiles.ProjectileSource;
+
+/** Plugin-owned temporary-health ledger layered over unrelated native absorption. */
+public final class TemporaryHealth implements Listener,AutoCloseable{
+ public record Support(UUID target,UUID supportingCharacter,EquipmentSessions.Active aided,BigDecimal amount){}
+ private final class Grant implements AutoCloseable{final long sequence;final AbilityExecution execution;final Player target;double remaining;boolean closed;
+  Grant(AbilityExecution e,Player t,double amount){sequence=++sequences;execution=e;target=t;remaining=amount;}
+  @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;double before=owned(target.getUniqueId());closed=true;var list=grants.get(target.getUniqueId());if(list!=null){list.remove(this);if(list.isEmpty())grants.remove(target.getUniqueId());}double after=owned(target.getUniqueId());removeNative(target,Math.max(0,before-after));}}
+ private final EquipmentSessions sessions;private final PartyRoster parties;private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;private final Consumer<Support> supports;
+ private final Map<UUID,List<Grant>> grants=new HashMap<>();private long sequences;private boolean closed;
+ public TemporaryHealth(EquipmentSessions sessions,PartyRoster parties,Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,Consumer<Support> supports){this.sessions=Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);this.parties=Objects.requireNonNull(parties);this.nextTick=Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);this.supports=Objects.requireNonNull(supports);}
+ public AutoCloseable grant(AbilityExecution execution,Player target,double amount){Objects.requireNonNull(execution);Objects.requireNonNull(target);if(closed||!Double.isFinite(amount)||amount<=0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid temporary health grant");double before=owned(target.getUniqueId());var grant=new Grant(execution,target,amount);grants.computeIfAbsent(target.getUniqueId(),ignored->new ArrayList<>()).add(grant);double after=owned(target.getUniqueId());addNative(target,Math.max(0,after-before));return grant;}
+ @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.MONITOR,ignoreCancelled=true)public void damage(EntityDamageEvent event){if(closed||!(event.getEntity() instanceof Player target))return;var owner=strongest(target.getUniqueId());if(owner==null||!owner.execution.stillCurrent())return;double before=target.getAbsorptionAmount(),owned=owned(target.getUniqueId());if(!Double.isFinite(before)||before<=0||owned<=0)return;Entity attacker=event instanceof EntityDamageByEntityEvent by?attacker(by):null;var aided=sessions.active(target.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);boolean qualifies=aided!=null&&sessions.current(aided)&&!aided.character().equals(owner.execution.input().session().character())&&sameParty(owner.execution.input().player(),target);UUID enemy=attacker==null?null:attacker.getUniqueId();
+  try{nextTick.accept(()->consume(target,before,owned,owner,qualifies?aided:null,enemy));}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}}
+ private void consume(Player target,double before,double ownedBefore,Grant owner,EquipmentSessions.Active aided,UUID enemy){if(closed)return;double after=target.getAbsorptionAmount();double consumed=Math.min(ownedBefore,Math.max(0,before-after));if(!Double.isFinite(consumed)||consumed<=0)return;var list=grants.get(target.getUniqueId());if(list==null)return;var amount=BigDecimal.valueOf(consumed).stripTrailingZeros();owner.execution.report(AbilityReport.Type.PREVENTION,target,amount);for(var grant:List.copyOf(list))grant.remaining=Math.max(0,grant.remaining-consumed);list.removeIf(g->g.closed||g.remaining<=1e-9);if(list.isEmpty())grants.remove(target.getUniqueId());if(aided!=null&&enemy!=null)supports.accept(new Support(enemy,owner.execution.input().session().character(),aided,amount));}
+ private boolean sameParty(Player source,Player target){var a=parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);var b=parties.partyOf(target.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);return a!=null&&b!=null&&a.id().equals(b.id());}
+ private Grant strongest(UUID target){Grant result=null;var list=grants.get(target);if(list!=null)for(var grant:List.copyOf(list))if(!grant.closed&&grant.remaining>0&&grant.execution.stillCurrent()&&(result==null||grant.remaining>result.remaining||grant.remaining==result.remaining&&grant.sequence>result.sequence))result=grant;return result;}
+ private double owned(UUID target){double result=0;var list=grants.get(target);if(list!=null)for(var grant:List.copyOf(list))if(!grant.closed&&grant.remaining>result)result=grant.remaining;return result;}
+ private static Entity attacker(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event){Entity causing=event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity();if(causing!=null)return causing;if(event.getDamager() instanceof Projectile p){ProjectileSource shooter=p.getShooter();if(shooter instanceof Entity e)return e;}return event.getDamager();}
+ private static void addNative(Player target,double amount){if(amount<=0)return;double current=target.getAbsorptionAmount(),next=current+amount;if(!Double.isFinite(current)||current<0||!Double.isFinite(next))throw new IllegalStateException("Temporary health exceeds native range");target.setAbsorptionAmount(next);}
+ private static void removeNative(Player target,double amount){if(amount<=0)return;double current=target.getAbsorptionAmount();if(Double.isFinite(current)&&current>=0)target.setAbsorptionAmount(Math.max(0,current-amount));}
+ @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;for(var list:List.copyOf(grants.values()))for(var grant:List.copyOf(list))grant.close();closed=true;grants.clear();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/ability/WarBanner.java

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.ability;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
+import org.bukkit.Color;
+import org.bukkit.FluidCollisionMode;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.NamespacedKey;
+import org.bukkit.Particle;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.Attribute;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.AttributeInstance;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.AttributeModifier;
+import org.bukkit.block.BlockFace;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+
+/** Fixed spectral War Banner cylinder with strongest damage and one owned knockback-resistance layer. */
+public final class WarBanner implements AbilityEffect, AutoCloseable {
+    public record Settings(Duration cooldown, double placementRange, double radius, double verticalRange,
+                           Duration duration, BigDecimal damageBonusPercent, BigDecimal knockbackResistancePercent) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(cooldown); Objects.requireNonNull(duration);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(damageBonusPercent); Objects.requireNonNull(knockbackResistancePercent);
+            if (cooldown.isNegative() || cooldown.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(365)) > 0
+                    || !Double.isFinite(placementRange) || placementRange <= 0 || placementRange > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(radius) || radius <= 0 || radius > 64
+                    || !Double.isFinite(verticalRange) || verticalRange < 0 || verticalRange > 64
+                    || duration.isZero() || duration.isNegative() || duration.compareTo(Duration.ofDays(1)) > 0
+                    || damageBonusPercent.signum() < 0 || damageBonusPercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0
+                    || knockbackResistancePercent.signum() < 0
+                    || knockbackResistancePercent.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid War Banner settings");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() {
+            return new Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(45), 12, 8, 4, Duration.ofSeconds(10),
+                BigDecimal.valueOf(25), BigDecimal.valueOf(50));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Area implements AutoCloseable {
+        final long sequence = ++sequences; final AbilityExecution execution; final Player source;
+        final Location origin; final Settings captured; final Map<UUID, Benefit> recipients = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        boolean closed;
+        Area(AbilityExecution execution, Location origin, Settings captured) {
+            this.execution = execution; this.source = execution.input().player(); this.origin = origin; this.captured = captured;
+        }
+        void refresh() {
+            if (closed) return;
+            if (!sourceCurrent()) { execution.finish(); return; }
+            var eligible = candidates();
+            for (var entry : List.copyOf(recipients.entrySet())) if (!eligible.containsKey(entry.getKey())) entry.getValue().close();
+            for (var entry : eligible.entrySet()) recipients.computeIfAbsent(entry.getKey(), ignored -> new Benefit(this, entry.getValue()));
+            visual();
+        }
+        boolean sourceCurrent() {
+            return execution.stillCurrent() && sessions.active(source.getUniqueId())
+                .filter(active -> active.equals(execution.input().session()) && sessions.current(active)).isPresent();
+        }
+        boolean eligible(Player player) {
+            if (!sourceCurrent() || !inside(origin, player, captured.radius(), captured.verticalRange())
+                    || !unobstructed(origin, player)) return false;
+            var active = sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);
+            if (active == null) return false;
+            if (player == source) return active.equals(execution.input().session());
+            var sourceParty = parties.partyOf(source.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+            var targetParty = parties.partyOf(player.getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
+            return sourceParty != null && targetParty != null && sourceParty.id().equals(targetParty.id());
+        }
+        Map<UUID, Player> candidates() {
+            List<Entity> nearby;
+            try { nearby = new ArrayList<>(origin.getWorld().getNearbyEntities(origin,
+                captured.radius(), captured.verticalRange(), captured.radius())); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { nearby = new ArrayList<>(); }
+            nearby.addFirst(source); var unique = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, Player>(); int inspected = 0;
+            for (var entity : nearby) {
+                if (++inspected > 256) break;
+                if (entity instanceof Player player && eligible(player)) unique.putIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), player);
+            }
+            var result = new ArrayList<>(unique.values());
+            result.sort(Comparator.comparingDouble((Player player) -> distance(origin, player)).thenComparing(Player::getUniqueId));
+            if (result.size() > 64) result.subList(64, result.size()).clear();
+            var ordered = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, Player>(); for (var player : result) ordered.put(player.getUniqueId(), player); return ordered;
+        }
+        void visual() {
+            try { origin.getWorld().spawnParticle(Particle.DUST, origin.clone().add(0, 1.5, 0), 16,
+                0.25, 1.5, 0.25, 0, new Particle.DustOptions(Color.RED, 1.5f)); }
+            catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; areas.remove(sequence, this);
+            for (var benefit : List.copyOf(recipients.values())) benefit.close(); recipients.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Benefit implements AutoCloseable {
+        final Area area; final Player player; final AutoCloseable bonus; final AutoCloseable resistance; boolean closed;
+        Benefit(Area area, Player player) {
+            this.area = area; this.player = player;
+            BooleanSupplier current = () -> !closed && area.eligible(player);
+            bonus = bonuses.grant(area.execution, player, area.captured.damageBonusPercent(), current);
+            resistance = resistance(player, area.captured.knockbackResistancePercent(), current);
+        }
+        @Override public void close() {
+            if (closed) return; closed = true; area.recipients.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this);
+            closeResource(bonus); closeResource(resistance);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class ResistanceGrant implements AutoCloseable {
+        final ResistanceState state; final long sequence = ++resistanceSequences; final BigDecimal percent;
+        final BooleanSupplier current; boolean closed;
+        ResistanceGrant(ResistanceState state, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+            this.state = state; this.percent = percent; this.current = current;
+        }
+        boolean valid() { try { return !closed && current.getAsBoolean(); } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; } }
+        @Override public void close() { if (closed) return; closed = true; state.grants.remove(this); state.refresh(); }
+    }
+    private final class ResistanceState {
+        final Player player; final List<ResistanceGrant> grants = new ArrayList<>(); AttributeModifier owned;
+        ResistanceState(Player player) { this.player = player; }
+        void refresh() {
+            AttributeInstance attribute;
+            try { attribute = player.getAttribute(Attribute.KNOCKBACK_RESISTANCE); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return; }
+            if (attribute == null) return;
+            ResistanceGrant strongest = null;
+            for (var grant : List.copyOf(grants)) if (grant.valid() && (strongest == null
+                    || grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent) > 0
+                    || grant.percent.compareTo(strongest.percent) == 0 && grant.sequence < strongest.sequence)) strongest = grant;
+            double desired = strongest == null ? 0 : strongest.percent.movePointLeft(2).doubleValue();
+            if (owned != null && (!attribute.getModifiers().contains(owned) || Double.compare(owned.getAmount(), desired) != 0)) {
+                attribute.removeModifier(owned); owned = null;
+            }
+            if (strongest != null && owned == null) {
+                var key = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "war_banner_" + player.getUniqueId());
+                for (var modifier : List.copyOf(attribute.getModifiers())) if (modifier.getKey().equals(key)) attribute.removeModifier(modifier);
+                owned = new AttributeModifier(key, desired, AttributeModifier.Operation.ADD_NUMBER); attribute.addModifier(owned);
+            }
+            if (strongest == null) { resistances.remove(player.getUniqueId(), this); owned = null; }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions; private final PartyRoster parties; private final OutgoingDamageBonus bonuses;
+    private final Map<Long, Area> areas = new java.util.HashMap<>(); private final Map<UUID, ResistanceState> resistances = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private long sequences; private long resistanceSequences; private org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitTask sweepTask; private boolean closed;
+
+    public WarBanner(Settings settings, EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties, OutgoingDamageBonus bonuses) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties); this.bonuses = Objects.requireNonNull(bonuses);
+    }
+    public void configure(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(plugin); if (closed || sweepTask != null) throw new IllegalStateException("War Banner sweep already installed or closed");
+        sweepTask = plugin.getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimer(plugin, this::sweep, 1, 1);
+    }
+    public void sweep() {
+        if (closed) return; int checked = 0;
+        for (var area : List.copyOf(areas.values())) { area.refresh(); if (++checked == 64) break; }
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(resistances.values())) state.refresh();
+    }
+    public AbilityDefinition definition() {
+        var current = settings;
+        return new AbilityDefinition("war_banner", "War Banner", Material.RED_BANNER,
+            List.of("Plant a spectral banner within " + decimal(current.placementRange()) + " blocks for " + seconds(current.duration()) + " seconds.",
+                "Party members in its " + decimal(current.radius()) + "-block area gain " + decimal(current.damageBonusPercent())
+                    + "% combat damage and " + decimal(current.knockbackResistancePercent()) + "% knockback resistance."),
+            "Use while looking at the solid top surface where the fixed banner should stand; copies do not stack.",
+            Map.of(Stat.STR, BigInteger.valueOf(22), Stat.CHR, BigInteger.valueOf(22), Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), BigInteger.ONE, AbilityDefinition.Category.BUF,
+            AbilityDefinition.Activation.DELAYED, ControlInput.Gesture.USE, current.cooldown(),
+            Map.of("placement-range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.placementRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "radius", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.radius()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "vertical-range", BigDecimal.valueOf(current.verticalRange()).stripTrailingZeros(),
+                "duration-seconds", nanos(current.duration()), "damage-bonus-percent", current.damageBonusPercent(),
+                "knockback-resistance-percent", current.knockbackResistancePercent()), AbilityDefinition.TargetPolicy.AREA, this);
+    }
+    @Override public boolean accepts(ControlInput input) {
+        return !closed && input.target() == null && placement(input.player(), settings.placementRange()) != null;
+    }
+    @Override public void activate(AbilityExecution execution) {
+        if (closed || !execution.stillCurrent()) return; var captured = from(execution.definition());
+        var origin = placement(execution.input().player(), captured.placementRange());
+        if (origin == null) { execution.finish(); return; }
+        var area = new Area(execution, origin, captured); areas.put(area.sequence, area); execution.own(area);
+        area.refresh(); execution.later(captured.duration(), execution::finish);
+    }
+
+    private AutoCloseable resistance(Player player, BigDecimal percent, BooleanSupplier current) {
+        var state = resistances.computeIfAbsent(player.getUniqueId(), ignored -> new ResistanceState(player));
+        var grant = new ResistanceGrant(state, percent, current); state.grants.add(grant); state.refresh(); return grant;
+    }
+    private static Location placement(Player player, double range) {
+        try { var eye = player.getEyeLocation(); var hit = player.getWorld().rayTraceBlocks(eye, eye.getDirection(), range,
+                FluidCollisionMode.NEVER, true);
+            if (hit == null || hit.getHitBlock() == null || hit.getHitBlockFace() != BlockFace.UP
+                    || !hit.getHitBlock().getType().isSolid()) return null;
+            return hit.getHitBlock().getLocation().add(0.5, 1, 0.5);
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return null; }
+    }
+    private static boolean inside(Location origin, Player player, double radius, double vertical) {
+        try { var at = player.getLocation(); if (origin.getWorld() != at.getWorld()) return false;
+            double dx=at.getX()-origin.getX(), dz=at.getZ()-origin.getZ();
+            return dx*dx+dz*dz<=radius*radius && Math.abs(at.getY()-origin.getY())<=vertical;
+        } catch (RuntimeException invalid) { return false; }
+    }
+    private static boolean unobstructed(Location origin, Player player) {
+        try { var world=origin.getWorld(); if(world==null)return false;var offset=player.getBoundingBox().getCenter().subtract(origin.toVector());
+            double distance=offset.length();if(!Double.isFinite(distance)||distance==0)return distance==0;
+            return world.rayTraceBlocks(origin,offset.multiply(1/distance),distance,FluidCollisionMode.NEVER,true)==null;
+        } catch(RuntimeException invalid){return false;}
+    }
+    private static double distance(Location origin, Player player) {
+        try { var at=player.getLocation();if(origin.getWorld()!=at.getWorld())return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+            double dx=at.getX()-origin.getX(),dz=at.getZ()-origin.getZ();return dx*dx+dz*dz;
+        } catch(RuntimeException invalid){return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;}
+    }
+    private static Settings from(AbilityDefinition definition) { var p=definition.parameters();return new Settings(definition.cooldown(),
+        p.get("placement-range").doubleValue(),p.get("radius").doubleValue(),p.get("vertical-range").doubleValue(),
+        Duration.ofNanos(p.get("duration-seconds").movePointRight(9).longValueExact()),p.get("damage-bonus-percent"),p.get("knockback-resistance-percent")); }
+    private static BigDecimal nanos(Duration value){return BigDecimal.valueOf(value.toNanos()).movePointLeft(9);}
+    private static String seconds(Duration value){return decimal(nanos(value));}
+    private static String decimal(double value){return decimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(value));}
+    private static String decimal(BigDecimal value){return value.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();}
+    private static void closeResource(AutoCloseable resource){try{resource.close();}catch(Exception impossible){throw new IllegalStateException(impossible);}}
+    @Override public void close(){if(closed)return;closed=true;if(sweepTask!=null)sweepTask.cancel();for(var area:List.copyOf(areas.values()))area.execution.finish();areas.clear();for(var state:List.copyOf(resistances.values())){for(var grant:List.copyOf(state.grants))grant.close();}resistances.clear();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/book/BookPagination.java

@@ -9,6 +9,15 @@ public final class BookPagination {
     private BookPagination() { }
 
     public static List<Component> pages(String text) {
+        var lines = lines(text);
+        var pages = new ArrayList<Component>();
+        for (int start = 0; start < lines.size(); start += 13) {
+            pages.add(Component.text(String.join("\n", lines.subList(start, Math.min(start + 13, lines.size())))));
+        }
+        return List.copyOf(pages);
+    }
+
+    static List<String> lines(String text) {
         var lines = new ArrayList<String>();
         var line = new StringBuilder();
         int width = 0;
@@ -28,10 +37,6 @@ public final class BookPagination {
             line.appendCodePoint(codePoint); width += advance;
         }
         lines.add(line.toString());
-        var pages = new ArrayList<Component>();
-        for (int start = 0; start < lines.size(); start += 13) {
-            pages.add(Component.text(String.join("\n", lines.subList(start, Math.min(start + 13, lines.size())))));
-        }
-        return List.copyOf(pages);
+        return List.copyOf(lines);
     }
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/book/CharacterBookController.java

@@ -27,22 +27,28 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
     private final Consumer<Failure> failures;
     private final games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry abilities;
     private final games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityEngine abilityEngine;
+    private final games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveRegistry passives;
+    private final games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveEngine passiveEngine;
     private final Map<UUID, Object> pending = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private volatile boolean closed;
-    private static final int VOLUME_SIZE = 80; // Leave room for navigation and the bounded party pages.
+    private static final int VOLUME_SIZE = 30; // Reserve room for linked ability details, navigation and party pages.
     private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key PAGES = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "character_pages");
     private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key STATS = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "character_stat");
     private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key ABILITY_UNLOCK = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "ability_unlock");
-    private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key ABILITY_ASSIGN = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "ability_assign");
+    private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key ABILITY_UNLEARN = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "ability_unlearn");
+    private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key PASSIVE_UNLOCK = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "passive_unlock");
+    private static final net.kyori.adventure.key.Key PASSIVE_UNLEARN = net.kyori.adventure.key.Key.key("fantasystick", "passive_unlearn");
     private static final java.util.regex.Pattern PAGE_PAYLOAD = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile("\"([a-f0-9-]{36}):([01])\"");
     private static final java.util.regex.Pattern STAT_PAYLOAD = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile("\"([a-f0-9-]{36}):(STR|DEX|CON|INT|WIS|CHR)\"");
-    private static final java.util.regex.Pattern ABILITY_PAYLOAD = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile("\"([a-f0-9-]{36}):([a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63})(?::([0-6]))?\"");
+    private static final java.util.regex.Pattern ABILITY_PAYLOAD = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile("\"([a-f0-9-]{36}):([a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63})\"");
     private record View(String nonce, ControlInput input, int previous, int next) { }
     private record StatView(String nonce, ControlInput input, java.math.BigInteger revision) { }
     private record AbilityView(String nonce, ControlInput input, java.math.BigInteger revision, java.util.Set<String> ids) { }
+    private record PassiveView(String nonce, ControlInput input, java.math.BigInteger revision, java.util.Set<String> ids) { }
     private final Map<UUID, View> views = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private final Map<UUID, StatView> statViews = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private final Map<UUID, AbilityView> abilityViews = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, PassiveView> passiveViews = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
     /** Scheduler must always defer to the server thread. Diagnostics must not access players or throw. */
     public CharacterBookController(CharacterStorage characters, ProgressionRules rules,
@@ -50,7 +56,8 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
                                    Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<Failure> failures, games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster parties,
                                    org.bukkit.Server server, java.util.function.Function<UUID, Component> names) {
         this(characters, rules, sessions, nextTick, failures, parties, server, names,
-            new games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry(), null);
+            new games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry(), null,
+            new games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveRegistry(), null);
     }
 
     public CharacterBookController(CharacterStorage characters, ProgressionRules rules,
@@ -59,6 +66,18 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
                                    org.bukkit.Server server, java.util.function.Function<UUID, Component> names,
                                    games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry abilities,
                                    games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityEngine abilityEngine) {
+        this(characters, rules, sessions, nextTick, failures, parties, server, names, abilities, abilityEngine,
+            new games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveRegistry(), null);
+    }
+
+    public CharacterBookController(CharacterStorage characters, ProgressionRules rules,
+                                   games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions sessions,
+                                   Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<Failure> failures, games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyRoster parties,
+                                   org.bukkit.Server server, java.util.function.Function<UUID, Component> names,
+                                   games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry abilities,
+                                   games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityEngine abilityEngine,
+                                   games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveRegistry passives,
+                                   games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveEngine passiveEngine) {
         this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
         this.rules = Objects.requireNonNull(rules);
         this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
@@ -66,6 +85,8 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
         this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
         this.abilities = Objects.requireNonNull(abilities);
         this.abilityEngine = abilityEngine;
+        this.passives = Objects.requireNonNull(passives);
+        this.passiveEngine = passiveEngine;
         this.partyControls = new PartyBookControls(parties, server, names, this::accept, this::report);
     }
 
@@ -79,6 +100,7 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
         views.remove(owner);
         statViews.remove(owner);
         abilityViews.remove(owner);
+        passiveViews.remove(owner);
         Object ticket = new Object();
         pending.put(owner, ticket);
         characters.find(input.session().character()).whenComplete((record, failure) -> {
@@ -106,91 +128,342 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
     }
 
     private ItemStack render(CharacterRecord record, ControlInput input, int offset) {
-        var first = new StringBuilder(record.name()).append("\n\n");
-        for (var stat : Stat.values()) first.append(stat).append(": ").append(record.stats().get(stat)).append('\n');
-        var maximum = record.maximumHealth().min(NativeHealthLimit.read());
-        String xp = record.level() >= rules.maximumLevel() ? "MAX"
-            : record.experience().remainder(rules.xpPerLevel()) + "/" + rules.xpPerLevel();
-        String learned = record.learned().isEmpty() ? "none" : String.join(", ", record.learned().stream().sorted().toList());
-        String second = "Level: " + record.level() + "\nXP: " + xp + "\nUnspent points: " + record.unspentPoints()
-            + "\nHealth: " + java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(input.player().getHealth()).min(maximum).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()
-            + "/" + maximum.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()
-            + "\n\nAbilities: " + learned;
         var item = new ItemStack(Material.WRITTEN_BOOK);
         var meta = (BookMeta) item.getItemMeta();
         meta.setTitle("Character");
         meta.setAuthor("Fantasy Stick");
-        var all = BookPagination.pages(first + "\n" + second);
-        int start = Math.min(offset, (all.size() - 1) / VOLUME_SIZE * VOLUME_SIZE);
-        int end = Math.min(start + VOLUME_SIZE, all.size());
-        var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<Component>(all.subList(start, end));
+
         var statView = new StatView(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), input, record.revision());
-        statViews.put(input.session().player(), statView);
-        Component purchases = Component.text("Spend 1 point\n\n");
-        for (var stat : Stat.values()) {
-            purchases = purchases.append(Component.text("[+1 " + stat + "]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_GREEN)
-                .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.custom(STATS,
-                    net.kyori.adventure.nbt.api.BinaryTagHolder.binaryTagHolder("\"" + statView.nonce() + ":" + stat + "\""))))
-                .append(Component.newline());
-        }
-        pages.add(purchases);
-        var definitions = abilities.definitions();
-        if (!definitions.isEmpty() && end == all.size()) {
+        var allOverview = overviewPages(record, input, statView);
+        int start = Math.min(offset, (allOverview.size() - 1) / VOLUME_SIZE * VOLUME_SIZE);
+        int end = Math.min(start + VOLUME_SIZE, allOverview.size());
+        var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<Component>(allOverview.subList(start, end));
+        if(end==allOverview.size())pages.add(gearPage(record));
+        if (record.unspentPoints().signum() > 0 && start == 0) statViews.put(input.session().player(), statView);
+
+        var definitions = abilities.definitions().stream()
+            .sorted(java.util.Comparator.comparing(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::category)
+                .thenComparing(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::name)
+                .thenComparing(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::id))
+            .toList();
+        var passiveDefinitions = passives.definitions().stream()
+            .sorted(java.util.Comparator.comparing(games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::name)
+                .thenComparing(games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::id))
+            .toList();
+        if ((!definitions.isEmpty() || !passiveDefinitions.isEmpty()) && end == allOverview.size()) {
             var abilityView = new AbilityView(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), input, record.revision(),
                 definitions.stream().map(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::id)
                     .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toUnmodifiableSet()));
-            abilityViews.put(input.session().player(), abilityView);
-            for (var definition : definitions) pages.addAll(abilityPages(record, definition, abilityView));
+            if (!definitions.isEmpty()) abilityViews.put(input.session().player(), abilityView);
+            var passiveView = new PassiveView(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), input, record.revision(),
+                passiveDefinitions.stream().map(games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::id)
+                    .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toUnmodifiableSet()));
+            if (!passiveDefinitions.isEmpty()) passiveViews.put(input.session().player(), passiveView);
+            var passiveNames = passiveDefinitions.stream().collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap(
+                games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::id,
+                games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::name));
+            var placeholderPassiveDetails = passiveDefinitions.stream()
+                .map(definition -> passiveDetailPages(record, definition, passiveNames, passiveView, 1)).toList();
+            var placeholderTargets = definitions.stream().collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap(
+                games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::id, ignored -> 1));
+            var passivePlaceholderTargets = passiveDefinitions.stream().collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap(
+                games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::id, ignored -> 1));
+            var placeholderDetails = definitions.stream()
+                .map(definition -> abilityPages(record, definition, abilityView, 1)).toList();
+            int activeCount = activePages(record, definitions, placeholderTargets).size();
+            int passiveCount = passiveSlotPages(record, passiveDefinitions, passivePlaceholderTargets).size();
+            var placeholderIndex = indexPages(definitions, placeholderTargets);
+            int indexCount = placeholderIndex.pages().size();
+            var placeholderPassiveIndex = passiveIndexPages(passiveDefinitions, passivePlaceholderTargets);
+            int passiveIndexCount = placeholderPassiveIndex.pages().size();
+            int indexStart = pages.size() + activeCount + passiveCount;
+            var indexTargets = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+            placeholderIndex.relativePageByAbility().forEach((id, page) -> indexTargets.put(id, indexStart + page + 1));
+            int passiveIndexStart = indexStart + indexCount;
+            var passiveIndexTargets = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+            placeholderPassiveIndex.relativePageByPassive().forEach((id, page) ->
+                passiveIndexTargets.put(id, passiveIndexStart + page + 1));
+            var targets = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+            int target = pages.size() + activeCount + passiveCount + indexCount + passiveIndexCount + 1;
+            for (int index = 0; index < definitions.size(); index++) {
+                targets.put(definitions.get(index).id(), target);
+                target += placeholderDetails.get(index).size();
+            }
+            var passiveTargets = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+            for (int index = 0; index < passiveDefinitions.size(); index++) {
+                passiveTargets.put(passiveDefinitions.get(index).id(), target);
+                target += placeholderPassiveDetails.get(index).size();
+            }
+            var index = indexPages(definitions, targets);
+            var details = definitions.stream()
+                .map(definition -> abilityPages(record, definition, abilityView, indexTargets.get(definition.id()))).toList();
+            var passiveIndex = passiveIndexPages(passiveDefinitions, passiveTargets);
+            var passiveDetails = passiveDefinitions.stream().map(definition -> passiveDetailPages(record, definition,
+                passiveNames, passiveView, passiveIndexTargets.get(definition.id()))).toList();
+            pages.addAll(activePages(record, definitions, targets));
+            pages.addAll(passiveSlotPages(record, passiveDefinitions, passiveTargets));
+            pages.addAll(index.pages());
+            pages.addAll(passiveIndex.pages());
+            details.forEach(pages::addAll);
+            passiveDetails.forEach(pages::addAll);
         }
-        if (all.size() > VOLUME_SIZE) {
+        if (allOverview.size() > VOLUME_SIZE) {
             var view = new View(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), input, start > 0 ? start - VOLUME_SIZE : -1,
-                end < all.size() ? end : -1);
+                end < allOverview.size() ? end : -1);
             views.put(input.session().player(), view);
-            Component navigation = Component.text("Character pages\n\n" + (start + 1) + "–" + end + "/" + all.size());
+            Component navigation = Component.text("Character pages\n\n" + (start + 1) + "–" + end + "/" + allOverview.size());
             if (view.previous() >= 0) navigation = navigation.append(Component.newline()).append(pageButton("Previous pages", view, 0));
             if (view.next() >= 0) navigation = navigation.append(Component.newline()).append(pageButton("Next pages", view, 1));
             pages.add(navigation);
         }
-        pages.addAll(partyControls.pages(input));
+        if (end == allOverview.size()) pages.addAll(partyControls.pages(input));
         meta.pages(pages);
         item.setItemMeta(meta);
         return item;
     }
 
+    private Component gearPage(CharacterRecord record){return Component.text("Gear\n\nHead: Cosmetic\nChestplate: "+tier(record.gear().chestplate())+"\nLeggings: "+tier(record.gear().leggings())+"\nBoots: "+tier(record.gear().boots()));}
+    private static String tier(games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.GearTier tier){String value=tier.name().toLowerCase(java.util.Locale.ROOT);return Character.toUpperCase(value.charAt(0))+value.substring(1);}
+
+    private java.util.List<Component> overviewPages(CharacterRecord record, ControlInput input, StatView view) {
+        var builder = new PageBuilder();
+        builder.text(record.name());
+        builder.blank();
+        for (var stat : Stat.values()) {
+            Component action = record.unspentPoints().signum() > 0
+                ? statButton(stat, view) : null;
+            builder.inline(stat + ": " + record.stats().get(stat), action);
+        }
+        var maximum = record.maximumHealth().min(NativeHealthLimit.read());
+        String xp = record.level() >= rules.maximumLevel() ? "MAX"
+            : record.experience().remainder(rules.xpPerLevel()) + "/" + rules.xpPerLevel();
+        builder.text("Level: " + record.level());
+        builder.text("XP: " + xp);
+        builder.text("Unspent points: " + record.unspentPoints());
+        builder.text("Coins: " + record.coins());
+        builder.text("Health: " + java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(input.player().getHealth()).min(maximum).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString()
+            + "/" + maximum.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString());
+        return builder.pages();
+    }
+
+    private static Component statButton(Stat stat, StatView view) {
+        return Component.text("[+1 " + stat + "]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_GREEN)
+            .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.custom(STATS,
+                net.kyori.adventure.nbt.api.BinaryTagHolder.binaryTagHolder("\"" + view.nonce() + ":" + stat + "\"")));
+    }
+
+    private static java.util.List<Component> activePages(CharacterRecord record,
+            java.util.List<games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition> definitions, Map<String, Integer> targets) {
+        var byId = definitions.stream().collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap(
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition::id, java.util.function.Function.identity()));
+        var builder = new PageBuilder();
+        builder.text("Active abilities"); builder.blank();
+        for (int slot = 0; slot < record.loadout().size(); slot++) {
+            String id = record.loadout().get(slot);
+            var definition = byId.get(id);
+            if (id.isEmpty()) builder.text((slot + 3) + ": No Ability");
+            else if (definition == null) builder.text((slot + 3) + ": " + id);
+            else builder.link((slot + 3) + ": ", definition.name(), targets.get(id));
+        }
+        var unassigned = record.learned().stream().filter(id -> !record.loadout().contains(id)).sorted().toList();
+        if (!unassigned.isEmpty()) {
+            builder.blank(); builder.text("Unassigned learned:");
+            for (var id : unassigned) {
+                var definition = byId.get(id);
+                if (definition == null) builder.text(id);
+                else builder.link("", definition.name(), targets.get(id));
+            }
+        }
+        return builder.pages();
+    }
+
+    private static java.util.List<Component> passiveSlotPages(CharacterRecord record,
+            java.util.List<games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition> definitions, Map<String, Integer> targets) {
+        var byId = definitions.stream().collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap(
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition::id, java.util.function.Function.identity()));
+        var builder = new PageBuilder(); builder.text("Passive abilities"); builder.blank();
+        for (int slot = 0; slot < record.passives().size(); slot++) {
+            String id = record.passives().get(slot); var definition = byId.get(id);
+            if (id.isEmpty()) builder.text((slot + 1) + ": No Passive");
+            else if (definition == null) builder.text((slot + 1) + ": " + id);
+            else builder.link((slot + 1) + ": ", definition.name(), targets.get(id));
+        }
+        return builder.pages();
+    }
+
+    private record AbilityIndex(java.util.List<Component> pages, Map<String, Integer> relativePageByAbility) {
+        private AbilityIndex { pages = java.util.List.copyOf(pages); relativePageByAbility = Map.copyOf(relativePageByAbility); }
+    }
+
+    private static AbilityIndex indexPages(
+            java.util.List<games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition> definitions, Map<String, Integer> targets) {
+        var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<Component>();
+        var relativePages = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+        for (var category : games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition.Category.values()) {
+            var grouped = definitions.stream().filter(definition -> definition.category() == category).toList();
+            int cursor = 0;
+            while (cursor < grouped.size()) {
+                var builder = new PageBuilder(); builder.text("Ability index"); builder.text(category.name());
+                int usedLines = 0;
+                while (cursor < grouped.size()) {
+                    var definition = grouped.get(cursor);
+                    int linkLines = BookPagination.lines(definition.name()).size();
+                    if (usedLines > 0 && usedLines + linkLines > 11) break;
+                    relativePages.put(definition.id(), pages.size());
+                    builder.link("", definition.name(), targets.get(definition.id()));
+                    usedLines += linkLines; cursor++;
+                }
+                pages.addAll(builder.pages());
+            }
+        }
+        return new AbilityIndex(pages, relativePages);
+    }
+
+    private record PassiveIndex(java.util.List<Component> pages, Map<String, Integer> relativePageByPassive) {
+        private PassiveIndex { pages = java.util.List.copyOf(pages); relativePageByPassive = Map.copyOf(relativePageByPassive); }
+    }
+
+    private static PassiveIndex passiveIndexPages(
+            java.util.List<games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition> definitions, Map<String, Integer> targets) {
+        var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<Component>(); var relativePages = new java.util.HashMap<String, Integer>();
+        int cursor = 0;
+        while (cursor < definitions.size()) {
+            var builder = new PageBuilder(); builder.text("Passive index"); builder.blank();
+            int usedLines = 0;
+            while (cursor < definitions.size()) {
+                var definition = definitions.get(cursor);
+                int linkLines = BookPagination.lines(definition.name()).size();
+                if (usedLines > 0 && usedLines + linkLines > 11) break;
+                relativePages.put(definition.id(), pages.size());
+                builder.link("", definition.name(), targets.get(definition.id()));
+                usedLines += linkLines; cursor++;
+            }
+            pages.addAll(builder.pages());
+        }
+        return new PassiveIndex(pages, relativePages);
+    }
+
+    private static java.util.List<Component> passiveDetailPages(CharacterRecord record,
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.PassiveDefinition definition, Map<String, String> names, PassiveView view,
+            int indexPage) {
+        String requirements = definition.requirements().entrySet().stream().sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey())
+            .map(entry -> entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue()).collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.joining(", "));
+        if (!definition.prerequisites().isEmpty()) {
+            String prerequisiteNames = definition.prerequisites().stream().map(id -> names.getOrDefault(id, id)).sorted()
+                .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.joining(", "));
+            requirements = requirements.isEmpty() ? prerequisiteNames : prerequisiteNames + ", " + requirements;
+        }
+        boolean learned = record.passives().contains(definition.id());
+        boolean prerequisites = record.passives().containsAll(definition.prerequisites());
+        boolean stats = definition.requirements().entrySet().stream()
+            .allMatch(entry -> record.stats().get(entry.getKey()).compareTo(entry.getValue()) >= 0);
+        boolean points = record.unspentPoints().compareTo(definition.pointCost()) >= 0;
+        boolean slot = record.passives().contains("");
+        String state = learned ? "Learned" : !prerequisites || !stats ? "Unavailable: requirements"
+            : !points ? "Unavailable: points" : !slot ? "Unavailable: passive slots" : "Available";
+        var builder = new PageBuilder(); builder.text(definition.name()); builder.text(requirements);
+        if (learned) builder.component(passiveButton("Unlearn", PASSIVE_UNLEARN, view, definition.id()));
+        else if (prerequisites && stats && points && slot) builder.component(passiveButton("Learn", PASSIVE_UNLOCK, view, definition.id()));
+        else builder.text(state);
+        builder.blank(); definition.description().forEach(builder::text); builder.blank(); builder.text(state);
+        builder.component(Component.text("[Back to index]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_BLUE)
+            .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.changePage(indexPage)));
+        return builder.pages();
+    }
+
     private static java.util.List<Component> abilityPages(CharacterRecord record,
-            games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition definition, AbilityView view) {
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityDefinition definition, AbilityView view, int indexPage) {
         String requirements = definition.requirements().isEmpty() ? "none" : definition.requirements().entrySet().stream()
             .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey()).map(entry -> entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue())
             .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.joining(", "));
         boolean learned = record.learned().contains(definition.id());
         boolean stats = definition.requirements().entrySet().stream()
             .allMatch(entry -> record.stats().get(entry.getKey()).compareTo(entry.getValue()) >= 0);
+        boolean points = record.unspentPoints().compareTo(definition.pointCost()) >= 0;
+        boolean slot = record.loadout().contains("");
         String state = learned ? "Learned" : !stats ? "Unavailable: requirements"
-            : record.unspentPoints().compareTo(definition.pointCost()) < 0 ? "Unavailable: points" : "Available";
-        String parameters = definition.parameters().isEmpty() ? "" : "\nParameters: " + definition.parameters().entrySet().stream()
+            : !points ? "Unavailable: points" : !slot ? "Unavailable: slots" : "Available";
+        var builder = new PageBuilder();
+        builder.text(definition.name());
+        builder.text(definition.category().name());
+        builder.text(requirements);
+        if (learned) builder.component(abilityButton("Unlearn", ABILITY_UNLEARN, view, definition.id()));
+        else if (stats && points && slot) builder.component(abilityButton("Learn", ABILITY_UNLOCK, view, definition.id()));
+        else builder.text(state);
+        builder.blank();
+        definition.lore().forEach(builder::text);
+        builder.blank(); builder.text(definition.instructions());
+        builder.text("Cooldown: " + durationSeconds(definition.cooldown()) + "s");
+        if (!definition.parameters().isEmpty()) builder.text("Parameters: " + definition.parameters().entrySet().stream()
             .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey()).map(entry -> entry.getKey() + "=" + entry.getValue())
-            .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.joining(", "));
-        String text = definition.name() + "\nIcon: " + definition.icon().name()
-            + "\n\n" + String.join("\n", definition.lore()) + "\n\n" + definition.instructions()
-            + "\nRequires: " + requirements + "\nCost: " + definition.pointCost()
-            + "\nCooldown: " + definition.cooldown().toSeconds() + "s" + parameters + "\n\n" + state;
-        var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<>(BookPagination.pages(text));
-        if (!learned && stats && record.unspentPoints().compareTo(definition.pointCost()) >= 0) {
-            pages.add(Component.text("Ability action\n\n").append(abilityButton("Learn", ABILITY_UNLOCK, view, definition.id(), null)));
-        } else if (learned) {
-            Component action = Component.text("Assign " + definition.name() + "\n\nSlot: ");
-            for (int slot = 0; slot < 7; slot++) {
-                if (slot > 0) action = action.append(Component.space());
-                action = action.append(abilityButton(Integer.toString(slot + 3), ABILITY_ASSIGN, view, definition.id(), slot));
+            .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.joining(", ")));
+        builder.text(state);
+        builder.component(Component.text("[Back to index]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_BLUE)
+            .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.changePage(indexPage)));
+        return builder.pages();
+    }
+
+    private static final class PageBuilder {
+        private final java.util.List<Component> lines = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
+        void blank() { lines.add(Component.empty()); }
+        void text(String text) { BookPagination.lines(text).forEach(line -> lines.add(Component.text(line))); }
+        void component(Component component) { lines.add(component); }
+        void inline(String text, Component action) {
+            var wrapped = BookPagination.lines(text);
+            for (int index = 0; index < wrapped.size() - 1; index++) lines.add(Component.text(wrapped.get(index)));
+            var last = Component.text(wrapped.getLast());
+            if (action != null && displayWidth(wrapped.getLast()) + 6 + 48 <= 108) {
+                lines.add(last.append(Component.space()).append(action));
+            } else {
+                lines.add(last);
+                if (action != null) lines.add(action);
             }
-            pages.add(action);
         }
-        return java.util.List.copyOf(pages);
+        void link(String prefix, String label, int page) {
+            if (displayWidth(prefix + label) <= 108) {
+                lines.add(Component.text(prefix).append(Component.text(label, net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_BLUE)
+                    .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.changePage(page))));
+                return;
+            }
+            for (var part : BookPagination.lines(prefix + label)) {
+                lines.add(Component.text(part, net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_BLUE)
+                    .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.changePage(page)));
+            }
+        }
+        private static int displayWidth(String text) {
+            return text.codePoints().map(codePoint -> codePoint < 128 ? 6 : 9).sum();
+        }
+        java.util.List<Component> pages() {
+            var pages = new java.util.ArrayList<Component>();
+            for (int start = 0; start < lines.size(); start += 13) {
+                Component page = Component.empty();
+                for (int index = start; index < Math.min(start + 13, lines.size()); index++) {
+                    if (index > start) page = page.append(Component.newline());
+                    page = page.append(lines.get(index));
+                }
+                pages.add(page);
+            }
+            if (pages.isEmpty()) pages.add(Component.empty());
+            return java.util.List.copyOf(pages);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String durationSeconds(java.time.Duration duration) {
+        return java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getSeconds())
+            .add(java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(duration.getNano(), 9)).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
     }
 
     private static Component abilityButton(String label, net.kyori.adventure.key.Key action, AbilityView view,
-                                           String ability, Integer slot) {
-        String payload = "\"" + view.nonce() + ":" + ability + (slot == null ? "" : ":" + slot) + "\"";
+                                           String ability) {
+        String payload = "\"" + view.nonce() + ":" + ability + "\"";
+        return Component.text("[" + label + "]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_GREEN)
+            .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.custom(action,
+                net.kyori.adventure.nbt.api.BinaryTagHolder.binaryTagHolder(payload)));
+    }
+
+    private static Component passiveButton(String label, net.kyori.adventure.key.Key action, PassiveView view,
+                                           String passive) {
+        String payload = "\"" + view.nonce() + ":" + passive + "\"";
         return Component.text("[" + label + "]", net.kyori.adventure.text.format.NamedTextColor.DARK_GREEN)
             .clickEvent(net.kyori.adventure.text.event.ClickEvent.custom(action,
                 net.kyori.adventure.nbt.api.BinaryTagHolder.binaryTagHolder(payload)));
@@ -284,8 +557,8 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
     @org.bukkit.event.EventHandler
     public void abilityAction(io.papermc.paper.event.player.PlayerCustomClickEvent event) {
         boolean unlock = ABILITY_UNLOCK.equals(event.getIdentifier());
-        boolean assign = ABILITY_ASSIGN.equals(event.getIdentifier());
-        if (closed || abilityEngine == null || !unlock && !assign
+        boolean unlearn = ABILITY_UNLEARN.equals(event.getIdentifier());
+        if (closed || abilityEngine == null || !unlock && !unlearn
                 || !(event.getCommonConnection() instanceof io.papermc.paper.connection.PlayerGameConnection connection)
                 || event.getTag() == null) return;
         var player = connection.getPlayer();
@@ -295,11 +568,10 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
         if (raw.length() > 120) return;
         var match = ABILITY_PAYLOAD.matcher(raw);
         if (!match.matches() || !view.nonce().equals(match.group(1)) || !view.ids().contains(match.group(2))
-                || unlock != (match.group(3) == null)
                 || !abilityViews.remove(player.getUniqueId(), view) || !view.input().stillCurrent()) return;
         String ability = match.group(2);
         var operation = unlock ? abilityEngine.purchase(view.input(), ability, view.revision())
-            : abilityEngine.assign(view.input(), ability, Integer.parseInt(match.group(3)), view.revision());
+            : abilityEngine.unlearn(view.input(), ability, view.revision());
         operation.whenComplete((mutation, failure) -> {
             if (closed || !view.input().stillCurrent()) return;
             if (failure != null) {
@@ -312,14 +584,61 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
         });
     }
 
-    private static String abilityMessage(boolean unlock, String ability, CharacterStorage.AbilityMutationStatus status) {
+    @org.bukkit.event.EventHandler
+    public void passiveAction(io.papermc.paper.event.player.PlayerCustomClickEvent event) {
+        boolean unlock = PASSIVE_UNLOCK.equals(event.getIdentifier());
+        boolean unlearn = PASSIVE_UNLEARN.equals(event.getIdentifier());
+        if (closed || passiveEngine == null || !unlock && !unlearn
+                || !(event.getCommonConnection() instanceof io.papermc.paper.connection.PlayerGameConnection connection)
+                || event.getTag() == null) return;
+        var player = connection.getPlayer(); var view = passiveViews.get(player.getUniqueId());
+        if (view == null || view.input().player() != player) return;
+        String raw = event.getTag().string(); if (raw.length() > 120) return;
+        var match = ABILITY_PAYLOAD.matcher(raw);
+        if (!match.matches() || !view.nonce().equals(match.group(1)) || !view.ids().contains(match.group(2))
+                || !passiveViews.remove(player.getUniqueId(), view) || !view.input().stillCurrent()) return;
+        String passive = match.group(2);
+        var operation = unlock ? passiveEngine.purchase(view.input(), passive, view.revision())
+            : passiveEngine.unlearn(view.input(), passive, view.revision());
+        operation.whenComplete((mutation, failure) -> {
+            if (closed || !view.input().stillCurrent()) return;
+            if (failure != null) {
+                report(view.input(), failure);
+                player.sendMessage("Passive change could not be confirmed; reopen the character after session recovery.");
+                return;
+            }
+            player.sendMessage(passiveMessage(unlock, passive, mutation.status()));
+            load(view.input(), 0);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static String passiveMessage(boolean unlock, String passive,
+                                         CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus status) {
         return switch (status) {
-            case APPLIED -> unlock ? "Learned " + ability + "." : "Assigned " + ability + ".";
-            case UNCHANGED -> ability + " is already assigned there.";
+            case APPLIED -> unlock ? "Learned " + passive + " in the first available passive slot."
+                : "Unlearned " + passive + " and refunded 1 point.";
+            case REQUIREMENTS -> "The passive prerequisites or purchased base-stat requirements are not met.";
+            case NO_POINTS -> "This character does not have enough unspent points.";
+            case PASSIVE_SLOTS_FULL -> "All three passive slots are occupied; unlearn a passive before learning another.";
+            case ALREADY_LEARNED -> "This character already knows " + passive + ".";
+            case NOT_LEARNED -> "This character no longer knows " + passive + ".";
+            case REQUIRED_BY_LEARNED -> "Another learned passive requires " + passive + ".";
+            case STALE -> "That character page is stale; reopen it before changing passives.";
+            case UNAVAILABLE -> "That character or passive is unavailable.";
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static String abilityMessage(boolean unlock, String ability,
+                                         CharacterStorage.AbilityMutationStatus status) {
+        return switch (status) {
+            case APPLIED -> unlock ? "Learned " + ability + " and assigned it to the first available slot."
+                : "Unlearned " + ability + " and refunded 1 point.";
+            case UNCHANGED -> ability + " is unchanged.";
             case REQUIREMENTS -> "The purchased base-stat requirements are not met.";
             case NO_POINTS -> "This character does not have enough unspent points.";
+            case LOADOUT_FULL -> "All seven ability slots are occupied; unlearn an ability before learning another.";
             case ALREADY_LEARNED -> "This character already knows " + ability + ".";
-            case NOT_LEARNED -> "Learn " + ability + " before assigning it.";
+            case NOT_LEARNED -> "This character no longer knows " + ability + ".";
             case STALE -> "That character page is stale; reopen it before changing abilities.";
             case COOLDOWN -> "That ability is still on cooldown.";
             case UNAVAILABLE -> "That character or ability is unavailable.";
@@ -336,10 +655,11 @@ public final class CharacterBookController implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Au
         views.remove(owner);
         statViews.remove(owner);
         abilityViews.remove(owner);
+        passiveViews.remove(owner);
         partyControls.forget(owner);
     }
 
     @Override public void close() {
-        closed = true; pending.clear(); views.clear(); statViews.clear(); abilityViews.clear(); partyControls.close();
+        closed = true; pending.clear(); views.clear(); statViews.clear(); abilityViews.clear(); passiveViews.clear(); partyControls.close();
     }
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/book/PartyBookControls.java

@@ -63,26 +63,14 @@ public final class PartyBookControls implements AutoCloseable {
         if (menu == Menu.ROOT) {
             Component summary = Component.text("Party\n\n");
             if (party.isEmpty()) {
-                summary = summary.append(build.button("Create party", () -> mutate(input, () -> parties.create(owner).isPresent())))
-                    .append(Component.newline()).append(build.button("Invitations", () -> show(input, Menu.INVITATIONS, 0)));
-                build.pages.add(summary);
+                build.pages.add(summary.append(Component.text("No party.\n\nVisit a Party\nRegistrar.\nCreate, join, or\nmanage one.")));
             } else {
                 var group = party.orElseThrow();
-                boolean leader = group.leader().equals(owner);
-                summary = summary.append(Component.text(group.members().size() + "/6 members\n\n"))
-                    .append(build.button("Leave party", () -> mutate(input, () -> parties.leave(owner, group.id()))));
-                if (leader) {
-                    summary = summary.append(Component.newline())
-                        .append(build.button("Disband party", () -> mutate(input, () -> parties.disband(owner, group.id()))));
-                    if (group.members().size() < 6) summary = summary.append(Component.newline())
-                        .append(build.button("Invite players", () -> show(input, Menu.PLAYERS, 0)));
-                }
+                summary = summary.append(Component.text(group.characters().size() + " members\n" + group.members().size() + " active\n\nManage this party\nonly at a Party\nRegistrar."));
                 build.pages.add(summary);
-                for (var member : group.members()) {
-                    Component row = Component.text(member.equals(group.leader()) ? "Leader\n\n" : "Member\n\n").append(names.apply(member));
-                    if (leader && !member.equals(owner)) row = row.append(Component.text("\n\n"))
-                        .append(build.button("Kick", () -> mutate(input, () -> parties.kick(owner, group.id(), member))));
-                    build.pages.add(row);
+                for (var member : group.characters()) {
+                    Component label=parties.activePlayer(member).map(names).orElse(Component.text("Character\n"+member.toString().substring(0,8)));
+                    build.pages.add(Component.text(member.equals(group.leaderCharacter()) ? "Leader\n\n" : "Member\n\n").append(label));
                 }
             }
         } else if (menu == Menu.PLAYERS) {

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/combat/BasicAttack.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package games.dmg.fantasystick.combat;
 
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityReport;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.presentation.CombatFeedback;
 import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
 import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
 import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
@@ -23,6 +25,8 @@ public final class BasicAttack implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Listener, Auto
     private static final Duration CADENCE = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
     private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
     private final Clock clock;
+    private final CombatFeedback feedback;
+    private final games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage trainingDamage;
     private final Map<UUID, Instant> readyAt = new HashMap<>();
     private Pending pending;
     private boolean closed;
@@ -38,12 +42,23 @@ public final class BasicAttack implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Listener, Auto
     }
 
     public BasicAttack(EquipmentSessions sessions) {
-        this(sessions, Clock.systemUTC());
+        this(sessions, Clock.systemUTC(), null);
     }
 
     public BasicAttack(EquipmentSessions sessions, Clock clock) {
+        this(sessions, clock, null);
+    }
+
+    public BasicAttack(EquipmentSessions sessions, Clock clock, CombatFeedback feedback) {
+        this(sessions, clock, feedback, games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage.passthrough());
+    }
+
+    public BasicAttack(EquipmentSessions sessions, Clock clock, CombatFeedback feedback,
+                       games.dmg.fantasystick.training.TrainingDamage trainingDamage) {
         this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
         this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock);
+        this.feedback = feedback;
+        this.trainingDamage = Objects.requireNonNull(trainingDamage);
     }
 
     @Override public void accept(ControlInput input) {
@@ -60,7 +75,11 @@ public final class BasicAttack implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Listener, Auto
         var attempt = new Pending(input, target, now);
         pending = attempt;
         try {
-            target.damage(nativeDamage, input.player());
+            var measured = trainingDamage.apply(input.player(), target, () -> target.damage(nativeDamage, input.player()));
+            measured.ifPresent(amount -> {
+                attempt.accepted = true;
+                if (feedback != null) feedback.report("Basic Attack", input.player(), AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE, target, amount);
+            });
         } finally {
             if (pending == attempt) pending = null;
             if (attempt.accepted) readyAt.put(input.session().character(), attempt.attackedAt.plus(CADENCE));
@@ -78,9 +97,11 @@ public final class BasicAttack implements Consumer<ControlInput>, Listener, Auto
     public void acceptedDamage(EntityDamageByEntityEvent event) {
         var attempt = pending;
         if (closed || attempt == null || event.isCancelled() || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0
-                || event.getDamager() != attempt.input.player() || event.getEntity() != attempt.target
+                || !Double.isFinite(event.getFinalDamage()) || event.getDamager() != attempt.input.player() || event.getEntity() != attempt.target
                 || !attempt.input.stillCurrent() || !sessions.current(attempt.input.session())) return;
         attempt.accepted = true;
+        if (feedback != null) feedback.report("Basic Attack", attempt.input.player(), AbilityReport.Type.DAMAGE,
+            event.getEntity(), java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(event.getFinalDamage()).stripTrailingZeros());
     }
 
     @Override public void close() {

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/crafting/CharacterFactory.java

@@ -19,12 +19,26 @@ public final class CharacterFactory {
         "Hollow", "Lark", "Mist", "Reed", "Stone", "Thorn", "Vale", "Willow"};
     private final Supplier<UUID> identities;
     private final RandomGenerator names;
+    private final Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coins;
+    private final RandomGenerator coinRandom;
 
-    public CharacterFactory() { this(UUID::randomUUID, RandomGenerator.getDefault()); }
+    public CharacterFactory() { this(UUID::randomUUID, RandomGenerator.getDefault(),
+        games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules::defaults, RandomGenerator.getDefault()); }
+
+    public CharacterFactory(Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coins) {
+        this(UUID::randomUUID, RandomGenerator.getDefault(), coins, RandomGenerator.getDefault());
+    }
 
     CharacterFactory(Supplier<UUID> identities, RandomGenerator names) {
+        this(identities, names, games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules::defaults, names);
+    }
+
+    CharacterFactory(Supplier<UUID> identities, RandomGenerator names,
+            Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coins, RandomGenerator coinRandom) {
         this.identities = Objects.requireNonNull(identities);
         this.names = Objects.requireNonNull(names);
+        this.coins = Objects.requireNonNull(coins);
+        this.coinRandom = Objects.requireNonNull(coinRandom);
     }
 
     public synchronized CharacterRecord create(ProgressionRules rules) {
@@ -34,6 +48,7 @@ public final class CharacterFactory {
             + FAMILY_NAMES[names.nextInt(FAMILY_NAMES.length)];
         return new CharacterRecord(initial.characterId(), name, initial.revision(), initial.stats(),
             initial.level(), initial.experience(), initial.unspentPoints(), initial.currentHealth(),
-            Set.of(), Collections.nCopies(7, ""), Map.of(), false, null, null);
+            Set.of(), Collections.nCopies(7, ""), java.util.List.of("", "", ""), Map.of(), Map.of(),
+            false, null, null, coins.get().starting(coinRandom), true, Set.of());
     }
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/crafting/RecipeDiscovery.java

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.crafting;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+import org.bukkit.NamespacedKey;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerJoinEvent;
+
+/** Idempotent recipe-book visibility; recipe registration and crafting remain separate authorities. */
+public final class RecipeDiscovery implements Listener {
+    private final NamespacedKey recipe;
+    private final Logger logger;
+
+    public RecipeDiscovery(NamespacedKey recipe, Logger logger) {
+        this.recipe = Objects.requireNonNull(recipe, "recipe");
+        this.logger = Objects.requireNonNull(logger, "logger");
+    }
+
+    public void discoverAll(Iterable<? extends Player> players) {
+        for (var player : players) discover(player);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void onJoin(PlayerJoinEvent event) {
+        discover(event.getPlayer());
+    }
+
+    public void discover(Player player) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(player, "player");
+        try {
+            if (player.hasDiscoveredRecipe(recipe)) return;
+            player.discoverRecipes(List.of(recipe));
+            if (!player.hasDiscoveredRecipe(recipe)) {
+                logger.warning("Could not discover character-sheet recipe for " + label(player));
+            }
+        } catch (RuntimeException failure) {
+            logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Could not discover character-sheet recipe for " + label(player), failure);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String label(Player player) {
+        try { return player.getName(); }
+        catch (RuntimeException ignored) { return "an unidentified player"; }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/items/CharacterSheets.java

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;
 /** Sheet presentation/identity only; saved records and session eligibility remain authoritative. */
 public final class CharacterSheets {
     public static final NamespacedKey RECIPE = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "character_sheet");
+    public static final NamespacedKey MODEL = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "character_sheet");
     private static final NamespacedKey VERSION = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "sheet_version");
     private static final NamespacedKey CHARACTER = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "character_id");
     private static final List<Component> INSTRUCTION = List.of(Component.text("Character sheet:"),
@@ -26,15 +27,18 @@ public final class CharacterSheets {
         var data = meta.getPersistentDataContainer();
         data.set(VERSION, PersistentDataType.INTEGER, 1);
         data.set(CHARACTER, PersistentDataType.STRING, character.id().toString());
+        meta.setItemModel(MODEL);
         item.setItemMeta(meta);
         return item;
     }
 
     /** Definition only: a future craft-completion adapter must persist and mint each actual result. */
     public ShapelessRecipe recipe() {
-        return new ShapelessRecipe(RECIPE, paper("Character sheet"))
+        var recipe = new ShapelessRecipe(RECIPE, paper("Character sheet"))
             .addIngredient(Material.STICK).addIngredient(Material.PAPER)
             .addIngredient(Material.FEATHER).addIngredient(Material.INK_SAC);
+        recipe.setCategory(org.bukkit.inventory.recipe.CraftingBookCategory.MISC);
+        return recipe;
     }
 
     private static ItemStack paper(String name) {
@@ -46,6 +50,16 @@ public final class CharacterSheets {
         return item;
     }
 
+    /** Adds only the cosmetic model association to an already authentic sheet. */
+    public boolean applyModel(ItemStack item) {
+        if (identify(item).isEmpty()) return false;
+        var meta = item.getItemMeta();
+        if (MODEL.equals(meta.getItemModel())) return true;
+        meta.setItemModel(MODEL);
+        item.setItemMeta(meta);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /** A reference, not authorization to activate: the caller must load saved state and claim the session. */
     public Optional<UUID> identify(ItemStack item) {
         if (item == null || item.getType() != Material.PAPER || !item.hasItemMeta()) return Optional.empty();

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/items/EquipmentStorage.java

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public final class EquipmentStorage {
         for (int slot : EQUIPMENT_SLOTS) {
             if (slot == 39) continue;
             var current = inventory.getItem(slot);
-            if (!empty(current) && !(slot < 9 && ownedControl.test(current.clone()))) return RestoreResult.OCCUPIED_SLOT;
+            if (!empty(current) && !ownedControl.test(current.clone())) return RestoreResult.OCCUPIED_SLOT;
         }
         var currentHead = inventory.getItem(39);
         var displacedHead = empty(currentHead) ? null : currentHead.clone();

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/items/GearItems.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.items;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.*;import java.util.*;import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;import org.bukkit.*;import org.bukkit.inventory.*;import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;import org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin;
+/** Native unbreakable session-bound projection of permanent character armor. */
+public final class GearItems{
+ private final NamespacedKey typeKey,ownerKey,sessionKey,slotKey,tierKey;
+ public GearItems(Plugin plugin){typeKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"character_gear");ownerKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"character_gear_owner");sessionKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"character_gear_session");slotKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"character_gear_slot");tierKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"character_gear_tier");}
+ public ItemStack create(GearSlot slot,GearTier tier,UUID owner,UUID session){if(tier==GearTier.NONE)return null;var item=new ItemStack(material(slot,tier));var meta=item.getItemMeta();meta.setUnbreakable(true);meta.setMaxStackSize(1);meta.displayName(Component.text("Fantasy "+title(tier)+" "+title(slot)));var data=meta.getPersistentDataContainer();data.set(typeKey,PersistentDataType.INTEGER,1);data.set(ownerKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,owner.toString());data.set(sessionKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,session.toString());data.set(slotKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,slot.name());data.set(tierKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,tier.name());item.setItemMeta(meta);return item;}
+ public boolean gear(ItemStack item){return item!=null&&!item.isEmpty()&&Integer.valueOf(1).equals(item.getItemMeta().getPersistentDataContainer().get(typeKey,PersistentDataType.INTEGER));}
+ public boolean owned(ItemStack item,UUID owner,UUID session){if(!gear(item))return false;var data=item.getItemMeta().getPersistentDataContainer();return owner.toString().equals(data.get(ownerKey,PersistentDataType.STRING))&&session.toString().equals(data.get(sessionKey,PersistentDataType.STRING));}
+ public void install(PlayerInventory inventory,CharacterRecord record,UUID owner,UUID session){inventory.setChestplate(create(GearSlot.CHESTPLATE,record.gear().chestplate(),owner,session));inventory.setLeggings(create(GearSlot.LEGGINGS,record.gear().leggings(),owner,session));inventory.setBoots(create(GearSlot.BOOTS,record.gear().boots(),owner,session));}
+ private static String title(Enum<?> value){String text=value.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replace('_',' ');return Character.toUpperCase(text.charAt(0))+text.substring(1);}
+ private static Material material(GearSlot slot,GearTier tier){return Material.valueOf((tier==GearTier.GOLD?"GOLDEN":tier.name())+"_"+switch(slot){case CHESTPLATE->"CHESTPLATE";case LEGGINGS->"LEGGINGS";case BOOTS->"BOOTS";});}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/items/SessionControls.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package games.dmg.fantasystick.items;
 
 import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import java.time.Clock;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
@@ -17,7 +18,9 @@ import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;
  * The caller must enforce session custody and suppress vanilla item uses; this class registers no events.
  */
 public final class SessionControls {
+    public static final NamespacedKey COOLDOWN_MODEL = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "cooldown_control");
     private final games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry registry;
+    private final Clock clock;
     private static final NamespacedKey VERSION = key("control_version");
     private static final NamespacedKey OWNER = key("control_owner_id");
     private static final NamespacedKey SESSION = key("control_session_id");
@@ -52,9 +55,13 @@ public final class SessionControls {
 
     public record Identity(UUID owner, UUID session, int slot) { }
 
-    public SessionControls() { this(new games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry()); }
+    public SessionControls() { this(new games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry(), Clock.systemUTC()); }
     public SessionControls(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry registry) {
+        this(registry, Clock.systemUTC());
+    }
+    public SessionControls(games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityRegistry registry, Clock clock) {
         this.registry = Objects.requireNonNull(registry);
+        this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock);
     }
 
     private Icon icon(String ability) {
@@ -71,24 +78,29 @@ public final class SessionControls {
         Objects.requireNonNull(owner);
         Objects.requireNonNull(session);
         var items = new ItemStack[9];
+        var now = clock.instant();
         for (int slot = 0; slot < items.length; slot++) {
             String ability = slot < 2 ? "" : character.loadout().get(slot - 2);
             Icon abilityIcon = ability.isEmpty() ? null : icon(ability);
+            var deadline = ability.isEmpty() ? null : character.cooldowns().get(ability);
+            boolean cooling = abilityIcon != null && deadline != null && now.isBefore(deadline);
             Icon icon = slot == 0 ? new Icon(Material.BOOK, "Character book")
                 : slot == 1 ? new Icon(Material.STICK, "Basic attack")
                 : ability.isEmpty() ? new Icon(Material.GRAY_DYE, "No Ability")
-                : abilityIcon == null ? new Icon(Material.PAPER, "Unavailable ability: " + ability) : abilityIcon;
+                : abilityIcon == null ? new Icon(Material.PAPER, "Unavailable ability: " + ability)
+                : cooling ? new Icon(Material.GRAY_STAINED_GLASS_PANE, abilityIcon.name() + " — Cooling Down") : abilityIcon;
             var item = new ItemStack(icon.material());
             var meta = item.getItemMeta();
             meta.displayName(Component.text(icon.name()));
             meta.setMaxStackSize(1);
+            if (cooling) meta.setItemModel(COOLDOWN_MODEL);
             var data = meta.getPersistentDataContainer();
             data.set(VERSION, PersistentDataType.INTEGER, 1);
             data.set(OWNER, PersistentDataType.STRING, owner.toString());
             data.set(SESSION, PersistentDataType.STRING, session.toString());
             data.set(SLOT, PersistentDataType.INTEGER, slot);
             data.set(KIND, PersistentDataType.STRING, slot == 0 ? "book" : slot == 1 ? "basic_attack"
-                : ability.isEmpty() ? "empty" : abilityIcon != null ? "ability" : "unavailable");
+                : ability.isEmpty() ? "empty" : abilityIcon == null ? "unavailable" : cooling ? "cooldown" : "ability");
             if (!ability.isEmpty()) data.set(ABILITY, PersistentDataType.STRING, ability);
             item.setItemMeta(meta);
             items[slot] = item;
@@ -123,7 +135,8 @@ public final class SessionControls {
     public Optional<String> ability(ItemStack item) {
         if (identify(item).isEmpty()) return Optional.empty();
         var data = item.getPersistentDataContainer();
-        return "ability".equals(data.get(KIND, PersistentDataType.STRING))
+        String kind = data.get(KIND, PersistentDataType.STRING);
+        return kind.equals("ability") || kind.equals("cooldown")
             ? Optional.of(data.get(ABILITY, PersistentDataType.STRING)) : Optional.empty();
     }
 
@@ -137,6 +150,7 @@ public final class SessionControls {
         if (ability.isBlank()) return false;
         Icon icon = icon(ability);
         return kind.equals("ability") ? icon != null && icon.material() == material
+            : kind.equals("cooldown") ? icon != null && material == Material.GRAY_STAINED_GLASS_PANE
             : kind.equals("unavailable") && icon == null && material == Material.PAPER;
     }
 

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/items/TailBooks.java

@@ -37,9 +37,11 @@ public final class TailBooks {
         meta.displayName(Component.text(fullTitle));
         List<Component> pages = new ArrayList<>();
         var summary = new StringBuilder(fullTitle).append("\nLevel: ").append(character.level())
-            .append("\nXP: ").append(character.experience()).append("\nUnspent points: ").append(character.unspentPoints());
+            .append("\nXP: ").append(character.experience()).append("\nUnspent points: ").append(character.unspentPoints())
+            .append("\nCoins: ").append(character.coins());
         for (Stat stat : Stat.values()) summary.append('\n').append(stat).append(": ").append(character.stats().get(stat));
         pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages(summary.toString()));
+        pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages("Gear\nHead: Cosmetic\nChestplate: "+tier(character.gear().chestplate())+"\nLeggings: "+tier(character.gear().leggings())+"\nBoots: "+tier(character.gear().boots())));
         if (character.learned().isEmpty()) pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages("Abilities: None"));
         character.learned().stream().sorted().forEach(ability -> {
             var slots = new ArrayList<String>();
@@ -52,6 +54,14 @@ public final class TailBooks {
             section.append(deadline == null ? "\nCooldown: none" : "\nCooldown until:\n" + deadline);
             pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages(section.toString()));
         });
+        if (character.passives().stream().allMatch(String::isEmpty)) {
+            pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages("Passives: None"));
+        } else {
+            for (int slot = 0; slot < character.passives().size(); slot++) {
+                String passive = character.passives().get(slot);
+                if (!passive.isEmpty()) pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages("Passive: " + passive + "\nSlot: " + (slot + 1)));
+            }
+        }
         // Unlearned/unknown saved cooldowns remain readable without pretending they are learned abilities.
         character.cooldowns().keySet().stream().filter(id -> !character.learned().contains(id)).sorted().forEach(id ->
             pages.addAll(BookPagination.pages("Saved cooldown\n" + id + "\nUntil:\n" + character.cooldowns().get(id))));
@@ -65,6 +75,11 @@ public final class TailBooks {
         return item;
     }
 
+    private static String tier(games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.GearTier tier) {
+        String value = tier.name().toLowerCase(java.util.Locale.ROOT);
+        return Character.toUpperCase(value.charAt(0)) + value.substring(1);
+    }
+
     public Optional<Identity> identify(ItemStack item) {
         if (item == null || item.getType() != Material.WRITTEN_BOOK || !item.hasItemMeta()) return Optional.empty();
         var data = item.getItemMeta().getPersistentDataContainer();

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/CharacterParty.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/** Durable party identity; every person reference is a transferable character UUID. */
+public record CharacterParty(UUID id, BigInteger revision, String displayName, String canonicalName,
+        UUID leader, Set<UUID> members, List<Invitation> invitations,UUID lastPaidOperation) {
+    public CharacterParty(UUID id,BigInteger revision,String displayName,String canonicalName,UUID leader,Set<UUID> members,List<Invitation> invitations){this(id,revision,displayName,canonicalName,leader,members,invitations,null);}
+    public record Invitation(UUID id, UUID character) {
+        public Invitation { Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(character); }
+    }
+
+    public CharacterParty {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(revision); Objects.requireNonNull(displayName);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(canonicalName); Objects.requireNonNull(leader);
+        members = Set.copyOf(members); invitations = List.copyOf(invitations);
+        var memberIds = members;
+        var parsed = PartyNames.parse(displayName);
+        var invitationIds = new HashSet<UUID>();
+        var targets = new HashSet<UUID>();
+        if (revision.signum() < 0 || parsed.isEmpty() || !parsed.orElseThrow().canonical().equals(canonicalName)
+                || !members.contains(leader) || members.isEmpty()
+                || invitations.stream().anyMatch(invitation -> !invitationIds.add(invitation.id())
+                    || !targets.add(invitation.character()) || memberIds.contains(invitation.character()))) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid character party");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/CharacterPartyDirectory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.PartyOperationStore;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.YamlPartyRepository;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.function.IntSupplier;
+
+/** Serialized durable character-party mutations with an immutable acknowledged read snapshot. */
+public final class CharacterPartyDirectory implements AutoCloseable {
+    public enum Status { APPLIED, DUPLICATE, NAME_TAKEN, FULL, ALREADY_MEMBER, INVALID }
+    public enum Defeat { UNCHANGED, MEMBER_REMOVED, PARTY_DISBANDED }
+    public record Offer(UUID id, UUID party, UUID character) { }
+    public record PaidResult(Result result,CharacterStorage.CoinSpend spend){}
+    public record Result(Status status, Optional<CharacterParty> party, Optional<Offer> invitation) {
+        static Result of(Status status) { return new Result(status, Optional.empty(), Optional.empty()); }
+        static Result party(Status status, CharacterParty party) {
+            return new Result(status, Optional.of(party), Optional.empty());
+        }
+        static Result invite(Status status, CharacterParty party, CharacterParty.Invitation invitation) {
+            return new Result(status, Optional.of(party), Optional.of(new Offer(invitation.id(), party.id(), invitation.character())));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final YamlPartyRepository repository;
+    private final IntSupplier maximumSize;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-party-persistence"));
+    private volatile List<CharacterParty> snapshot;
+    private volatile java.util.function.Consumer<CharacterParty> ended=ignored->{};
+    private volatile boolean closed;
+    private volatile boolean ready=true;
+    private volatile CompletableFuture<Void> readiness=CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public CharacterPartyDirectory(YamlPartyRepository repository, IntSupplier maximumSize) throws IOException {
+        this.repository = Objects.requireNonNull(repository);
+        this.maximumSize = Objects.requireNonNull(maximumSize);
+        snapshot = repository.load();
+        maximumSize();
+    }
+
+    public List<CharacterParty> all(){return snapshot;}
+    public synchronized void suspend(){if(!ready)return;ready=false;readiness=new CompletableFuture<>();}
+    public synchronized void resume(){ready=true;readiness.complete(null);}public boolean ready(){return ready;}public java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> readiness(){return readiness.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    public void attachEnded(java.util.function.Consumer<CharacterParty> notification){ended=Objects.requireNonNull(notification);}
+    public Optional<CharacterParty> partyOf(UUID character) {
+        return snapshot.stream().filter(party -> party.members().contains(character)).findFirst();
+    }
+    public Optional<CharacterParty> partyById(UUID id) {
+        return snapshot.stream().filter(party -> party.id().equals(id)).findFirst();
+    }
+    public Optional<CharacterParty> partyByCanonicalName(String canonical) {
+        return snapshot.stream().filter(party -> party.canonicalName().equals(canonical)).findFirst();
+    }
+    public List<Offer> invitationsFor(UUID character) {
+        return snapshot.stream().flatMap(party -> party.invitations().stream()
+            .filter(invitation -> invitation.character().equals(character))
+            .map(invitation -> new Offer(invitation.id(), party.id(), character)))
+            .sorted(Comparator.comparing(Offer::id)).toList();
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> create(UUID leader, String input) {
+        return create(UUID.randomUUID(),leader,input);
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> create(UUID partyId, UUID leader, String input) {
+        return submit(() -> createNow(partyId,leader,input));
+    }
+    private Result createNow(UUID partyId,UUID leader,String input)throws IOException{
+        var completed=partyById(partyId);if(completed.isPresent())return Result.party(Status.DUPLICATE,completed.orElseThrow());
+        var name=PartyNames.parse(input);if(name.isEmpty())return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+        if(partyOf(leader).isPresent())return Result.of(Status.ALREADY_MEMBER);
+        if(partyByCanonicalName(name.orElseThrow().canonical()).isPresent())return Result.of(Status.NAME_TAKEN);
+        var party=new CharacterParty(partyId,BigInteger.ZERO,name.orElseThrow().display(),name.orElseThrow().canonical(),leader,Set.of(leader),List.of());var next=new ArrayList<>(snapshot);next.add(party);save(next);return Result.party(Status.APPLIED,party);
+    }
+    public CompletableFuture<PaidResult> paidCreate(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,CharacterStorage characters){return submit(()->{
+        if(plan.kind()!=PartyOperationStore.Kind.CREATE)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected create operation");
+        var existing=partyById(plan.id());if(existing.isPresent()){var spent=debit(plan,characters,plan.expectedRevision());if(refunded(plan,spent)&&plan.id().equals(existing.orElseThrow().lastPaidOperation())){remove(existing.orElseThrow());return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),new CharacterStorage.CoinSpend(CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.STALE,spent.record()));}return new PaidResult(Result.party(Status.DUPLICATE,existing.orElseThrow()),spent);}
+        var name=PartyNames.parse(plan.name());if(name.isEmpty())return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),null);
+        if(partyOf(plan.actor()).isPresent())return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.ALREADY_MEMBER),null);
+        if(partyByCanonicalName(name.orElseThrow().canonical()).isPresent())return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.NAME_TAKEN),null);
+        var spent=debit(plan,characters,plan.expectedRevision());if(spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.APPLIED&&spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.DUPLICATE)return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),spent);if(refunded(plan,spent))return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),new CharacterStorage.CoinSpend(CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.STALE,spent.record()));
+        var party=new CharacterParty(plan.id(),BigInteger.ZERO,name.orElseThrow().display(),name.orElseThrow().canonical(),plan.actor(),Set.of(plan.actor()),List.of(),plan.id());var next=new ArrayList<>(snapshot);next.add(party);try{save(next);return new PaidResult(Result.party(Status.APPLIED,party),spent);}catch(IOException persistenceFailure){return compensate(plan,characters,persistenceFailure);} 
+    });}
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> invite(UUID leader, UUID partyId, UUID target) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var party = managed(leader, partyId);
+            if (party.isEmpty() || partyOf(target).isPresent() || leader.equals(target)) return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            var existing = party.orElseThrow().invitations().stream()
+                .filter(invitation -> invitation.character().equals(target)).findFirst();
+            if (existing.isPresent()) return Result.invite(Status.DUPLICATE, party.orElseThrow(), existing.orElseThrow());
+            var invitation = new CharacterParty.Invitation(UUID.randomUUID(), target);
+            var invitations = new ArrayList<>(party.orElseThrow().invitations()); invitations.add(invitation);
+            var updated = copy(party.orElseThrow(), party.orElseThrow().leader(), party.orElseThrow().members(), invitations);
+            replace(party.orElseThrow(), updated);
+            return Result.invite(Status.APPLIED, updated, invitation);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> accept(UUID character, UUID invitationId) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            CharacterParty party = null; CharacterParty.Invitation invitation = null;
+            for (var candidate : snapshot) for (var offer : candidate.invitations()) {
+                if (offer.id().equals(invitationId)) { party = candidate; invitation = offer; }
+            }
+            if (party == null || !invitation.character().equals(character)) return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            if (partyOf(character).isPresent()) return Result.of(Status.ALREADY_MEMBER);
+            if (party.members().size() >= maximumSize()) return Result.of(Status.FULL);
+            var members = new java.util.HashSet<>(party.members()); members.add(character);
+            var updated = copy(party, party.leader(), members,
+                party.invitations().stream().filter(value -> !value.id().equals(invitationId)).toList());
+            var next = new ArrayList<CharacterParty>();
+            for (var candidate : snapshot) {
+                var base = candidate.id().equals(party.id()) ? updated : candidate;
+                var offers = base.invitations().stream().filter(value -> !value.character().equals(character)).toList();
+                next.add(offers.size() == base.invitations().size() ? base
+                    : copy(base, base.leader(), base.members(), offers));
+            }
+            save(next);
+            return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, partyById(party.id()).orElseThrow());
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> decline(UUID character, UUID invitationId) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            for (var party : snapshot) {
+                var invitation = party.invitations().stream().filter(value -> value.id().equals(invitationId)).findFirst();
+                if (invitation.isEmpty() || !invitation.orElseThrow().character().equals(character)) continue;
+                var updated = copy(party, party.leader(), party.members(),
+                    party.invitations().stream().filter(value -> !value.id().equals(invitationId)).toList());
+                replace(party, updated); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, updated);
+            }
+            return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> cancel(UUID leader, UUID partyId, UUID invitationId) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var party = managed(leader, partyId);
+            if (party.isEmpty() || party.orElseThrow().invitations().stream().noneMatch(value -> value.id().equals(invitationId))) {
+                return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            }
+            var updated = copy(party.orElseThrow(), leader, party.orElseThrow().members(),
+                party.orElseThrow().invitations().stream().filter(value -> !value.id().equals(invitationId)).toList());
+            replace(party.orElseThrow(), updated); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, updated);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> kick(UUID leader, UUID partyId, UUID member) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var party = managed(leader, partyId);
+            if (party.isEmpty() || member.equals(leader) || !party.orElseThrow().members().contains(member)) {
+                return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            }
+            var members = new java.util.HashSet<>(party.orElseThrow().members()); members.remove(member);
+            var updated = copy(party.orElseThrow(), leader, members, party.orElseThrow().invitations());
+            replace(party.orElseThrow(), updated); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, updated);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> leave(UUID character, UUID partyId) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var party = partyOf(character).filter(value -> value.id().equals(partyId));
+            if (party.isEmpty()) return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            if (party.orElseThrow().leader().equals(character)) {
+                remove(party.orElseThrow()); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, party.orElseThrow());
+            }
+            var members = new java.util.HashSet<>(party.orElseThrow().members()); members.remove(character);
+            var updated = copy(party.orElseThrow(), party.orElseThrow().leader(), members,
+                party.orElseThrow().invitations());
+            replace(party.orElseThrow(), updated); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, updated);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> disband(UUID leader, UUID partyId) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var party = managed(leader, partyId);
+            if (party.isEmpty()) return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            remove(party.orElseThrow()); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, party.orElseThrow());
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Result> transfer(UUID leader, UUID partyId, UUID target) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var existing=partyById(partyId);
+            if(existing.isPresent()&&existing.orElseThrow().leader().equals(target)
+                    &&existing.orElseThrow().members().contains(leader))return Result.party(Status.DUPLICATE,existing.orElseThrow());
+            var party = managed(leader, partyId);
+            if (party.isEmpty() || target.equals(leader) || !party.orElseThrow().members().contains(target)) {
+                return Result.of(Status.INVALID);
+            }
+            var updated = copy(party.orElseThrow(), target, party.orElseThrow().members(), party.orElseThrow().invitations());
+            replace(party.orElseThrow(), updated); return Result.party(Status.APPLIED, updated);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<PaidResult> paidTransfer(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,CharacterStorage characters){return submit(()->{
+        if(plan.kind()!=PartyOperationStore.Kind.TRANSFER)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected transfer operation");
+        var existing=partyById(plan.party());
+        if(existing.isPresent()&&plan.id().equals(existing.orElseThrow().lastPaidOperation())){var spent=debit(plan,characters,plan.expectedRevision());if(refunded(plan,spent)){var reverted=new CharacterParty(existing.orElseThrow().id(),existing.orElseThrow().revision().add(BigInteger.ONE),existing.orElseThrow().displayName(),existing.orElseThrow().canonicalName(),plan.actor(),existing.orElseThrow().members(),existing.orElseThrow().invitations(),null);replace(existing.orElseThrow(),reverted);return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),new CharacterStorage.CoinSpend(CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.STALE,spent.record()));}return new PaidResult(Result.party(Status.DUPLICATE,existing.orElseThrow()),spent);}
+        if(existing.isEmpty()||!existing.orElseThrow().revision().equals(plan.expectedPartyRevision()))return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),null);
+        var party=managed(plan.actor(),plan.party());if(party.isEmpty()||plan.target().equals(plan.actor())||!party.orElseThrow().members().contains(plan.target()))return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),null);
+        var spent=debit(plan,characters,plan.expectedRevision());if(spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.APPLIED&&spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.DUPLICATE)return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),spent);if(refunded(plan,spent))return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),new CharacterStorage.CoinSpend(CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.STALE,spent.record()));
+        var updated=new CharacterParty(party.orElseThrow().id(),party.orElseThrow().revision().add(BigInteger.ONE),party.orElseThrow().displayName(),party.orElseThrow().canonicalName(),plan.target(),party.orElseThrow().members(),party.orElseThrow().invitations(),plan.id());try{replace(party.orElseThrow(),updated);}catch(IOException persistenceFailure){return compensate(plan,characters,persistenceFailure);}return new PaidResult(Result.party(Status.APPLIED,updated),spent);
+    });}
+    private CharacterStorage.CoinSpend debit(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,CharacterStorage characters,BigInteger expected){return characters.spendCoins(plan.actor(),expected,plan.id(),plan.amount()).join();}
+    private static boolean refunded(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,CharacterStorage.CoinSpend spent){return spent.record().map(value->value.rewardReceipts().contains(PartyOperationStore.refundId(plan.id()))).orElse(false);}
+    private PaidResult compensate(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,CharacterStorage characters,IOException failure)throws IOException{var refund=characters.refundCoins(plan.actor(),plan.id(),PartyOperationStore.refundId(plan.id()),plan.amount()).join();if(refund.status()==CharacterStorage.CoinRefundStatus.APPLIED||refund.status()==CharacterStorage.CoinRefundStatus.DUPLICATE)return new PaidResult(Result.of(Status.INVALID),new CharacterStorage.CoinSpend(CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.STALE,refund.record()));throw failure;}
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Defeat> defeat(UUID character) {
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var membership=partyOf(character);var endedParty=membership.filter(value->value.leader().equals(character)).orElse(null);var next=new ArrayList<CharacterParty>();boolean changed=false;
+            for(var party:snapshot){if(endedParty!=null&&party.id().equals(endedParty.id())){changed=true;continue;}var members=party.members();if(membership.isPresent()&&party.id().equals(membership.orElseThrow().id())){var reduced=new java.util.HashSet<>(members);reduced.remove(character);members=Set.copyOf(reduced);changed=true;}var invitations=party.invitations().stream().filter(value->!value.character().equals(character)).toList();if(invitations.size()!=party.invitations().size())changed=true;next.add(members.equals(party.members())&&invitations.equals(party.invitations())?party:copy(party,party.leader(),members,invitations));}
+            if(changed)save(next);if(endedParty!=null){try{ended.accept(endedParty);}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}return Defeat.PARTY_DISBANDED;}return membership.isPresent()?Defeat.MEMBER_REMOVED:Defeat.UNCHANGED;
+        });
+    }
+
+    private Optional<CharacterParty> managed(UUID leader, UUID id) {
+        return partyById(id).filter(party -> party.leader().equals(leader));
+    }
+    private CharacterParty copy(CharacterParty old, UUID leader, Set<UUID> members,
+            List<CharacterParty.Invitation> invitations) {
+        return new CharacterParty(old.id(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.displayName(), old.canonicalName(),
+            leader, members, invitations,old.lastPaidOperation());
+    }
+    private void replace(CharacterParty old, CharacterParty updated) throws IOException {
+        var next = snapshot.stream().map(party -> party.id().equals(old.id()) ? updated : party).toList(); save(next);
+    }
+    private void remove(CharacterParty party) throws IOException {
+        save(snapshot.stream().filter(candidate -> !candidate.id().equals(party.id())).toList());
+        try{ended.accept(party);}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}
+    }
+    private void save(List<CharacterParty> next) throws IOException {
+        repository.save(next); snapshot = List.copyOf(next);
+    }
+    private int maximumSize() {
+        int value = maximumSize.getAsInt(); if (value < 1) throw new IllegalStateException("Party maximum must be positive");
+        return value;
+    }
+    private <T> CompletableFuture<T> submit(Callable<T> operation) {
+        var future = new CompletableFuture<T>();
+        synchronized(this){if (closed) { future.completeExceptionally(new IllegalStateException("Party directory is closed")); return future; }pending++;}
+        worker.execute(() -> { try { future.complete(operation.call()); } catch (Throwable failure) { future.completeExceptionally(failure); } finally{finished();} });
+        return future;
+    }
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+    public java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/CombatExperience.java

@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ import org.bukkit.event.entity.PlayerDeathEvent;
 /** Accepted native contribution capture and durable character-bound XP delivery. */
 public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
     public record Failure(UUID character, Throwable cause) { }
-    private record Defeat(EquipmentSessions.Active active, int level) { }
+    private record Defeat(EquipmentSessions.Active active, int level, BigInteger coins) { }
+    private record Eligible(UUID character, UUID player) { }
     private static final Set<EntityType> PASSIVE = Set.of(
         EntityType.ALLAY, EntityType.ARMADILLO, EntityType.AXOLOTL, EntityType.BAT, EntityType.CAMEL,
         EntityType.CAT, EntityType.CHICKEN, EntityType.COD, EntityType.COPPER_GOLEM, EntityType.COW,
@@ -49,6 +50,10 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
         EntityType.SKELETON_HORSE, EntityType.SNIFFER, EntityType.SNOW_GOLEM, EntityType.SQUID,
         EntityType.STRIDER, EntityType.TADPOLE, EntityType.TROPICAL_FISH, EntityType.TURTLE,
         EntityType.VILLAGER, EntityType.WANDERING_TRADER, EntityType.ZOMBIE_HORSE);
+    private static final Set<EntityType> NEUTRAL = Set.of(
+        EntityType.BEE, EntityType.CAVE_SPIDER, EntityType.DOLPHIN, EntityType.ENDERMAN, EntityType.GOAT,
+        EntityType.IRON_GOLEM, EntityType.LLAMA, EntityType.PANDA, EntityType.PIGLIN, EntityType.POLAR_BEAR,
+        EntityType.SPIDER, EntityType.TRADER_LLAMA, EntityType.WOLF, EntityType.ZOMBIFIED_PIGLIN);
 
     private final CharacterStorage characters;
     private final ProgressionRules progression;
@@ -60,31 +65,51 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
     private final Consumer<Failure> failures;
     private final CombatSources sources;
     private final CombatContributions contributions;
+    private final PartyRoster parties;
+    private final java.util.function.Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coinRules;
+    private final java.util.random.RandomGenerator random;
     private final Map<PlayerDeathEvent, Defeat> defeats = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+    private final Set<UUID> pvpDefeats = java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
     private final Map<UUID, PendingAward> pending = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private final java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue<UUID> retries = new java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
     private org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitTask retryTask;
     private boolean closed;
 
     private final class PendingAward {
-        final UUID id = UUID.randomUUID();
+        final UUID id;
         final UUID character;
-        final BigInteger reward;
+        final BigInteger experience;
+        final BigInteger coins;
         final CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restricted;
         BigInteger expectedRevision;
         boolean running;
-        PendingAward(UUID character, BigInteger reward, CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restricted) {
-            this.character = character; this.reward = reward; this.restricted = restricted;
+        PendingAward(UUID id, UUID character, BigInteger experience, BigInteger coins,
+                     CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restricted) {
+            this.id = id; this.character = character; this.experience = experience;
+            this.coins = coins; this.restricted = restricted;
         }
     }
 
     public CombatExperience(CharacterStorage characters, ProgressionRules progression, CombatRewardRules rewards,
                             EquipmentSessions sessions, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,
                             Function<UUID, Player> players, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
+        this(characters, progression, rewards, sessions, new PartyRoster(clock, id -> {
+            var player = players.apply(id); return player != null && player.isOnline();
+        }), games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules::defaults, java.util.random.RandomGenerator.getDefault(),
+            clock, nextTick, players, failures);
+    }
+
+    public CombatExperience(CharacterStorage characters, ProgressionRules progression, CombatRewardRules rewards,
+                            EquipmentSessions sessions, PartyRoster parties,
+                            java.util.function.Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coinRules,
+                            java.util.random.RandomGenerator random, Clock clock, Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,
+                            Function<UUID, Player> players, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
         this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters); this.progression = Objects.requireNonNull(progression);
         this.rewards = Objects.requireNonNull(rewards); this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
-        this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
-        this.players = Objects.requireNonNull(players); this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
+        this.parties = Objects.requireNonNull(parties); this.coinRules = Objects.requireNonNull(coinRules);
+        this.random = Objects.requireNonNull(random); this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock);
+        this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick); this.players = Objects.requireNonNull(players);
+        this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
         sources = new CombatSources(sessions); contributions = new CombatContributions(rewards);
     }
 
@@ -93,45 +118,62 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
         retryTask = plugin.getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimer(plugin, this::retryPending, 20, 20);
     }
 
+    /** Records target-specific, effective support; only a direct contributor can activate it at defeat. */
+    public void support(UUID target, UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(target); Objects.requireNonNull(supportingCharacter); Objects.requireNonNull(aided); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+        if (closed || amount.signum() <= 0 || !sessions.current(aided) || supportingCharacter.equals(aided.character())) return;
+        contributions.support(target, aided.character(), supportingCharacter, clock.instant());
+    }
+
+    /** Records effective healing; any directly contributed target can qualify it within ten seconds. */
+    public void support(UUID supportingCharacter, EquipmentSessions.Active aided, BigDecimal amount) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(supportingCharacter); Objects.requireNonNull(aided); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+        if (closed || amount.signum() <= 0 || !sessions.current(aided) || supportingCharacter.equals(aided.character())) return;
+        contributions.support(aided.character(), supportingCharacter, clock.instant());
+    }
+
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
     public void damage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
-        if (closed || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0) return;
-        var origin = source(event);
+        if (closed || games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.GuardianBond.redirectedDamage()
+                || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0) return;
+        var origin = sources.source(event);
         if (origin == null || origin.session() == null || !sources.current(origin)
                 || event.getEntity().getUniqueId().equals(origin.player())) return;
         contributions.accept(event.getEntity().getUniqueId(), origin.character(), clock.instant());
     }
 
-    private CombatSources.Origin source(EntityDamageEvent event) {
-        if (event.getEntity() instanceof Player target) {
-            var ongoing = OngoingDamage.read(target, event.getCause());
-            if (ongoing != null) return ongoing.source();
-        }
-        var origin = sources.read(event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity());
-        if (origin == null && event instanceof EntityDamageByEntityEvent byEntity) origin = sources.read(byEntity.getDamager());
-        if (origin == null) origin = sources.read(event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity());
-        return origin;
-    }
-
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.LOWEST, ignoreCancelled = true)
     public void beforePlayerDeath(PlayerDeathEvent event) {
         if (closed) return;
         var active = sessions.active(event.getEntity().getUniqueId()).orElse(null);
         var record = active == null ? null : sessions.currentRecord(active).orElse(null);
-        if (record != null) defeats.put(event, new Defeat(active, record.level()));
+        if (record != null) {
+            defeats.put(event, new Defeat(active, record.level(), record.coins()));
+            if (contributions.hasDirect(event.getEntity().getUniqueId(), record.id(), clock.instant())) {
+                pvpDefeats.add(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
     public void playerDeath(PlayerDeathEvent event) {
         var defeat = defeats.remove(event);
-        if (closed || defeat == null || !event.isCancelled() || sessions.current(defeat.active())) return;
-        award(event.getEntity(), CombatRewardRules.Target.FANTASY_CHARACTER, defeat.level(), defeat.active().character());
+        if (closed || defeat == null) return;
+        if (!event.isCancelled() || sessions.current(defeat.active())) {
+            pvpDefeats.remove(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+            return;
+        }
+        award(event.getEntity(), CombatRewardRules.Target.FANTASY_CHARACTER,
+            defeat.level(), defeat.active().character(), defeat.coins());
     }
 
+    /** Consumed synchronously by the fantasy defeat transition before it persists the Tail state. */
+    public boolean consumePvpDefeat(UUID player) { return pvpDefeats.remove(player); }
+
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
     public void mobDeath(EntityDeathEvent event) {
         if (closed || event instanceof PlayerDeathEvent) return;
-        award(event.getEntity(), classify(event.getEntity()), 0, null);
+        award(event.getEntity(), classify(event.getEntity()), 0, null, BigInteger.ZERO);
     }
 
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
@@ -141,21 +183,60 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
         }
     }
 
-    private void award(LivingEntity target, CombatRewardRules.Target kind, int level, UUID defeatedCharacter) {
+    private void award(LivingEntity target, CombatRewardRules.Target kind, int level, UUID defeatedCharacter,
+                       BigInteger defeatedCoins) {
         Instant now = clock.instant();
-        var contributors = new ArrayList<>(contributions.consume(target.getUniqueId(), now));
-        if (defeatedCharacter != null) contributors.remove(defeatedCharacter);
-        if (contributors.isEmpty()) return;
-        BigInteger share = rewards.share(rewards.pool(kind, level), contributors.size());
+        var direct = new ArrayList<>(contributions.consumeDirect(target.getUniqueId(), now));
+        if (defeatedCharacter != null) direct.remove(defeatedCharacter);
+        if (direct.isEmpty()) return;
+        var units = rewardUnits(direct);
+        BigInteger coinPool = defeatedCharacter == null
+            ? coinRules.get().mob(coinTarget(target), random) : defeatedCoins;
+        if (units.isEmpty()) return; // The defeat transition has already persisted any PvP balance loss.
+        var xp = games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.allocate(rewards.pool(kind, level), units, random);
+        var coins = games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.allocate(coinPool, units, random);
         CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restricted = kind == CombatRewardRules.Target.PASSIVE
             || kind == CombatRewardRules.Target.FANTASY_CHARACTER ? null : position(target.getLocation());
-        for (UUID character : contributors) {
-            var operation = new PendingAward(character, share, restricted);
+        UUID targetReward = defeatedCharacter == null ? target.getUniqueId() : defeatedCharacter;
+        for (UUID character : xp.keySet()) {
+            UUID receipt = UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes((targetReward + ":" + character + ":" + now).getBytes(java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            var operation = new PendingAward(receipt, character, xp.get(character), coins.get(character), restricted);
             pending.put(operation.id, operation);
             attempt(operation);
         }
     }
 
+    private java.util.List<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.Unit<UUID>> rewardUnits(
+            java.util.List<UUID> direct) {
+        var units = new java.util.LinkedHashMap<Object, games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.Unit<UUID>>();
+        direct.stream().sorted().forEach(character -> eligible(character).ifPresent(attacker -> {
+            var membership = parties.rewardMembership(attacker.player());
+            if (membership.isEmpty()) {
+                units.putIfAbsent(character, new games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.Unit<>(character,
+                    java.util.List.of(character)));
+                return;
+            }
+            var group = membership.orElseThrow();
+            var recipients = group.activePlayers().stream().map(player -> sessions.active(player).orElse(null))
+                .filter(Objects::nonNull).filter(sessions::current)
+                .filter(active -> living(active.player())).map(EquipmentSessions.Active::character).distinct().sorted().toList();
+            if (!recipients.isEmpty()) units.putIfAbsent(group.key(),
+                new games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.RewardAllocator.Unit<>(group.key(), recipients));
+        }));
+        return java.util.List.copyOf(units.values());
+    }
+
+    private java.util.Optional<Eligible> eligible(UUID character) {
+        var active = sessions.activeCharacter(character).orElse(null);
+        if (active == null || !sessions.current(active) || !living(active.player())) return java.util.Optional.empty();
+        return java.util.Optional.of(new Eligible(character, active.player()));
+    }
+
+    private boolean living(UUID playerId) {
+        var player = players.apply(playerId);
+        return player != null; // The current active live-record session is the online/living authority.
+    }
+
     private static CombatRewardRules.KillPosition position(Location location) {
         var world = Objects.requireNonNull(location.getWorld(), "Kill location has no world").getUID();
         return new CombatRewardRules.KillPosition(Objects.requireNonNull(world, "Kill world has no UUID"),
@@ -177,8 +258,8 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
             });
             return;
         }
-        characters.awardCombatExperience(operation.character, operation.expectedRevision, operation.reward,
-            progression, rewards, operation.restricted).whenComplete((award, failure) -> {
+        characters.awardCombatReward(operation.character, operation.expectedRevision, operation.id,
+            operation.experience, operation.coins, progression, rewards, operation.restricted).whenComplete((award, failure) -> {
                 synchronized (operation) { operation.running = false; }
                 if (failure != null) { fail(operation, failure); return; }
                 if (award.status() == CharacterStorage.CombatAwardStatus.STALE && award.record().isPresent()) {
@@ -198,6 +279,7 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
 
     public void retryPending() {
         if (closed) return;
+        contributions.sweep(clock.instant());
         for (int attempted = 0; attempted < 64; attempted++) {
             UUID id = retries.poll();
             if (id == null) break;
@@ -218,7 +300,7 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
         Player player = active == null ? null : players.apply(active.player());
         if (player == null || !player.isOnline()) return;
         if (award.status() == CharacterStorage.CombatAwardStatus.APPLIED) {
-            player.sendMessage("Earned " + operation.reward + " fantasy XP.");
+            if (operation.experience.signum() > 0) player.sendMessage("Earned " + operation.experience + " fantasy XP.");
             for (int gained = 1; gained <= award.levels(); gained++) {
                 int level = saved.level() - award.levels() + gained;
                 player.sendMessage("Level " + level + "! Gained 1 character point.");
@@ -232,14 +314,27 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
         } else if (award.status() == CharacterStorage.CombatAwardStatus.UNCHANGED) {
             player.sendMessage("No fantasy XP: this target's configured reward is zero.");
         }
+        if (operation.coins.signum() > 0 && award.status() != CharacterStorage.CombatAwardStatus.DUPLICATE) {
+            player.sendMessage("Earned " + operation.coins + " character coins.");
+        }
     }
 
-    static CombatRewardRules.Target classify(LivingEntity entity) {
+    public static CombatRewardRules.Target classify(LivingEntity entity) {
         EntityType type = entity.getType();
         if (type == EntityType.WARDEN || type == EntityType.ENDER_DRAGON) return CombatRewardRules.Target.BOSS;
         return PASSIVE.contains(type) ? CombatRewardRules.Target.PASSIVE : CombatRewardRules.Target.ORDINARY;
     }
 
+    public static games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules.Target coinTarget(LivingEntity entity) {
+        EntityType type = entity.getType();
+        if (type == EntityType.WARDEN || type == EntityType.ENDER_DRAGON || type == EntityType.WITHER) {
+            return games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules.Target.BOSS;
+        }
+        if (PASSIVE.contains(type)) return games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules.Target.PASSIVE;
+        if (NEUTRAL.contains(type)) return games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules.Target.NEUTRAL;
+        return games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules.Target.HOSTILE;
+    }
+
     private void report(UUID character, Throwable failure) {
         try { failures.accept(new Failure(character, failure)); }
         catch (RuntimeException ignored) { /* Diagnostics never replay or acknowledge a reward. */ }
@@ -248,6 +343,6 @@ public final class CombatExperience implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
     @Override public void close() {
         closed = true;
         if (retryTask != null) retryTask.cancel();
-        defeats.clear(); pending.clear(); retries.clear(); contributions.close();
+        defeats.clear(); pvpDefeats.clear(); pending.clear(); retries.clear(); contributions.close();
     }
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/CombatSources.java

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ import org.bukkit.entity.Projectile;
 import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;
 
 /** Source identity travels with delayed native entities, never with a replacement sheet or shooter. */
-final class CombatSources {
+public final class CombatSources {
     static final NamespacedKey ORIGIN = new NamespacedKey("fantasystick", "combat_origin_v1");
-    record Origin(UUID player, UUID session, UUID character) {
+    public record Origin(UUID player, UUID session, UUID character) {
         String encode() { return player + "/" + (session == null ? "-/-" : session + "/" + character); }
         static Origin decode(String value) {
             if (value == null || value.length() > 110) return null;
@@ -26,15 +26,27 @@ final class CombatSources {
         }
     }
     private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
-    CombatSources(EquipmentSessions sessions) { this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); }
+    public CombatSources(EquipmentSessions sessions) { this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); }
     Origin player(UUID player) {
         return sessions.active(player).map(active -> new Origin(player, active.session(), active.character()))
             .orElseGet(() -> new Origin(player, null, null));
     }
-    boolean current(Origin origin) {
+    public boolean current(Origin origin) {
         return origin.equals(player(origin.player())) && (origin.session() == null
             || sessions.current(new EquipmentSessions.Active(origin.player(), origin.session(), origin.character())));
     }
+    public Origin source(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        if (event.getEntity() instanceof Player target) {
+            var ongoing = OngoingDamage.read(target, event.getCause());
+            if (ongoing != null) return ongoing.source();
+        }
+        var origin = read(event.getDamageSource().getDirectEntity());
+        if (origin == null && event instanceof org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageByEntityEvent byEntity) {
+            origin = read(byEntity.getDamager());
+        }
+        if (origin == null) origin = read(event.getDamageSource().getCausingEntity());
+        return origin;
+    }
     Origin read(Entity entity) { return read(entity, 0); }
     private Origin read(Entity entity, int depth) {
         if (entity == null || depth >= 8) return null;

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyCombat.java

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ public final class PartyCombat implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
 
     @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST, ignoreCancelled = true)
     public void damage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        if (games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.GuardianBond.redirectedDamage()) return;
         if (event.getEntity() instanceof Player target) {
             var ongoing = OngoingDamage.read(target, event.getCause());
             if (ongoing != null && (!sources.current(ongoing.target()) || blocked(ongoing.source(), target))) {

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyManagement.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.*;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+
+/** Registrar-authorized mutations with durable operation plans spanning coin and party files. */
+public final class PartyManagement implements AutoCloseable {
+    public enum Status{APPLIED,INVALID_SESSION,TOO_FAR,INVALID_NAME,ALREADY_MEMBER,NAME_TAKEN,INSUFFICIENT,FAILED}
+    public record Outcome(Status status,Optional<CharacterParty> party){}
+    private record Context(EquipmentSessions.Active active,CharacterRecord record,PartyRegistrar registrar){}
+    private final CharacterPartyDirectory parties;private final PartyRegistrarDirectory registrars;private final CharacterStorage characters;private final EquipmentSessions sessions;private final PartyEconomySettings prices;private final PartyOperationStore operations;private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;private final Consumer<Throwable> failures;private volatile boolean closed;private volatile boolean recovered;private final java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<Void> recovery=new java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<>();
+    public PartyManagement(CharacterPartyDirectory parties,PartyRegistrarDirectory registrars,CharacterStorage characters,EquipmentSessions sessions,PartyEconomySettings prices,PartyOperationStore operations,Consumer<Runnable> nextTick,Consumer<Throwable> failures){this.parties=Objects.requireNonNull(parties);this.registrars=Objects.requireNonNull(registrars);this.characters=Objects.requireNonNull(characters);this.sessions=Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);this.prices=Objects.requireNonNull(prices);this.operations=Objects.requireNonNull(operations);this.nextTick=Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);this.failures=Objects.requireNonNull(failures);parties.readiness().thenCompose(ignored->operations.load()).thenCompose(plans->java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.allOf(plans.stream().map(plan->execute(plan,null,null).toCompletableFuture()).toArray(java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture[]::new))).whenComplete((ignored,failure)->{if(failure==null){recovered=true;recovery.complete(null);}else{report(failure);recovery.completeExceptionally(failure);}});}
+    public void register(Player player,UUID registrarId,String name,Consumer<Outcome> result){var context=context(player,registrarId);if(context.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_SESSION,Optional.empty()));return;}var parsed=PartyNames.parse(name);if(parsed.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_NAME,Optional.empty()));return;}var captured=context.orElseThrow();if(parties.partyOf(captured.record().id()).isPresent()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.ALREADY_MEMBER,Optional.empty()));return;}if(parties.partyByCanonicalName(parsed.orElseThrow().canonical()).isPresent()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.NAME_TAKEN,Optional.empty()));return;}var plan=new PartyOperationStore.Plan(UUID.randomUUID(),PartyOperationStore.Kind.CREATE,captured.record().id(),captured.record().revision(),BigInteger.valueOf(prices.registrationPrice()),parsed.orElseThrow().display(),null,null,null);prepare(plan,captured,result);}
+    public void transfer(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID target,Consumer<Outcome> result){var context=context(player,registrarId);if(context.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_SESSION,Optional.empty()));return;}var captured=context.orElseThrow();var party=parties.partyOf(captured.record().id()).orElse(null);if(party==null||!party.leader().equals(captured.record().id())||!party.members().contains(target)||target.equals(captured.record().id())){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty()));return;}var plan=new PartyOperationStore.Plan(UUID.randomUUID(),PartyOperationStore.Kind.TRANSFER,captured.record().id(),captured.record().revision(),BigInteger.valueOf(prices.leaderChangePrice()),null,party.id(),target,party.revision());prepare(plan,captured,result);}
+    private void prepare(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,Context context,Consumer<Outcome> result){operations.prepare(plan).whenComplete((saved,failure)->{if(failure!=null){fail(failure,result);return;}execute(saved,context,result);});}
+    private java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> execute(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,Context context,Consumer<Outcome> result){var done=new java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<Void>();parties.readiness().thenCompose(ignored->plan.kind()==PartyOperationStore.Kind.CREATE?parties.paidCreate(plan,characters):parties.paidTransfer(plan,characters)).whenComplete((paid,failure)->{if(failure!=null){if(result!=null)fail(failure,result);else report(failure);done.completeExceptionally(failure);return;}var spent=paid.spend();var changed=paid.result();if(spent!=null&&(spent.status()==CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.INSUFFICIENT||spent.status()==CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.UNAVAILABLE)){finish(plan,context,result,spent,new Outcome(Status.INSUFFICIENT,Optional.empty()),done);return;}if(spent==null){finish(plan,context,result,null,new Outcome(map(changed.status()),changed.party()),done);return;}if(spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.APPLIED&&spent.status()!=CharacterStorage.CoinSpendStatus.DUPLICATE){finish(plan,context,result,spent,new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty()),done);return;}if(changed.status()!=CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED&&changed.status()!=CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.DUPLICATE){finish(plan,context,result,spent,new Outcome(map(changed.status()),changed.party()),done);return;}finish(plan,context,result,spent,new Outcome(Status.APPLIED,changed.party()),done);});return done.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    private void finish(PartyOperationStore.Plan plan,Context context,Consumer<Outcome> result,CharacterStorage.CoinSpend spent,Outcome outcome,java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<Void> done){operations.complete(plan.id()).whenComplete((ignored,failure)->{if(failure!=null){if(result!=null)fail(failure,result);else report(failure);done.completeExceptionally(failure);return;}if(result!=null)publish(()->{if(context!=null&&spent!=null&&spent.record().isPresent())sessions.acknowledgeProgress(context.active(),context.record().revision(),spent.record().orElseThrow());result.accept(outcome);});done.complete(null);});}
+    private static Status map(CharacterPartyDirectory.Status status){return switch(status){case NAME_TAKEN->Status.NAME_TAKEN;case ALREADY_MEMBER->Status.ALREADY_MEMBER;default->Status.FAILED;};}
+    public void invite(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID target,Consumer<Outcome> result){var context=context(player,registrarId);if(context.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_SESSION,Optional.empty()));return;}var active=sessions.activeCharacter(target).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);var record=active==null?null:sessions.currentRecord(active).filter(value->!value.dead()).orElse(null);if(record==null||parties.partyOf(target).isPresent()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty()));return;}var party=parties.partyOf(context.orElseThrow().record().id()).orElse(null);if(party==null||!party.leader().equals(context.orElseThrow().record().id())){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty()));return;}parties.invite(context.orElseThrow().record().id(),party.id(),target).whenComplete((value,failure)->complete(value,failure,result));}
+    public void accept(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID invitation,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutate(player,registrarId,c->parties.accept(c.record().id(),invitation),result);}public void decline(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID invitation,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutate(player,registrarId,c->parties.decline(c.record().id(),invitation),result);}public void cancel(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID invitation,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutateParty(player,registrarId,(c,p)->parties.cancel(c.record().id(),p.id(),invitation),result);}public void leave(Player player,UUID registrarId,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutateParty(player,registrarId,(c,p)->parties.leave(c.record().id(),p.id()),result);}public void kick(Player player,UUID registrarId,UUID target,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutateParty(player,registrarId,(c,p)->parties.kick(c.record().id(),p.id(),target),result);}public void disband(Player player,UUID registrarId,Consumer<Outcome> result){mutateParty(player,registrarId,(c,p)->parties.disband(c.record().id(),p.id()),result);}
+    public Optional<CharacterParty> party(Player player,UUID registrar){return context(player,registrar).flatMap(value->parties.partyOf(value.record().id()));}public List<CharacterPartyDirectory.Offer> invitations(Player player,UUID registrar){return context(player,registrar).map(value->parties.invitationsFor(value.record().id())).orElse(List.of());}public List<CharacterPartyDirectory.Offer> outgoingInvitations(Player player,UUID registrar){var context=context(player,registrar);if(context.isEmpty())return List.of();var party=parties.partyOf(context.orElseThrow().record().id()).filter(value->value.leader().equals(context.orElseThrow().record().id())).orElse(null);return party==null?List.of():party.invitations().stream().map(value->new CharacterPartyDirectory.Offer(value.id(),party.id(),value.character())).toList();}
+    private void mutate(Player player,UUID id,java.util.function.Function<Context,java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<CharacterPartyDirectory.Result>> action,Consumer<Outcome> result){var context=context(player,id);if(context.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_SESSION,Optional.empty()));return;}try{action.apply(context.orElseThrow()).whenComplete((value,failure)->complete(value,failure,result));}catch(RuntimeException failure){fail(failure,result);}}
+    private void mutateParty(Player player,UUID id,java.util.function.BiFunction<Context,CharacterParty,java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture<CharacterPartyDirectory.Result>> action,Consumer<Outcome> result){var context=context(player,id);if(context.isEmpty()){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.INVALID_SESSION,Optional.empty()));return;}var party=parties.partyOf(context.orElseThrow().record().id()).orElse(null);if(party==null){result.accept(new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty()));return;}try{action.apply(context.orElseThrow(),party).whenComplete((value,failure)->complete(value,failure,result));}catch(RuntimeException failure){fail(failure,result);}}
+    private void complete(CharacterPartyDirectory.Result value,Throwable failure,Consumer<Outcome> result){if(failure!=null){fail(failure,result);return;}publish(()->result.accept(new Outcome(value.status()==CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED?Status.APPLIED:map(value.status()),value.party())));}
+    public int registrationPrice(){return prices.registrationPrice();}public int leaderChangePrice(){return prices.leaderChangePrice();}
+    public Optional<CharacterRecord> active(Player player,UUID registrar){return context(player,registrar).map(Context::record);}public Optional<UUID> activeSession(Player player,UUID registrar){return context(player,registrar).map(value->value.active().session());}public boolean eligibleInvitationTarget(UUID character){return parties.partyOf(character).isEmpty()&&sessions.activeCharacter(character).filter(sessions::current).flatMap(sessions::currentRecord).filter(value->!value.dead()).isPresent();}public Optional<CharacterRecord> activeCharacter(Player player){var active=sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);return active==null?Optional.empty():sessions.currentRecord(active).filter(value->!value.dead());}
+    private Optional<Context> context(Player player,UUID registrarId){if(!parties.ready()||!recovered)return Optional.empty();var registrar=registrars.find(registrarId).orElse(null);var active=sessions.active(player.getUniqueId()).filter(sessions::current).orElse(null);var record=active==null?null:sessions.currentRecord(active).filter(value->!value.dead()).orElse(null);if(registrar==null||record==null)return Optional.empty();var location=player.getLocation();if(location.getWorld()==null||!location.getWorld().getUID().equals(registrar.world()))return Optional.empty();double dx=location.getX()-registrar.x(),dy=location.getY()-registrar.y(),dz=location.getZ()-registrar.z();if(dx*dx+dy*dy+dz*dz>36)return Optional.empty();return Optional.of(new Context(active,record,registrar));}
+    private void fail(Throwable failure,Consumer<Outcome> result){report(failure);publish(()->result.accept(new Outcome(Status.FAILED,Optional.empty())));}private void report(Throwable failure){try{failures.accept(failure);}catch(RuntimeException ignored){}}private void publish(Runnable action){if(closed)return;try{nextTick.accept(action);}catch(RuntimeException rejected){report(rejected);}}
+    public java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> ready(){return recovery.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    public java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return operations.drained();}
+    @Override public void close(){closed=true;operations.close();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyNames.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import java.text.Normalizer;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/** Validated display and globally comparable identities for persistent parties. */
+public final class PartyNames {
+    public record Name(String display, String canonical) { }
+
+    private PartyNames() { }
+
+    public static Optional<Name> parse(String input) {
+        if (input == null) return Optional.empty();
+        String display = Normalizer.normalize(input.strip(), Normalizer.Form.NFC);
+        int length = display.codePointCount(0, display.length());
+        if (length < 1 || length > 32 || display.codePoints().anyMatch(PartyNames::forbidden)) {
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+        String canonical = Normalizer.normalize(display.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT), Normalizer.Form.NFC);
+        return Optional.of(new Name(display, canonical));
+    }
+
+    private static boolean forbidden(int codePoint) {
+        int type = Character.getType(codePoint);
+        return type == Character.CONTROL || type == Character.FORMAT || type == Character.SURROGATE;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyRegistrar.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/** Durable desired location for one administrator-managed Party Registrar. */
+public record PartyRegistrar(UUID id, String name, UUID world, double x, double y, double z, float yaw, float pitch) {
+    public PartyRegistrar {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(name); Objects.requireNonNull(world);
+        name = name.strip();
+        if (name.codePointCount(0, name.length()) > 64 || name.codePoints().anyMatch(codePoint -> {
+            int type = Character.getType(codePoint);
+            return type == Character.CONTROL || type == Character.FORMAT || type == Character.SURROGATE;
+        }) || !Double.isFinite(x) || !Double.isFinite(y) || !Double.isFinite(z)
+                || !Float.isFinite(yaw) || !Float.isFinite(pitch)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Party Registrar");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyRegistrarController.java

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import org.bukkit.Chunk;
+import org.bukkit.Location;
+import org.bukkit.NamespacedKey;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Entity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Villager;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;
+import org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin;
+
+/** Loaded-chunk reconciliation and native protection for distinct Party Registrar villagers. */
+public final class PartyRegistrarController implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    private final Plugin plugin; private final PartyRegistrarDirectory directory;
+    private final BiConsumer<Player,UUID> interactions; private final NamespacedKey idKey,typeKey;
+    private final java.util.Set<Entity> relocating=java.util.Collections.newSetFromMap(new java.util.IdentityHashMap<>());
+    private boolean closed;
+    public PartyRegistrarController(Plugin plugin,PartyRegistrarDirectory directory,BiConsumer<Player,UUID> interactions){this.plugin=Objects.requireNonNull(plugin);this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory);this.interactions=Objects.requireNonNull(interactions);idKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"party_registrar_id");typeKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"managed_npc_type");}
+    public void install(){for(var world:plugin.getServer().getWorlds()){var chunks=world.getLoadedChunks();if(chunks!=null)for(var chunk:chunks)reconcile(chunk);}}
+    public boolean tagged(Entity entity){return "party_registrar".equals(entity.getPersistentDataContainer().get(typeKey,PersistentDataType.STRING));}
+    public void reconcile(Chunk chunk){if(closed)return;var desired=new HashMap<UUID,PartyRegistrar>();for(var value:directory.all())if(value.world().equals(chunk.getWorld().getUID())&&chunk(value.x())==chunk.getX()&&chunk(value.z())==chunk.getZ())desired.put(value.id(),value);var retained=new HashSet<UUID>();for(var entity:chunk.getEntities()){if(!tagged(entity))continue;UUID id=id(entity);var target=id==null?null:desired.get(id);if(!(entity instanceof Villager villager)||target==null||!retained.add(id)){entity.remove();continue;}configure(villager,target);var current=villager.getLocation();var expected=location(target);if(current.distanceSquared(expected)>0.000001||Math.abs(current.getYaw()-expected.getYaw())>0.001||Math.abs(current.getPitch()-expected.getPitch())>0.001){relocating.add(villager);boolean moved;try{moved=villager.teleport(expected);}finally{relocating.remove(villager);}if(!moved){villager.remove();spawn(target);}}}for(var value:desired.values())if(!retained.contains(value.id()))spawn(value);}
+    public void removeLoaded(UUID id){for(var world:plugin.getServer().getWorlds()){var entities=world.getEntities();if(entities!=null)for(var entity:entities)if(tagged(entity)&&id.equals(id(entity)))entity.remove();}}
+    private void spawn(PartyRegistrar value){var world=plugin.getServer().getWorld(value.world());if(world==null)return;int x=chunk(value.x()),z=chunk(value.z());if(!world.isChunkLoaded(x,z))return;world.spawn(location(value),Villager.class,villager->configure(villager,value));}
+    private void configure(Villager villager,PartyRegistrar value){villager.getPersistentDataContainer().set(typeKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,"party_registrar");villager.getPersistentDataContainer().set(idKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,value.id().toString());villager.setAI(false);villager.setGravity(false);villager.setSilent(true);villager.setInvulnerable(true);villager.setCollidable(false);villager.setCanPickupItems(false);villager.setLeashHolder(null);villager.setRemoveWhenFarAway(false);villager.setAdult();villager.setAgeLock(true);villager.customName(net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text(value.name().isBlank()?"Party Registrar":value.name()));villager.setCustomNameVisible(true);}
+    private Location location(PartyRegistrar value){var world=plugin.getServer().getWorld(value.world());return new Location(world,value.x(),value.y(),value.z(),value.yaw(),value.pitch());}
+    private UUID id(Entity entity){String value=entity.getPersistentDataContainer().get(idKey,PersistentDataType.STRING);try{return value==null?null:UUID.fromString(value);}catch(IllegalArgumentException invalid){return null;}}
+    private static int chunk(double coordinate){return ((int)Math.floor(coordinate))>>4;}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void interact(org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerInteractEntityEvent event){if(!tagged(event.getRightClicked()))return;event.setCancelled(true);if(event.getHand()!=org.bukkit.inventory.EquipmentSlot.HAND)return;UUID id=id(event.getRightClicked());if(id!=null&&directory.find(id).isPresent())interactions.accept(event.getPlayer(),id);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void damage(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntity()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void combust(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityCombustEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntity()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void transform(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityTransformEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntity()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void breed(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityBreedEvent event){if(tagged(event.getMother())||tagged(event.getFather()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void vehicle(org.bukkit.event.vehicle.VehicleEnterEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntered()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void leash(org.bukkit.event.entity.PlayerLeashEntityEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntity()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void teleport(org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityTeleportEvent event){if(tagged(event.getEntity())&&!relocating.contains(event.getEntity()))event.setCancelled(true);}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.MONITOR)public void chunk(org.bukkit.event.world.ChunkLoadEvent event){reconcile(event.getChunk());}
+    @Override public void close(){closed=true;for(var world:plugin.getServer().getWorlds()){var entities=world.getEntities();if(entities!=null)for(var entity:entities)if(tagged(entity))entity.remove();}}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyRegistrarDirectory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.YamlPartyRegistrarRepository;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/** Serialized durable desired state for Party Registrar entities. */
+public final class PartyRegistrarDirectory implements AutoCloseable {
+    private final YamlPartyRegistrarRepository repository;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-party-registrar-persistence"));
+    private volatile List<PartyRegistrar> snapshot; private volatile boolean closed;private int pending;private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+    public PartyRegistrarDirectory(YamlPartyRegistrarRepository repository)throws IOException{this.repository=Objects.requireNonNull(repository);snapshot=repository.load();}
+    public List<PartyRegistrar> all(){return snapshot;}
+    public Optional<PartyRegistrar> find(UUID id){return snapshot.stream().filter(value->value.id().equals(id)).findFirst();}
+    public CompletableFuture<PartyRegistrar> place(String name,UUID world,double x,double y,double z,float yaw,float pitch){return submit(()->{var value=new PartyRegistrar(UUID.randomUUID(),name,world,x,y,z,yaw,pitch);var next=new ArrayList<>(snapshot);next.add(value);repository.save(next);snapshot=List.copyOf(next);return value;});}
+    public CompletableFuture<Optional<PartyRegistrar>> remove(UUID id){return submit(()->{var found=find(id);if(found.isEmpty())return Optional.empty();var next=snapshot.stream().filter(value->!value.id().equals(id)).toList();repository.save(next);snapshot=next;return found;});}
+    public CompletableFuture<PartyRegistrar> restore(PartyRegistrar registrar){return submit(()->{var found=find(registrar.id());if(found.isPresent()){if(found.orElseThrow().equals(registrar))return registrar;throw new IOException("Registrar identity collision");}var next=new ArrayList<>(snapshot);next.add(registrar);next.sort(java.util.Comparator.comparing(value->value.id().toString()));repository.save(next);snapshot=List.copyOf(next);return registrar;});}
+    private <T> CompletableFuture<T> submit(Callable<T> operation){var future=new CompletableFuture<T>();synchronized(this){if(closed){future.completeExceptionally(new IOException("Registrar directory closed"));return future;}pending++;}worker.execute(()->{try{future.complete(operation.call());}catch(Throwable failure){future.completeExceptionally(failure);}finally{finished();}});return future;}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}public java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyRegistrarMenus.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
+
+import java.util.*;
+import org.bukkit.Material;
+import org.bukkit.NamespacedKey;
+import org.bukkit.Server;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryClickEvent;
+import org.bukkit.inventory.Inventory;
+import org.bukkit.inventory.InventoryHolder;
+import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
+import org.bukkit.persistence.PersistentDataType;
+import org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin;
+
+/** Plugin-owned bounded paginated Registrar menus; no chat or remote book mutation path. */
+public final class PartyRegistrarMenus implements Listener,AutoCloseable {
+    private enum Screen{ROOT,NAME,INVITATIONS,OUTGOING,INVITE,MEMBERS}
+    private record Holder(UUID registrar,UUID character,UUID session,Screen screen,int page) implements InventoryHolder{public Inventory getInventory(){return null;}}
+    private final Server server;private final PartyManagement management;private final NamespacedKey actionKey,targetKey;private boolean closed;
+    public PartyRegistrarMenus(Plugin plugin,PartyManagement management){server=plugin.getServer();this.management=Objects.requireNonNull(management);actionKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"party_registrar_action");targetKey=new NamespacedKey(plugin,"party_registrar_target");}
+    public void open(Player player,UUID registrar){open(player,registrar,Screen.ROOT,0);}
+    private void open(Player player,UUID registrar,Screen screen,int page){if(closed)return;var record=management.active(player,registrar);if(record.isEmpty()){player.sendMessage("You must be actively playing a living fantasy character beside this Party Registrar.");return;}if(screen==Screen.NAME){openName(player,registrar,record.orElseThrow().id(),management.activeSession(player,registrar).orElseThrow());return;}var inventory=server.createInventory(new Holder(registrar,record.orElseThrow().id(),management.activeSession(player,registrar).orElseThrow(),screen,page),screen==Screen.ROOT?27:54,net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text("Party Registrar"));var party=management.party(player,registrar);if(screen==Screen.ROOT){if(party.isEmpty()){inventory.setItem(11,item(Material.WRITABLE_BOOK,"Register a party — "+management.registrationPrice()+" coins","register",null));inventory.setItem(15,item(Material.MAP,"Invitations","invitations",null));}else{var group=party.orElseThrow();inventory.setItem(4,item(Material.PAPER,"Party: "+group.displayName(),"info",null));if(group.leader().equals(record.orElseThrow().id())){inventory.setItem(10,item(Material.EMERALD,"Invite active characters","invite",null));inventory.setItem(13,item(Material.PLAYER_HEAD,"Manage members","members",null));inventory.setItem(16,item(Material.BARRIER,"Disband party","disband",null));inventory.setItem(22,item(Material.MAP,"Pending invitations","outgoing",null));}else inventory.setItem(13,item(Material.BARRIER,"Leave party","leave",null));}}else if(screen==Screen.INVITATIONS){var values=management.invitations(player,registrar);fill(inventory,page,values,value->item(Material.MAP,"Invitation (left accept, right decline)","invitation",value.id()));}else if(screen==Screen.OUTGOING){var values=management.outgoingInvitations(player,registrar);fill(inventory,page,values,value->item(Material.MAP,"Cancel invitation for "+value.character(),"cancel-invitation",value.id()));}else if(screen==Screen.INVITE){var values=server.getOnlinePlayers().stream().filter(Player::isOnline).map(target->management.activeCharacter(target).orElse(null)).filter(Objects::nonNull).filter(target->management.eligibleInvitationTarget(target.id())).map(value->value.id()).distinct().sorted().toList();fill(inventory,page,values,value->item(Material.PLAYER_HEAD,"Invite "+value,"invite-target",value));}else{var values=party.map(value->value.members().stream().filter(member->!member.equals(value.leader())).sorted().toList()).orElse(List.of());fill(inventory,page,values,value->item(Material.PLAYER_HEAD,"Member "+value,"member",value,List.of(net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text("Left click: Kick (free)"),net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text("Right click: Transfer leadership — "+management.leaderChangePrice()+" coins"))));}player.openInventory(inventory);}
+    private <T> void fill(Inventory inventory,int page,List<T> values,java.util.function.Function<T,ItemStack> item){int start=Math.max(0,page)*45;for(int index=start;index<Math.min(values.size(),start+45);index++)inventory.setItem(index-start,item.apply(values.get(index)));if(page>0)inventory.setItem(45,item(Material.ARROW,"Previous","previous",null));if(start+45<values.size())inventory.setItem(53,item(Material.ARROW,"Next","next",null));}
+    private void openName(Player player,UUID registrar,UUID character,UUID session){var inventory=server.createInventory(new Holder(registrar,character,session,Screen.NAME,0),org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryType.ANVIL,net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text("Choose party name"));inventory.setItem(0,item(Material.PAPER,"Party name","name",null));player.openInventory(inventory);}
+    private ItemStack item(Material material,String name,String action,UUID target){return item(material,name,action,target,List.of());}
+    private ItemStack item(Material material,String name,String action,UUID target,List<net.kyori.adventure.text.Component> lore){var item=new ItemStack(material);var meta=item.getItemMeta();meta.customName(net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.text(name));if(!lore.isEmpty())meta.lore(lore);meta.getPersistentDataContainer().set(actionKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,action);if(target!=null)meta.getPersistentDataContainer().set(targetKey,PersistentDataType.STRING,target.toString());item.setItemMeta(meta);return item;}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void click(InventoryClickEvent event){if(!(event.getInventory().getHolder() instanceof Holder holder)||!(event.getWhoClicked() instanceof Player player))return;event.setCancelled(true);if(closed)return;if(!management.active(player,holder.registrar()).map(value->value.id().equals(holder.character())).orElse(false)||!management.activeSession(player,holder.registrar()).map(holder.session()::equals).orElse(false)){player.sendMessage("Party action refused: the character or session changed.");return;}if(holder.screen()==Screen.NAME&&event.getRawSlot()==2){String name=event.getView() instanceof org.bukkit.inventory.view.AnvilView anvil?anvil.getRenameText():null;if(name!=null)management.register(player,holder.registrar(),name,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Registered party."));return;}var clicked=event.getCurrentItem();if(clicked==null)return;var data=clicked.getItemMeta().getPersistentDataContainer();String action=data.get(actionKey,PersistentDataType.STRING);UUID target=uuid(data.get(targetKey,PersistentDataType.STRING));if("register".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),Screen.NAME,0);return;}if("invitations".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),Screen.INVITATIONS,0);return;}if("invite".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),Screen.INVITE,0);return;}if("outgoing".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),Screen.OUTGOING,0);return;}if("members".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),Screen.MEMBERS,0);return;}if("previous".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),holder.screen(),holder.page()-1);return;}if("next".equals(action)){open(player,holder.registrar(),holder.screen(),holder.page()+1);return;}if("leave".equals(action)){management.leave(player,holder.registrar(),outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Left party."));return;}if("disband".equals(action)){management.disband(player,holder.registrar(),outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Party ended."));return;}if(target==null)return;if("invite-target".equals(action)){management.invite(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Invitation saved."));return;}if("cancel-invitation".equals(action)){management.cancel(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Invitation cancelled."));return;}if("invitation".equals(action)){if(event.isRightClick())management.decline(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Invitation declined."));else management.accept(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Joined party."));return;}if("member".equals(action)){if(event.isRightClick())management.transfer(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Leadership transferred."));else management.kick(player,holder.registrar(),target,outcome->respond(player,holder.registrar(),outcome,"Member removed."));}}
+    @EventHandler(priority=EventPriority.HIGHEST,ignoreCancelled=true)public void drag(org.bukkit.event.inventory.InventoryDragEvent event){if(event.getInventory().getHolder() instanceof Holder)event.setCancelled(true);}
+    private void respond(Player player,UUID registrar,PartyManagement.Outcome outcome,String success){if(!player.isOnline())return;if(outcome.status()==PartyManagement.Status.APPLIED){player.sendMessage(success);open(player,registrar);}else player.sendMessage("Party action refused: "+outcome.status().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replace('_',' ')+".");}
+    private static UUID uuid(String value){try{return value==null?null:UUID.fromString(value);}catch(IllegalArgumentException invalid){return null;}}
+    @Override public void close(){closed=true;}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/party/PartyRoster.java

@@ -1,122 +1,39 @@
 package games.dmg.fantasystick.party;
 
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
 import java.time.Clock;
 import java.time.Instant;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.Optional;
-import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
-/** Server-thread-confined, player-owned parties. No state survives a plugin/server restart. */
+/** Party facade: durable character identity in production, retained transient constructor for isolated legacy tests. */
 public final class PartyRoster implements AutoCloseable {
-    public record Party(UUID id, UUID leader, List<UUID> members) {
-        public Party { members = List.copyOf(members); }
-    }
-    public record Invitation(UUID id, UUID party, UUID leader, UUID invitee, Instant expires) { }
-    private final Map<UUID, Party> membership = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Map<UUID, Invitation> invitations = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Set<UUID> departed = new HashSet<>();
-    private boolean closed;
-    private final Clock clock;
-    private final Predicate<UUID> online;
-
-    public PartyRoster(Clock clock, Predicate<UUID> online) {
-        this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock);
-        this.online = Objects.requireNonNull(online);
-    }
-    public Optional<Party> create(UUID player) {
-        if (closed || !connected(player) || membership.containsKey(player)) return Optional.empty();
-        var party = new Party(UUID.randomUUID(), player, List.of(player));
-        membership.put(player, party);
-        return Optional.of(party);
-    }
-    public Optional<Party> partyOf(UUID player) { return Optional.ofNullable(membership.get(player)); }
-    public List<Invitation> invitationsFor(UUID player) {
-        expire();
-        return invitations.values().stream().filter(i -> i.invitee().equals(player))
-            .sorted(java.util.Comparator.comparing(Invitation::expires).thenComparing(Invitation::id)).toList();
-    }
-    public Optional<Invitation> invite(UUID leader, UUID party, UUID invitee) {
-        expire();
-        var group = managedBy(leader, party);
-        if (group == null || group.members().size() >= 6 || !connected(invitee) || membership.containsKey(invitee)) return Optional.empty();
-        var existing = invitations.values().stream().filter(i -> i.party().equals(party) && i.invitee().equals(invitee)).findFirst();
-        if (existing.isPresent()) return existing;
-        var invitation = new Invitation(UUID.randomUUID(), party, leader, invitee, clock.instant().plusSeconds(60));
-        invitations.put(invitation.id(), invitation);
-        return Optional.of(invitation);
-    }
-    public boolean accept(UUID player, UUID invitation) {
-        expire();
-        var offer = invitations.get(invitation);
-        if (offer == null || !offer.invitee().equals(player) || !connected(player) || membership.containsKey(player)) return false;
-        var group = membership.get(offer.leader());
-        if (group == null || group.members().size() >= 6 || !group.id().equals(offer.party())) return false;
-        var members = new ArrayList<>(group.members());
-        members.add(player);
-        var updated = new Party(group.id(), group.leader(), members);
-        for (var member : members) membership.put(member, updated);
-        invitations.values().removeIf(i -> i.invitee().equals(player));
-        return true;
-    }
-    public boolean kick(UUID leader, UUID party, UUID member) {
-        var group = managedBy(leader, party);
-        if (group == null || !group.members().contains(member) || member.equals(leader)) return false;
-        removeMember(group, member);
-        return true;
-    }
-    public boolean disband(UUID leader, UUID party) {
-        var group = managedBy(leader, party);
-        if (group == null) return false;
-        remove(group);
-        return true;
-    }
-    private Party managedBy(UUID leader, UUID party) {
-        var group = membership.get(leader);
-        return group != null && group.id().equals(party) && group.leader().equals(leader) && connected(leader) ? group : null;
-    }
-    public boolean leave(UUID player, UUID party) {
-        var group = membership.get(player);
-        if (group == null || !group.id().equals(party) || !connected(player)) return false;
-        if (group.leader().equals(player)) remove(group);
-        else removeMember(group, player);
-        return true;
-    }
-    private void removeMember(Party group, UUID player) {
-        var remaining = group.members().stream().filter(member -> !member.equals(player)).toList();
-        if (remaining.stream().noneMatch(this::connected)) { remove(group); return; }
-        membership.remove(player);
-        departed.remove(player);
-        var updated = new Party(group.id(), group.leader(), remaining);
-        for (var member : remaining) membership.put(member, updated);
-    }
-    public void arrive(UUID player) { departed.remove(player); }
-    public void disconnect(UUID player) {
-        var group = membership.get(player);
-        if (group == null) return;
-        departed.add(player);
-        if (group.members().stream().noneMatch(this::connected)) remove(group);
-    }
-    private boolean connected(UUID player) { return !departed.contains(player) && online.test(player); }
-    private void expire() {
-        var now = clock.instant();
-        invitations.values().removeIf(i -> !now.isBefore(i.expires()));
-    }
-    private void remove(Party group) {
-        for (var member : group.members()) membership.remove(member);
-        departed.removeAll(group.members());
-        invitations.values().removeIf(i -> i.party().equals(group.id()));
-    }
-    @Override public void close() {
-        closed = true;
-        membership.clear();
-        invitations.clear();
-        departed.clear();
-    }
+    public record Party(UUID id,UUID leader,List<UUID> members,UUID leaderCharacter,List<UUID> characters){public Party{members=List.copyOf(members);characters=List.copyOf(characters);}public Party(UUID id,UUID leader,List<UUID> members){this(id,leader,members,leader,members);}}
+    public record Invitation(UUID id,UUID party,UUID leader,UUID invitee,Instant expires){}
+    public record RewardMembership(Object key,List<UUID> activePlayers){public RewardMembership{Objects.requireNonNull(key);activePlayers=List.copyOf(activePlayers);}}
+    private final Map<UUID,Party> membership=new HashMap<>();private final Map<UUID,Invitation> invitations=new HashMap<>();private final Set<UUID> departed=new HashSet<>();
+    private final Clock clock;private final Predicate<UUID> online;private final java.util.function.IntSupplier maximumSize;
+    private final CharacterPartyDirectory durable;private final EquipmentSessions sessions;private boolean closed;
+    public PartyRoster(Clock clock,Predicate<UUID> online){this(clock,online,()->6);}
+    public PartyRoster(Clock clock,Predicate<UUID> online,java.util.function.IntSupplier maximumSize){this.clock=Objects.requireNonNull(clock);this.online=Objects.requireNonNull(online);this.maximumSize=Objects.requireNonNull(maximumSize);durable=null;sessions=null;maximumSize();}
+    public PartyRoster(CharacterPartyDirectory durable,EquipmentSessions sessions,java.util.function.IntSupplier maximumSize){this.durable=Objects.requireNonNull(durable);this.sessions=Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);this.maximumSize=Objects.requireNonNull(maximumSize);clock=Clock.systemUTC();online=id->true;maximumSize();}
+    public int maximumSize(){int value=maximumSize.getAsInt();if(value<1)throw new IllegalStateException("Party maximum must be positive");return value;}
+    public Optional<Party> create(UUID player){if(closed)return Optional.empty();if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return Optional.empty();var character=character(player);if(character==null)return Optional.empty();var result=durable.create(character,"Party "+character.toString().substring(0,8)).join();return result.party().flatMap(this::project);}if(closed||!connected(player)||membership.containsKey(player))return Optional.empty();var party=new Party(UUID.randomUUID(),player,List.of(player));membership.put(player,party);return Optional.of(party);}
+    public Optional<Party> partyOf(UUID player){if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return Optional.empty();var character=character(player);return character==null?Optional.empty():durable.partyOf(character).flatMap(this::project);}return Optional.ofNullable(membership.get(player));}
+    public Optional<RewardMembership> rewardMembership(UUID player){if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return Optional.empty();var character=character(player);if(character==null)return Optional.empty();return durable.partyOf(character).map(party->new RewardMembership(party.id(),activePlayers(party)));}var party=membership.get(player);return party==null?Optional.empty():Optional.of(new RewardMembership(party.id(),party.members().stream().filter(this::connected).toList()));}
+    public List<Invitation> invitationsFor(UUID player){if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return List.of();var character=character(player);if(character==null)return List.of();return durable.invitationsFor(character).stream().map(value->new Invitation(value.id(),value.party(),new UUID(0,0),player,Instant.MAX)).toList();}expire();return invitations.values().stream().filter(i->i.invitee().equals(player)).sorted(Comparator.comparing(Invitation::expires).thenComparing(Invitation::id)).toList();}
+    public Optional<Invitation> invite(UUID leader,UUID party,UUID invitee){if(closed)return Optional.empty();if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return Optional.empty();var source=character(leader);var target=character(invitee);if(source==null||target==null)return Optional.empty();var result=durable.invite(source,party,target).join();return result.invitation().map(value->new Invitation(value.id(),value.party(),leader,invitee,Instant.MAX));}expire();var group=managedBy(leader,party);if(group==null||group.members().size()>=maximumSize()||!connected(invitee)||membership.containsKey(invitee))return Optional.empty();var existing=invitations.values().stream().filter(i->i.party().equals(party)&&i.invitee().equals(invitee)).findFirst();if(existing.isPresent())return existing;var invitation=new Invitation(UUID.randomUUID(),party,leader,invitee,clock.instant().plusSeconds(60));invitations.put(invitation.id(),invitation);return Optional.of(invitation);}
+    public boolean accept(UUID player,UUID invitation){if(closed)return false;if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return false;var character=character(player);return character!=null&&durable.accept(character,invitation).join().status()==CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED;}expire();var offer=invitations.get(invitation);if(offer==null||!offer.invitee().equals(player)||!connected(player)||membership.containsKey(player))return false;var group=membership.get(offer.leader());if(group==null||group.members().size()>=maximumSize()||!group.id().equals(offer.party()))return false;var members=new ArrayList<>(group.members());members.add(player);var updated=new Party(group.id(),group.leader(),members);for(var member:members)membership.put(member,updated);invitations.values().removeIf(i->i.invitee().equals(player));return true;}
+    public boolean kick(UUID leader,UUID party,UUID member){if(closed)return false;if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return false;var a=character(leader);var b=character(member);return a!=null&&b!=null&&durable.kick(a,party,b).join().status()==CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED;}var group=managedBy(leader,party);if(group==null||!group.members().contains(member)||member.equals(leader))return false;removeMember(group,member);return true;}
+    public boolean disband(UUID leader,UUID party){if(closed)return false;if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return false;var character=character(leader);return character!=null&&durable.disband(character,party).join().status()==CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED;}var group=managedBy(leader,party);if(group==null)return false;remove(group);return true;}
+    public boolean leave(UUID player,UUID party){if(closed)return false;if(durable!=null){if(!durable.ready())return false;var character=character(player);return character!=null&&durable.leave(character,party).join().status()==CharacterPartyDirectory.Status.APPLIED;}var group=membership.get(player);if(group==null||!group.id().equals(party)||!connected(player))return false;if(group.leader().equals(player))remove(group);else removeMember(group,player);return true;}
+    private UUID character(UUID player){return sessions.active(player).filter(sessions::current).map(EquipmentSessions.Active::character).orElse(null);}
+    private List<UUID> activePlayers(CharacterParty party){return party.members().stream().map(sessions::activeCharacter).flatMap(Optional::stream).filter(sessions::current).map(EquipmentSessions.Active::player).sorted().toList();}
+    public Optional<UUID> activePlayer(UUID character){if(durable==null)return Optional.of(character);return sessions.activeCharacter(character).filter(sessions::current).map(EquipmentSessions.Active::player);}
+    private Optional<Party> project(CharacterParty party){var members=activePlayers(party);UUID leader=sessions.activeCharacter(party.leader()).filter(sessions::current).map(EquipmentSessions.Active::player).orElse(party.leader());return Optional.of(new Party(party.id(),leader,members,party.leader(),party.members().stream().sorted().toList()));}
+    private Party managedBy(UUID leader,UUID party){var group=membership.get(leader);return group!=null&&group.id().equals(party)&&group.leader().equals(leader)&&connected(leader)?group:null;}
+    private void removeMember(Party group,UUID player){var remaining=group.members().stream().filter(member->!member.equals(player)).toList();if(remaining.stream().noneMatch(this::connected)){remove(group);return;}membership.remove(player);departed.remove(player);var updated=new Party(group.id(),group.leader(),remaining);for(var member:remaining)membership.put(member,updated);}
+    public void arrive(UUID player){if(durable==null)departed.remove(player);}public void disconnect(UUID player){if(durable!=null)return;var group=membership.get(player);if(group==null)return;departed.add(player);if(group.members().stream().noneMatch(this::connected))remove(group);}
+    private boolean connected(UUID player){return!departed.contains(player)&&online.test(player);}private void expire(){var now=clock.instant();invitations.values().removeIf(i->!now.isBefore(i.expires()));}private void remove(Party group){for(var member:group.members())membership.remove(member);departed.removeAll(group.members());invitations.values().removeIf(i->i.party().equals(group.id()));}
+    @Override public void close(){closed=true;membership.clear();invitations.clear();departed.clear();}
 }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/HealthSteal.java

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.AbilityReport;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.CombatSources;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.presentation.CombatFeedback;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import org.bukkit.attribute.Attribute;
+import org.bukkit.entity.LivingEntity;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
+import org.bukkit.event.EventPriority;
+import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDamageEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityDeathEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityRegainHealthEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.EntityRemoveEvent;
+import org.bukkit.event.entity.PlayerDeathEvent;
+
+/** Consume-once final-blow attribution and persisted native healing for Health Steal. */
+public final class HealthSteal implements Listener, AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String ID = "health_steal";
+    private static final int MAX_PENDING_PER_CHARACTER = 64;
+    private static final int MAX_CONSUMED_EVENTS = 1_024;
+    public record Settings(BigInteger healing) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(healing);
+            if (healing.signum() < 0 || healing.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(1_024)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Health Steal healing");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.ONE); }
+    }
+    public record Failure(UUID character, Throwable cause) { }
+    private record Candidate(LivingEntity target, CombatSources.Origin origin) { }
+    private record Heal(EquipmentSessions.Active active, double amount) { }
+
+    private final CharacterStorage characters;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents;
+    private final Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit;
+    private final Consumer<Failure> failures;
+    private final CombatFeedback feedback;
+    private final CombatSources sources;
+    private final Map<UUID, Candidate> lethal = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Set<PlayerDeathEvent> fantasyDefeats = Collections.newSetFromMap(new IdentityHashMap<>());
+    private final Set<EntityDeathEvent> consumed = Collections.newSetFromMap(new IdentityHashMap<>());
+    private final ArrayDeque<EntityDeathEvent> consumedOrder = new ArrayDeque<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, ArrayDeque<Heal>> pending = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public HealthSteal(Settings settings, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+                       Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents,
+                       Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
+        this(settings, characters, sessions, nextTick, healingEvents, nativeLimit, failures, null);
+    }
+
+    public HealthSteal(Settings settings, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+                       Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<EntityRegainHealthEvent> healingEvents,
+                       Supplier<BigDecimal> nativeLimit, Consumer<Failure> failures, CombatFeedback feedback) {
+        this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
+        this.healingEvents = Objects.requireNonNull(healingEvents); this.nativeLimit = Objects.requireNonNull(nativeLimit);
+        this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures); this.feedback = feedback; sources = new CombatSources(sessions);
+    }
+
+    public void configure(Settings value) { settings = Objects.requireNonNull(value); }
+    public BigInteger healing() { return settings.healing(); }
+    public PassiveDefinition definition() {
+        return new PassiveDefinition(ID, "Health Steal",
+            Map.of(Stat.STR, BigInteger.valueOf(14), Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), Set.of(), BigInteger.ONE,
+            List.of("Immediately restore " + healing() + " health point" + (healing().equals(BigInteger.ONE) ? "" : "s")
+                + " when this active character's accepted damage lands a qualifying final blow.",
+                "Passive mobs qualify; assists, ordinary players and repeated defeat callbacks do not."));
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void damage(EntityDamageEvent event) {
+        if (closed || !(event.getEntity() instanceof LivingEntity target)) return;
+        UUID targetId = target.getUniqueId();
+        if (event.isCancelled() || event.getFinalDamage() <= 0) { lethal.remove(targetId); return; }
+        var origin = sources.source(event);
+        double remaining = target.getHealth() + target.getAbsorptionAmount();
+        if (origin == null || origin.session() == null || !sources.current(origin)
+                || targetId.equals(origin.player()) || !Double.isFinite(remaining)
+                || event.getFinalDamage() < remaining) {
+            lethal.remove(targetId); return;
+        }
+        lethal.put(targetId, new Candidate(target, origin));
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.LOWEST, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void beforePlayerDeath(PlayerDeathEvent event) {
+        if (!closed && sessions.active(event.getEntity().getUniqueId()).isPresent()) fantasyDefeats.add(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void playerDeath(PlayerDeathEvent event) {
+        boolean fantasy = fantasyDefeats.remove(event);
+        if (!closed && fantasy && event.isCancelled()) defeat(event, event.getEntity());
+        else lethal.remove(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR, ignoreCancelled = true)
+    public void mobDeath(EntityDeathEvent event) {
+        if (!closed && !(event instanceof PlayerDeathEvent)) defeat(event, event.getEntity());
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler(priority = EventPriority.MONITOR)
+    public void removed(EntityRemoveEvent event) {
+        if (event.getCause() != EntityRemoveEvent.Cause.DEATH) lethal.remove(event.getEntity().getUniqueId());
+    }
+
+    private void defeat(EntityDeathEvent event, LivingEntity target) {
+        if (!consumed.add(event)) return;
+        consumedOrder.addLast(event);
+        while (consumedOrder.size() > MAX_CONSUMED_EVENTS) consumed.remove(consumedOrder.removeFirst());
+        var candidate = lethal.remove(target.getUniqueId());
+        if (candidate == null || candidate.target() != target || !sources.current(candidate.origin())) return;
+        var origin = candidate.origin();
+        var active = sessions.active(origin.player()).orElse(null);
+        if (active == null || !active.session().equals(origin.session()) || !active.character().equals(origin.character())
+                || !sessions.current(active)) return;
+        var record = sessions.currentRecord(active).orElse(null);
+        var player = sessions.currentPlayer(active).orElse(null);
+        if (record == null || player == null || record.dead() || !record.passives().contains(ID)) return;
+        BigInteger configured = settings.healing();
+        if (configured.signum() == 0) return;
+        var maximumAttribute = player.getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+        if (maximumAttribute == null) return;
+        double current = player.getHealth();
+        double maximum = Math.min(maximumAttribute.getValue(), record.maximumHealth().doubleValue());
+        double reserved = pending.getOrDefault(active.character(), new ArrayDeque<>()).stream()
+            .mapToDouble(Heal::amount).sum();
+        double amount = configured.bitLength() > 1023 ? maximum - current - reserved : configured.doubleValue();
+        double proposed = Math.min(maximum - current - reserved, amount);
+        if (!Double.isFinite(current) || !Double.isFinite(maximum) || current < 0 || maximum <= 0
+                || !Double.isFinite(proposed) || proposed <= 0) return;
+        var healing = new EntityRegainHealthEvent(player, proposed, EntityRegainHealthEvent.RegainReason.CUSTOM);
+        healingEvents.accept(healing);
+        double accepted = Math.min(proposed, Math.min(maximum - current - reserved, healing.getAmount()));
+        if (healing.isCancelled() || !Double.isFinite(accepted) || accepted <= 0) return;
+        var queue = pending.computeIfAbsent(active.character(), ignored -> new ArrayDeque<>());
+        if (queue.size() >= MAX_PENDING_PER_CHARACTER) return;
+        queue.addLast(new Heal(active, accepted));
+        if (queue.size() == 1) attempt(active.character());
+    }
+
+    private void attempt(UUID character) {
+        var queue = pending.get(character); var operation = queue == null ? null : queue.peekFirst();
+        if (closed || operation == null) return;
+        if (!sessions.current(operation.active())) { finish(character); return; }
+        var record = sessions.currentRecord(operation.active()).orElse(null);
+        var player = sessions.currentPlayer(operation.active()).orElse(null);
+        if (record == null || player == null || record.dead() || !record.passives().contains(ID)) { finish(character); return; }
+        double nativeBefore = player.getHealth();
+        BigDecimal target = record.health().add(BigDecimal.valueOf(operation.amount()));
+        BigDecimal limit;
+        try { limit = nativeLimit.get(); }
+        catch (RuntimeException failure) { report(character, failure); finish(character); return; }
+        BigInteger expected = record.revision();
+        characters.saveHealth(character, expected, target, limit).whenComplete((saved, failure) -> {
+            try { nextTick.accept(() -> complete(character, operation, expected, nativeBefore, saved, failure)); }
+            catch (RuntimeException rejected) { report(character, rejected); }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void complete(UUID character, Heal operation, BigInteger expected, double nativeBefore,
+                          java.util.Optional<CharacterRecord> saved, Throwable failure) {
+        try {
+            if (closed || failure != null || saved == null || saved.isEmpty()) {
+                if (failure != null) report(character, failure); return;
+            }
+            var record = saved.orElseThrow();
+            if (!sessions.current(operation.active())
+                    || !sessions.acknowledgeProgress(operation.active(), expected, record)) return;
+            var player = sessions.currentPlayer(operation.active()).orElse(null);
+            if (player == null || Double.compare(player.getHealth(), nativeBefore) != 0) return;
+            var attribute = player.getAttribute(Attribute.MAX_HEALTH);
+            if (attribute == null) return;
+            double maximum = Math.min(attribute.getValue(), record.maximumHealth().doubleValue());
+            double publish = Math.min(maximum, record.health().doubleValue());
+            if (Double.isFinite(maximum) && Double.isFinite(publish) && publish > nativeBefore) {
+                player.setHealth(publish);
+                if (feedback != null) feedback.report("Health Steal", player, AbilityReport.Type.HEALING, player,
+                    BigDecimal.valueOf(publish - nativeBefore).stripTrailingZeros());
+            }
+        } finally { finish(character); }
+    }
+
+    private void finish(UUID character) {
+        var queue = pending.get(character);
+        if (queue == null) return;
+        queue.pollFirst();
+        if (queue.isEmpty()) pending.remove(character); else attempt(character);
+    }
+    private void report(UUID character, Throwable failure) {
+        try { failures.accept(new Failure(character, failure)); } catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+    }
+    @Override public void close() {
+        closed = true; lethal.clear(); fantasyDefeats.clear(); consumed.clear(); consumedOrder.clear(); pending.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/LowLightVision.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Current-session native Night Vision I layer for the learned character passive. */
+public final class LowLightVision implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String ID = "low_light_vision";
+    private final PersistentPotionEffect effect;
+
+    public LowLightVision(EquipmentSessions sessions) {
+        effect = new PersistentPotionEffect(ID, PotionEffectType.NIGHT_VISION, 0, false, sessions);
+    }
+
+    public PassiveDefinition definition() {
+        return new PassiveDefinition(ID, "Low-Light Vision", Map.of(Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), Set.of(), BigInteger.ONE,
+            List.of("Continuously provides native Night Vision I while this character is active.",
+                "Preserves unrelated Night Vision and does not change light, darkness or mob behavior."));
+    }
+
+    public void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) { effect.install(plugin); }
+    public void sweep() { effect.sweep(); }
+    @Override public void close() { effect.close(); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/PassiveDefinition.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/** Immutable internal metadata for one character-owned automatic passive. */
+public record PassiveDefinition(String id, String name, Map<Stat, BigInteger> requirements,
+        Set<String> prerequisites, BigInteger pointCost, List<String> description) {
+    public PassiveDefinition {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(name); Objects.requireNonNull(requirements);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(prerequisites); Objects.requireNonNull(pointCost); Objects.requireNonNull(description);
+        requirements = Map.copyOf(requirements); prerequisites = Set.copyOf(prerequisites); description = List.copyOf(description);
+        if (!id.matches("[a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63}") || name.isBlank() || !pointCost.equals(BigInteger.ONE)
+                || requirements.entrySet().stream().anyMatch(entry -> entry.getValue().compareTo(BigInteger.TEN) < 0)
+                || prerequisites.stream().anyMatch(value -> value.isBlank() || value.equals(id))
+                || description.isEmpty() || description.stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid passive definition");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/PassiveEngine.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterRecord;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence.CharacterStorage;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.ControlInput;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+/** Save-before-publication passive learning/refund coordinator for native book actions. */
+public final class PassiveEngine implements AutoCloseable {
+    public record Failure(UUID character, String passive, Throwable cause) { }
+    public record Mutation(CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus status, CharacterRecord record) { }
+    private final PassiveRegistry registry;
+    private final CharacterStorage characters;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final Consumer<Runnable> nextTick;
+    private final Consumer<Failure> failures;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public PassiveEngine(PassiveRegistry registry, CharacterStorage characters, EquipmentSessions sessions,
+                         Consumer<Runnable> nextTick, Consumer<Failure> failures) {
+        this.registry = Objects.requireNonNull(registry); this.characters = Objects.requireNonNull(characters);
+        this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions); this.nextTick = Objects.requireNonNull(nextTick);
+        this.failures = Objects.requireNonNull(failures);
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Mutation> purchase(ControlInput input, String passive, BigInteger expectedRevision) {
+        var definition = registry.find(passive).orElse(null);
+        if (closed || definition == null || input.kind() != ControlInput.Kind.BOOK || !input.stillCurrent()) {
+            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(new Mutation(CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, null));
+        }
+        return mutate(input, passive, expectedRevision, () -> characters.unlockPassive(input.session().character(),
+            expectedRevision, passive, definition.requirements(), definition.prerequisites(), definition.pointCost()));
+    }
+
+    public CompletableFuture<Mutation> unlearn(ControlInput input, String passive, BigInteger expectedRevision) {
+        if (closed || registry.find(passive).isEmpty() || input.kind() != ControlInput.Kind.BOOK || !input.stillCurrent()) {
+            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(new Mutation(CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, null));
+        }
+        return mutate(input, passive, expectedRevision, () -> characters.unlearnPassive(input.session().character(),
+            expectedRevision, passive, registry.dependents(passive)));
+    }
+
+    private CompletableFuture<Mutation> mutate(ControlInput input, String passive, BigInteger expectedRevision,
+            java.util.function.Supplier<CompletableFuture<CharacterStorage.PassiveMutation>> operation) {
+        var result = new CompletableFuture<Mutation>();
+        CompletableFuture<CharacterStorage.PassiveMutation> work;
+        try { work = operation.get(); }
+        catch (RuntimeException failure) { report(input.session().character(), passive, failure); result.completeExceptionally(failure); return result; }
+        work.whenComplete((mutation, failure) -> {
+            try { nextTick.accept(() -> {
+                if (failure != null) { report(input.session().character(), passive, failure); result.completeExceptionally(failure); return; }
+                var record = mutation.record().orElse(null);
+                if (mutation.status() == CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus.APPLIED
+                        && (record == null || !input.stillCurrent()
+                            || !sessions.acknowledgeProgress(input.session(), expectedRevision, record))) {
+                    result.complete(new Mutation(CharacterStorage.PassiveMutationStatus.STALE, record)); return;
+                }
+                result.complete(new Mutation(mutation.status(), record));
+            }); } catch (RuntimeException rejected) {
+                report(input.session().character(), passive, rejected); result.completeExceptionally(rejected);
+            }
+        });
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void report(UUID character, String passive, Throwable failure) {
+        try { failures.accept(new Failure(character, passive, failure)); }
+        catch (RuntimeException ignored) { }
+    }
+    @Override public void close() { closed = true; }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/PassiveRegistry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/** Internal stable-ID passive catalogue consumed by persistence, books and focused runtime services. */
+public final class PassiveRegistry {
+    private final Map<String, PassiveDefinition> definitions = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+
+    public synchronized void register(PassiveDefinition definition) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(definition);
+        if (definitions.containsKey(definition.id())) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Duplicate passive ID: " + definition.id());
+        }
+        validatePrerequisites(definition);
+        definitions.put(definition.id(), definition);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void replace(PassiveDefinition definition) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(definition);
+        if (!definitions.containsKey(definition.id())) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Passive is not registered");
+        validatePrerequisites(definition);
+        definitions.put(definition.id(), definition);
+    }
+
+    private void validatePrerequisites(PassiveDefinition definition) {
+        if (!definitions.keySet().containsAll(definition.prerequisites())) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Passive prerequisite is not registered");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized Optional<PassiveDefinition> find(String id) {
+        return Optional.ofNullable(definitions.get(id));
+    }
+    public synchronized Collection<PassiveDefinition> definitions() { return java.util.List.copyOf(definitions.values()); }
+    public synchronized java.util.Set<String> dependents(String id) {
+        return definitions.values().stream().filter(definition -> definition.prerequisites().contains(id))
+            .map(PassiveDefinition::id).collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toUnmodifiableSet());
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/PersistentPotionEffect.java

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffect;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Bounded current-character ownership for one persistent native potion layer. */
+final class PersistentPotionEffect implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_ACTIVE_CHECKS = 256;
+
+    private final class State {
+        final EquipmentSessions.Active active;
+        final Player player;
+        PotionEffect owned;
+        PotionEffect displaced;
+        long displacedUntil;
+        long refreshedAt;
+        State(EquipmentSessions.Active active, Player player) { this.active = active; this.player = player; }
+
+        void refresh() {
+            refreshedAt = sweepGeneration;
+            if (displaced != null && !displaced.isInfinite() && sweepGeneration >= displacedUntil) displaced = null;
+            PotionEffect current;
+            try { current = player.getPotionEffect(type); }
+            catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return; }
+            if (owned != null && !same(current, owned)) { owned = null; displaced = null; }
+            if (!eligible()) { remove(); return; }
+            if (current != null && (!replaceWeaker || current.getAmplifier() >= amplifier)) return;
+            var effect = new PotionEffect(type, PotionEffect.INFINITE_DURATION, amplifier, false, false, true);
+            try {
+                if (player.addPotionEffect(effect, true)) {
+                    owned = effect; displaced = current;
+                    displacedUntil = current == null ? 0 : current.isInfinite()
+                        ? Long.MAX_VALUE : sweepGeneration + current.getDuration();
+                }
+            } catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { owned = null; displaced = null; }
+        }
+
+        boolean eligible() {
+            if (closed || !sessions.current(active)) return false;
+            var record = sessions.currentRecord(active).orElse(null);
+            return record != null && !record.dead() && record.passives().contains(passive);
+        }
+
+        void remove() {
+            if (owned != null) {
+                PotionEffect current;
+                try { current = player.getPotionEffect(type); }
+                catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return; }
+                if (same(current, owned)) {
+                    try {
+                        player.removePotionEffect(type);
+                        if (displaced != null && (displaced.isInfinite() || sweepGeneration < displacedUntil)) {
+                            int duration = displaced.isInfinite() ? PotionEffect.INFINITE_DURATION
+                                : Math.toIntExact(Math.min(Integer.MAX_VALUE, displacedUntil - sweepGeneration));
+                            player.addPotionEffect(new PotionEffect(displaced.getType(), duration, displaced.getAmplifier(),
+                                displaced.isAmbient(), displaced.hasParticles(), displaced.hasIcon()), true);
+                        }
+                    } catch (RuntimeException unavailable) { return; }
+                }
+                owned = null; displaced = null;
+            }
+            states.remove(active.player(), this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final String passive;
+    private final PotionEffectType type;
+    private final int amplifier;
+    private final boolean replaceWeaker;
+    private final EquipmentSessions sessions;
+    private final Map<UUID, State> states = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private int activeCursor;
+    private int stateCursor;
+    private long sweepGeneration;
+    private org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitTask sweepTask;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    PersistentPotionEffect(String passive, PotionEffectType type, int amplifier, boolean replaceWeaker,
+                           EquipmentSessions sessions) {
+        this.passive = Objects.requireNonNull(passive); this.type = Objects.requireNonNull(type);
+        if (passive.isBlank() || amplifier < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid persistent potion effect");
+        this.amplifier = amplifier; this.replaceWeaker = replaceWeaker; this.sessions = Objects.requireNonNull(sessions);
+    }
+
+    void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(plugin);
+        if (closed || sweepTask != null) throw new IllegalStateException("Passive potion sweep already installed or closed");
+        sweepTask = plugin.getServer().getScheduler().runTaskTimer(plugin, this::sweep, 1, 1);
+    }
+
+    void sweep() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        sweepGeneration++;
+        var active = sessions.activeCharacters();
+        int activeChecks = Math.min(MAX_ACTIVE_CHECKS, active.size());
+        for (int index = 0; index < activeChecks; index++) {
+            var snapshot = active.get((activeCursor + index) % active.size());
+            reconcile(snapshot);
+        }
+        activeCursor = active.isEmpty() ? 0 : (activeCursor + activeChecks) % active.size();
+
+        var known = List.copyOf(states.values());
+        int stateChecks = Math.min(MAX_ACTIVE_CHECKS, known.size());
+        for (int index = 0; index < stateChecks; index++) {
+            var state = known.get((stateCursor + index) % known.size());
+            if (state.refreshedAt != sweepGeneration) state.refresh();
+        }
+        stateCursor = known.isEmpty() ? 0 : (stateCursor + stateChecks) % known.size();
+    }
+
+    private void reconcile(EquipmentSessions.ActiveCharacter snapshot) {
+        var active = snapshot.session();
+        var state = states.get(active.player());
+        boolean learned = !snapshot.record().dead() && snapshot.record().passives().contains(passive);
+        if (!learned || !sessions.current(active)) { if (state != null) state.refresh(); return; }
+        if (state != null && !state.active.equals(active)) { state.remove(); state = states.get(active.player()); }
+        if (state == null) {
+            var player = sessions.currentPlayer(active).orElse(null);
+            if (player == null) return;
+            state = new State(active, player); states.put(active.player(), state);
+        }
+        state.refresh();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean same(PotionEffect first, PotionEffect second) {
+        return first != null && second != null && first.getType().equals(second.getType())
+            && first.getAmplifier() == second.getAmplifier() && first.isInfinite() && second.isInfinite()
+            && first.isAmbient() == second.isAmbient() && first.hasParticles() == second.hasParticles()
+            && first.hasIcon() == second.hasIcon();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() {
+        if (closed) return;
+        closed = true;
+        if (sweepTask != null) sweepTask.cancel();
+        for (var state : List.copyOf(states.values())) state.remove();
+        states.clear();
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/QuickerRegenerationI.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/** Quicker Regeneration I metadata and live configured pulse bonus. */
+public final class QuickerRegenerationI {
+    public static final String ID = "quicker_regeneration_i";
+    public record Settings(BigInteger bonus) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(bonus);
+            if (bonus.signum() < 0 || bonus.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(1_024)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Quicker Regeneration I bonus");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.ONE); }
+    }
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    public QuickerRegenerationI(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void configure(Settings value) { settings = Objects.requireNonNull(value); }
+    public BigInteger bonus() { return settings.bonus(); }
+    public PassiveDefinition definition() {
+        return new PassiveDefinition(ID, "Quicker Regeneration I",
+            Map.of(Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(12), Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(12)), Set.of(), BigInteger.ONE,
+            List.of("Add " + bonus() + " health point" + (bonus().equals(BigInteger.ONE) ? "" : "s")
+                + " to each eligible out-of-combat recovery pulse.",
+                "Uses the same capped persisted custom-healing transaction as base recovery."));
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/QuickerRegenerationII.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/** Quicker Regeneration II metadata and live configured pulse bonus. */
+public final class QuickerRegenerationII {
+    public static final String ID = "quicker_regeneration_ii";
+    public record Settings(BigInteger bonus) {
+        public Settings {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(bonus);
+            if (bonus.signum() < 0 || bonus.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(1_024)) > 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Quicker Regeneration II bonus");
+            }
+        }
+        public static Settings defaults() { return new Settings(BigInteger.TWO); }
+    }
+    private volatile Settings settings;
+    public QuickerRegenerationII(Settings settings) { this.settings = Objects.requireNonNull(settings); }
+    public void configure(Settings value) { settings = Objects.requireNonNull(value); }
+    public BigInteger bonus() { return settings.bonus(); }
+    public PassiveDefinition definition() {
+        return new PassiveDefinition(ID, "Quicker Regeneration II",
+            Map.of(Stat.CON, BigInteger.valueOf(16), Stat.WIS, BigInteger.valueOf(14)),
+            Set.of(QuickerRegenerationI.ID), BigInteger.ONE,
+            List.of("Add " + bonus() + " health point" + (bonus().equals(BigInteger.ONE) ? "" : "s")
+                + " beyond Quicker Regeneration I to each eligible out-of-combat recovery pulse.",
+                "Both bonuses use the same capped persisted custom-healing transaction as base recovery."));
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/passive/SpeedI.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.passive;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.Stat;
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.EquipmentSessions;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
+
+/** Current-session native Speed I layer for the learned character passive. */
+public final class SpeedI implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String ID = "speed_i";
+    private final PersistentPotionEffect effect;
+
+    public SpeedI(EquipmentSessions sessions) {
+        effect = new PersistentPotionEffect(ID, PotionEffectType.SPEED, 0, true, sessions);
+    }
+
+    public PassiveDefinition definition() {
+        return new PassiveDefinition(ID, "Speed I", Map.of(Stat.DEX, BigInteger.valueOf(14)), Set.of(), BigInteger.ONE,
+            List.of("Continuously provides the standard native Speed I effect while this character is active.",
+                "Does not stack with equal Speed I and preserves stronger unrelated Speed effects."));
+    }
+
+    public void install(org.bukkit.plugin.Plugin plugin) { effect.install(plugin); }
+    public void sweep() { effect.sweep(); }
+    @Override public void close() { effect.close(); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/AdminReviveSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publish policy for later administrator revival selections. */
+public final class AdminReviveSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String KEY="admin-revive-selection-timeout-seconds";public static final String DEFAULT="60";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES=1_048_576;private static final long MAX_SECONDS=365L*24*60*60;
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement{void move(Path from,Path to)throws IOException;}
+    public record Update(String value,Duration timeout,long sequence){}
+    private final Path directory;private final Replacement replacement;private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(task->new Thread(task,"fantasy-admin-revive-configuration"));
+    private volatile Duration effective;private Duration persisted;private long persistedSequence,publishedSequence;private boolean closed;private int pending;private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+    public AdminReviveSettings(Path directory,Duration initial){this(directory,initial,(from,to)->Files.move(from,to,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));}
+    AdminReviveSettings(Path directory,Duration initial,Replacement replacement){this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();this.replacement=Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);effective=validate(initial);persisted=effective;}
+    public static Duration parse(Object value){if(value==null)return Duration.ofSeconds(60);try{return validate(Duration.ofSeconds(value instanceof Number n?new java.math.BigDecimal(n.toString()).longValueExact():Long.parseLong(value.toString())));}catch(ArithmeticException|NumberFormatException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be positive whole seconds",invalid);}}
+    private static Duration validate(Duration value){long seconds;try{seconds=value.toSeconds();}catch(ArithmeticException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid admin revival timeout",invalid);}if(value.isZero()||value.isNegative()||value.getNano()!=0||seconds>MAX_SECONDS)throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be positive whole seconds through 365 days");return value;}
+    public Duration timeout(){return effective;}public String value(){return Long.toString(effective.toSeconds());}
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String raw){Duration accepted=parse(raw);synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));pending++;}try{return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{save(accepted);persisted=accepted;return new Update(Long.toString(accepted.toSeconds()),accepted,++persistedSequence);}catch(IOException|RuntimeException failure){throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(new IOException("Admin revival configuration save refused or failed; effective setting unchanged"));}finally{finished();}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();}catch(RejectedExecutionException rejected){finished();return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));}}
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update){if(update.sequence()<=publishedSequence)return;effective=validate(update.timeout());publishedSequence=update.sequence();}
+    private void save(Duration value)throws IOException{Files.createDirectories(directory);if(!Files.isDirectory(directory,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");var file=directory.resolve("config.yml");var lockFile=directory.resolve(".config.lock");if(Files.exists(lockFile,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)&&!Files.isRegularFile(lockFile,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");try(var channel=FileChannel.open(lockFile,StandardOpenOption.CREATE,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);var lock=channel.tryLock()){if(lock==null)throw new IOException("Configuration busy");var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);var yaml=new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));Map<String,Object> values=new LinkedHashMap<>();if(Files.exists(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){if(!Files.isRegularFile(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");byte[] bytes;try(var input=Files.newInputStream(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){bytes=input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES+1);}if(bytes.length>MAX_BYTES)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Object loaded=yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());if(loaded!=null){if(!(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> map))throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");for(var entry:map.entrySet()){if(!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key))throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");values.put(key,entry.getValue());}}}values.put(KEY,Long.toString(value.toSeconds()));byte[] bytes=yaml.dump(values).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);if(bytes.length>MAX_BYTES)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(directory,".config-",".tmp");try{try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){var buffer=ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);while(buffer.hasRemaining())output.write(buffer);output.force(true);}replacement.move(temporary,file);}finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}}catch(OverlappingFileLockException busy){throw new IOException("Configuration busy");}}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}@Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/ArmorCatalogRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.shop.ArmorCatalog;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/** Durable adapter boundary for the one shared armor catalog. */
+public interface ArmorCatalogRepository {
+    Optional<ArmorCatalog> load() throws IOException;
+    void save(ArmorCatalog catalog) throws IOException;
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/ArmorPurchaseOperationStore.java

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.shop.ArmorProduct;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable recovery plans spanning one catalog reservation and character gear purchase. */
+public final class ArmorPurchaseOperationStore implements AutoCloseable {
+    public record Plan(UUID id, UUID character, BigInteger expectedCharacterRevision, UUID catalogRevision,
+                       ArmorProduct product, BigInteger price) {
+        public Plan {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(id); Objects.requireNonNull(character); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedCharacterRevision);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(catalogRevision); Objects.requireNonNull(product); Objects.requireNonNull(price);
+            if(expectedCharacterRevision.signum()<0||price.signum()<=0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid armor purchase plan");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-armor-operation-persistence"));
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public ArmorPurchaseOperationStore(Path data){directory=data.toAbsolutePath().resolve("armor-purchase-operations");}
+
+    public CompletionStage<Plan> prepare(Plan plan){return submit(()->{
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);Path target=file(plan.id());
+        if(Files.exists(target)) {
+            var existing=decode(Files.readString(target,StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            if(!existing.equals(plan))throw new IOException("Armor operation identity collision");
+            return existing;
+        }
+        write(target,encode(plan));return plan;
+    });}
+    public CompletionStage<Void> complete(UUID id){return submit(()->{if(Files.deleteIfExists(file(id)))DurableFiles.forceDirectory(directory);return null;});}
+    public CompletionStage<List<Plan>> load(){return submit(this::loadBlocking);}
+
+    private List<Plan> loadBlocking()throws IOException {
+        if(Files.notExists(directory))return List.of();
+        var result=new ArrayList<Plan>();
+        try(var files=Files.list(directory)) {
+            for(var path:files.filter(value->value.getFileName().toString().endsWith(".yml")).sorted().toList()) {
+                if(Files.size(path)>65_536)throw new IOException("Armor operation too large");
+                result.add(decode(Files.readString(path,StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
+            }
+        }
+        return List.copyOf(result);
+    }
+    private Path file(UUID id){return directory.resolve(id+".yml");}
+    private static String encode(Plan plan){Map<String,Object> row=new LinkedHashMap<>();row.put("schema-version",1);
+        row.put("operation-id",plan.id().toString());row.put("character",plan.character().toString());
+        row.put("expected-character-revision",plan.expectedCharacterRevision().toString());
+        row.put("catalog-revision",plan.catalogRevision().toString());row.put("slot",plan.product().slot().name());
+        row.put("tier",plan.product().tier().name());row.put("price",plan.price().toString());return yaml().dump(row);}
+    private static Plan decode(String input){Object decoded=yaml().load(input);if(!(decoded instanceof Map<?,?> row)||
+        !"1".equals(String.valueOf(row.get("schema-version"))))throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid armor operation schema");
+        return new Plan(UUID.fromString(text(row,"operation-id")),UUID.fromString(text(row,"character")),
+            new BigInteger(text(row,"expected-character-revision")),UUID.fromString(text(row,"catalog-revision")),
+            new ArmorProduct(GearSlot.valueOf(text(row,"slot")),GearTier.valueOf(text(row,"tier"))),new BigInteger(text(row,"price")));}
+    private static void write(Path target,String content)throws IOException {Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(target.getParent(),"armor-operation-",".tmp");
+        try{byte[] bytes=content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE)){
+            var buffer=ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);while(buffer.hasRemaining())output.write(buffer);output.force(true);}
+            try{Files.move(temporary,target,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE);}catch(AtomicMoveNotSupportedException unsupported){
+                throw new IOException("Atomic armor-operation persistence unavailable",unsupported);}DurableFiles.forceDirectory(target.getParent());}
+        finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}}
+    private static Yaml yaml(){var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(0);
+        options.setCodePointLimit(65_536);return new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));}
+    private static String text(Map<?,?> row,String key){Object value=row.get(key);if(value instanceof String text)return text;throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid "+key);}
+    private <T>CompletionStage<T> submit(Callable<T> action){synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(
+        new IOException("Armor operation store closed"));pending++;}return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{return action.call();}
+        catch(Exception failure){throw new CompletionException(failure);}finally{finished();}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/ChainLightningSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.ChainLightning;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Chain Lightning settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class ChainLightningSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE = "chain-lightning-base-damage";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "chain-lightning-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String INITIAL_RANGE = "chain-lightning-initial-range-blocks";
+    public static final String JUMP_RANGE = "chain-lightning-jump-range-blocks";
+    public static final String ADDITIONAL = "chain-lightning-additional-targets";
+    public static final String MULTIPLIER = "chain-lightning-jump-multiplier";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE, COOLDOWN, INITIAL_RANGE, JUMP_RANGE, ADDITIONAL, MULTIPLIER);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(
+        BASE, "8", COOLDOWN, "18", INITIAL_RANGE, "16", JUMP_RANGE, "6", ADDITIONAL, "3", MULTIPLIER, "0.75");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, ChainLightning.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-chain-lightning-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public ChainLightningSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    ChainLightningSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public ChainLightning.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(value); var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues);
+        preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Chain Lightning configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String raw) {
+        try { return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static ChainLightning.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try { return new ChainLightning.Settings(new BigDecimal(values.get(BASE)).toBigIntegerExact(),
+            seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(INITIAL_RANGE)), finite(values.get(JUMP_RANGE)),
+            new BigDecimal(values.get(ADDITIONAL)).intValueExact(), new BigDecimal(values.get(MULTIPLIER))); }
+        catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Chain Lightning settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/CharacterGear.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** Permanent helmet-free character armor state. */
+public record CharacterGear(GearTier chestplate,GearTier leggings,GearTier boots) {
+    public CharacterGear{if(chestplate==null||leggings==null||boots==null)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Missing gear tier");}
+    public static CharacterGear none(){return new CharacterGear(GearTier.NONE,GearTier.NONE,GearTier.NONE);}
+    public GearTier tier(GearSlot slot){return switch(slot){case CHESTPLATE->chestplate;case LEGGINGS->leggings;case BOOTS->boots;};}
+    public CharacterGear with(GearSlot slot,GearTier tier){Objects.requireNonNull(slot);Objects.requireNonNull(tier);return switch(slot){case CHESTPLATE->new CharacterGear(tier,leggings,boots);case LEGGINGS->new CharacterGear(chestplate,tier,boots);case BOOTS->new CharacterGear(chestplate,leggings,tier);};}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/CharacterRecord.java

@@ -16,15 +16,43 @@ import java.util.UUID;
 public record CharacterRecord(
         UUID id, String name, BigInteger revision, Map<Stat, BigInteger> stats,
         int level, BigInteger experience, BigInteger unspentPoints, BigDecimal health,
-        Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
+        Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, List<String> passives, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
         Map<UUID, CombatRewardRules.KillPosition> restrictedKills,
-        boolean dead, UUID deathId, Instant diedAt) {
+        boolean dead, UUID deathId, Instant diedAt,
+        BigInteger coins, boolean coinsInitialized, Set<UUID> rewardReceipts, BigInteger pvpCoinEscrow,CharacterGear gear) {
+    public CharacterRecord(UUID id,String name,BigInteger revision,Map<Stat,BigInteger> stats,int level,BigInteger experience,BigInteger unspentPoints,BigDecimal health,Set<String> learned,List<String> loadout,List<String> passives,Map<String,Instant> cooldowns,Map<UUID,CombatRewardRules.KillPosition> restrictedKills,boolean dead,UUID deathId,Instant diedAt,BigInteger coins,boolean coinsInitialized,Set<UUID> rewardReceipts,BigInteger pvpCoinEscrow){this(id,name,revision,stats,level,experience,unspentPoints,health,learned,loadout,passives,cooldowns,restrictedKills,dead,deathId,diedAt,coins,coinsInitialized,rewardReceipts,pvpCoinEscrow,CharacterGear.none());}
+    public CharacterRecord(UUID id, String name, BigInteger revision, Map<Stat, BigInteger> stats,
+                           int level, BigInteger experience, BigInteger unspentPoints, BigDecimal health,
+                           Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, List<String> passives, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
+                           Map<UUID, CombatRewardRules.KillPosition> restrictedKills, boolean dead, UUID deathId,
+                           Instant diedAt, BigInteger coins, boolean coinsInitialized, Set<UUID> rewardReceipts) {
+        this(id, name, revision, stats, level, experience, unspentPoints, health, learned, loadout, passives,
+            cooldowns, restrictedKills, dead, deathId, diedAt, coins, coinsInitialized, rewardReceipts, BigInteger.ZERO);
+    }
     public CharacterRecord(UUID id, String name, BigInteger revision, Map<Stat, BigInteger> stats,
                            int level, BigInteger experience, BigInteger unspentPoints, BigDecimal health,
                            Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
                            boolean dead, UUID deathId, Instant diedAt) {
         this(id, name, revision, stats, level, experience, unspentPoints, health, learned, loadout,
-            cooldowns, Map.of(), dead, deathId, diedAt);
+            List.of("", "", ""), cooldowns, Map.of(), dead, deathId, diedAt, BigInteger.ZERO, true, Set.of());
+    }
+
+    public CharacterRecord(UUID id, String name, BigInteger revision, Map<Stat, BigInteger> stats,
+                           int level, BigInteger experience, BigInteger unspentPoints, BigDecimal health,
+                           Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
+                           Map<UUID, CombatRewardRules.KillPosition> restrictedKills,
+                           boolean dead, UUID deathId, Instant diedAt) {
+        this(id, name, revision, stats, level, experience, unspentPoints, health, learned, loadout,
+            List.of("", "", ""), cooldowns, restrictedKills, dead, deathId, diedAt, BigInteger.ZERO, true, Set.of());
+    }
+
+    public CharacterRecord(UUID id, String name, BigInteger revision, Map<Stat, BigInteger> stats,
+                           int level, BigInteger experience, BigInteger unspentPoints, BigDecimal health,
+                           Set<String> learned, List<String> loadout, List<String> passives, Map<String, Instant> cooldowns,
+                           Map<UUID, CombatRewardRules.KillPosition> restrictedKills,
+                           boolean dead, UUID deathId, Instant diedAt) {
+        this(id, name, revision, stats, level, experience, unspentPoints, health, learned, loadout, passives,
+            cooldowns, restrictedKills, dead, deathId, diedAt, BigInteger.ZERO, true, Set.of());
     }
 
     public CharacterRecord {
@@ -34,20 +62,31 @@ public record CharacterRecord(
         Objects.requireNonNull(experience);
         Objects.requireNonNull(unspentPoints);
         Objects.requireNonNull(health);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(coins);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(pvpCoinEscrow);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(gear);
         stats = Map.copyOf(stats);
         learned = Set.copyOf(learned);
         loadout = List.copyOf(loadout);
+        passives = List.copyOf(passives);
         cooldowns = Map.copyOf(cooldowns);
         restrictedKills = Map.copyOf(restrictedKills);
+        rewardReceipts = Set.copyOf(rewardReceipts);
         if (revision.signum() < 0 || experience.signum() < 0 || unspentPoints.signum() < 0 || level < 1
                 || !stats.keySet().equals(EnumSet.allOf(Stat.class))
                 || stats.values().stream().anyMatch(value -> value.signum() < 0)
                 || health.signum() < 0
                 || health.compareTo(new BigDecimal(stats.get(Stat.CON).add(BigInteger.TEN))) > 0
-                || loadout.size() != 7 || learned.stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)
+                || loadout.size() != 7 || passives.size() != 3
+                || passives.stream().filter(passiveId -> !passiveId.isEmpty()).anyMatch(String::isBlank)
+                || passives.stream().filter(passiveId -> !passiveId.isEmpty()).distinct().count()
+                    != passives.stream().filter(passiveId -> !passiveId.isEmpty()).count()
+                || learned.stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)
                 || cooldowns.keySet().stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)
                 || restrictedKills.size() > 1024
                 || restrictedKills.entrySet().stream().anyMatch(entry -> !entry.getKey().equals(entry.getValue().world()))
+                || coins.signum() < 0 || pvpCoinEscrow.signum() < 0 || !coinsInitialized && coins.signum() != 0
+                || rewardReceipts.size() > 4096 || !dead && pvpCoinEscrow.signum() != 0
                 || (deathId == null) != (diedAt == null) || dead && deathId == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid character record");
         }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/CharacterStorage.java

@@ -24,12 +24,23 @@ import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
 public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
     private final YamlCharacterRepository repository;
     private final Clock clock;
+    private final java.util.function.Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coinRules;
+    private final java.util.random.RandomGenerator coinRandom;
     private final ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
         task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-character-persistence"));
 
     public CharacterStorage(YamlCharacterRepository repository, Clock clock) {
+        this(repository, clock, games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules::defaults,
+            java.util.random.RandomGenerator.getDefault());
+    }
+
+    public CharacterStorage(YamlCharacterRepository repository, Clock clock,
+            java.util.function.Supplier<games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules> coinRules,
+            java.util.random.RandomGenerator coinRandom) {
         this.repository = Objects.requireNonNull(repository);
         this.clock = Objects.requireNonNull(clock);
+        this.coinRules = Objects.requireNonNull(coinRules);
+        this.coinRandom = Objects.requireNonNull(coinRandom);
     }
 
     public CompletableFuture<Void> create(CharacterRecord character) {
@@ -53,7 +64,8 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
                     || record.dead() || record.deathId() != null || record.level() != 1
                     || record.experience().signum() != 0 || record.stats().values().stream().anyMatch(value -> value.signum() != 0)
                     || record.health().compareTo(java.math.BigDecimal.TEN) != 0
-                    || !record.learned().isEmpty() || !record.cooldowns().isEmpty()
+                    || !record.learned().isEmpty() || record.passives().stream().anyMatch(id -> !id.isEmpty())
+                    || !record.cooldowns().isEmpty() || !record.coinsInitialized() || !record.rewardReceipts().isEmpty() || !record.gear().equals(CharacterGear.none())
                     || record.loadout().stream().anyMatch(ability -> !ability.isEmpty())) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Craft batch requires distinct new characters");
             }
@@ -192,7 +204,20 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
     }
 
     public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> find(UUID id) {
-        return submit(() -> repository.load(id));
+        return submit(() -> load(id));
+    }
+
+    /** Persist a legacy character's one-time configured migration roll before exposing it. */
+    private Optional<CharacterRecord> load(UUID id) throws IOException {
+        var found = repository.load(id);
+        if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().coinsInitialized()) return found;
+        var old = found.orElseThrow();
+        var migrated = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
+            old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(),
+            old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), old.dead(), old.deathId(), old.diedAt(),
+            coinRules.get().starting(coinRandom), true, old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
+        repository.replace(migrated, old.revision());
+        return Optional.of(migrated);
     }
 
     /** Persist an accepted native rename against the latest live record; never create a character from item metadata. */
@@ -205,8 +230,8 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             var old = found.orElseThrow();
             if (old.name().equals(name)) return Optional.of(old);
             var renamed = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), name, old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
-                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(),
-                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(renamed, old.revision());
             return Optional.of(renamed);
         });
@@ -246,29 +271,90 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             int gained = Math.max(0, level - old.level());
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
                 level, experience, old.unspentPoints().add(BigInteger.valueOf(gained)), old.health(), old.learned(),
-                old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new ExperienceAward(ExperienceAwardStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved), gained);
         });
     }
 
-    public enum CombatAwardStatus { APPLIED, SPACING_BLOCKED, AT_CAP, UNCHANGED, STALE, UNAVAILABLE }
+    public enum CoinSpendStatus { APPLIED, DUPLICATE, INSUFFICIENT, STALE, UNAVAILABLE }
+    public record CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus status, Optional<CharacterRecord> record) { }
+
+    /** Persist one operation-keyed debit; an acknowledged operation can never charge twice. */
+    public CompletableFuture<CoinSpend> spendCoins(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision, UUID operationId,
+            BigInteger amount) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(operationId); Objects.requireNonNull(amount);
+        if (amount.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Coin debit must not be negative");
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var found = repository.load(characterId);
+            if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) {
+                return new CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus.UNAVAILABLE, Optional.empty());
+            }
+            var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (old.rewardReceipts().contains(operationId)) {
+                return new CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus.DUPLICATE, Optional.of(old));
+            }
+            if (!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) {
+                return new CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus.STALE, Optional.of(old));
+            }
+            if (old.coins().compareTo(amount) < 0) {
+                return new CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus.INSUFFICIENT, Optional.of(old));
+            }
+            var receipts = new java.util.HashSet<>(old.rewardReceipts());
+            if (receipts.size() >= 4096) receipts.remove(receipts.stream().min(UUID::compareTo).orElseThrow());
+            receipts.add(operationId);
+            var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
+                old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(),
+                old.passives(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(),
+                old.coins().subtract(amount), true, receipts,old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
+            repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
+            return new CoinSpend(CoinSpendStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
+        });
+    }
+
+    public enum CoinRefundStatus { APPLIED, DUPLICATE, UNAVAILABLE }
+    public record CoinRefund(CoinRefundStatus status,Optional<CharacterRecord> record){}
+    /** Compensate a persisted debit exactly once while retaining both audit receipts. */
+    public CompletableFuture<CoinRefund> refundCoins(UUID characterId,UUID debitId,UUID refundId,BigInteger amount){Objects.requireNonNull(characterId);Objects.requireNonNull(debitId);Objects.requireNonNull(refundId);Objects.requireNonNull(amount);if(amount.signum()<0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Coin refund must not be negative");return submit(()->{var found=repository.load(characterId);if(found.isEmpty())return new CoinRefund(CoinRefundStatus.UNAVAILABLE,Optional.empty());var old=found.orElseThrow();if(old.rewardReceipts().contains(refundId))return new CoinRefund(CoinRefundStatus.DUPLICATE,Optional.of(old));if(!old.rewardReceipts().contains(debitId))return new CoinRefund(CoinRefundStatus.UNAVAILABLE,Optional.of(old));var receipts=new java.util.HashSet<>(old.rewardReceipts());if(receipts.size()>=4096)receipts.remove(receipts.stream().filter(id->!id.equals(debitId)).min(UUID::compareTo).orElseThrow());receipts.add(refundId);var saved=new CharacterRecord(old.id(),old.name(),old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE),old.stats(),old.level(),old.experience(),old.unspentPoints(),old.health(),old.learned(),old.loadout(),old.passives(),old.cooldowns(),old.restrictedKills(),old.dead(),old.deathId(),old.diedAt(),old.coins().add(amount),old.coinsInitialized(),receipts,old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());repository.replace(saved,old.revision());return new CoinRefund(CoinRefundStatus.APPLIED,Optional.of(saved));});}
+
+    public enum GearPurchaseStatus { APPLIED,DUPLICATE,INSUFFICIENT,NOT_UPGRADE,STALE,UNAVAILABLE }
+    public record GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus status,Optional<CharacterRecord> record){}
+    /** One character-file transaction owns both the exact coin debit and strict gear replacement. */
+    public CompletableFuture<GearPurchase> purchaseGear(UUID characterId,BigInteger expectedRevision,UUID operationId,GearSlot slot,GearTier target,BigInteger price){Objects.requireNonNull(characterId);Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision);Objects.requireNonNull(operationId);Objects.requireNonNull(slot);Objects.requireNonNull(target);Objects.requireNonNull(price);if(target==GearTier.NONE||price.signum()<0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid gear purchase");return submit(()->{var found=repository.load(characterId);if(found.isEmpty()||found.orElseThrow().dead())return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.UNAVAILABLE,Optional.empty());var old=found.orElseThrow();if(old.rewardReceipts().contains(operationId))return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.DUPLICATE,Optional.of(old));if(!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision))return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.STALE,Optional.of(old));if(!target.higherThan(old.gear().tier(slot)))return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.NOT_UPGRADE,Optional.of(old));if(old.coins().compareTo(price)<0)return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.INSUFFICIENT,Optional.of(old));var receipts=new java.util.HashSet<>(old.rewardReceipts());if(receipts.size()>=4096)receipts.remove(receipts.stream().min(UUID::compareTo).orElseThrow());receipts.add(operationId);var saved=new CharacterRecord(old.id(),old.name(),old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE),old.stats(),old.level(),old.experience(),old.unspentPoints(),old.health(),old.learned(),old.loadout(),old.passives(),old.cooldowns(),old.restrictedKills(),false,old.deathId(),old.diedAt(),old.coins().subtract(price),true,receipts,old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear().with(slot,target));repository.replace(saved,old.revision());return new GearPurchase(GearPurchaseStatus.APPLIED,Optional.of(saved));});}
+
+    public enum CombatAwardStatus { APPLIED, SPACING_BLOCKED, AT_CAP, UNCHANGED, DUPLICATE, STALE, UNAVAILABLE }
     public record CombatAward(CombatAwardStatus status, Optional<CharacterRecord> record, int levels) { }
 
-    /** Persist one combat share and its restricted-kill reference in the same character revision. */
+    /** Compatibility route for callers that do not yet carry a stable reward identity or coins. */
     public CompletableFuture<CombatAward> awardCombatExperience(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision,
             BigInteger reward, ProgressionRules progression,
             games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CombatRewardRules rewards,
             games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restrictedKill) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision);
-        Objects.requireNonNull(reward); Objects.requireNonNull(progression); Objects.requireNonNull(rewards);
-        if (reward.signum() < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Experience reward must not be negative");
+        return awardCombatReward(characterId, expectedRevision, UUID.randomUUID(), reward, BigInteger.ZERO,
+            progression, rewards, restrictedKill);
+    }
+
+    /** Persist one idempotent XP/coin recipient share, receipt and spacing reference in one revision. */
+    public CompletableFuture<CombatAward> awardCombatReward(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision, UUID rewardId,
+            BigInteger experienceReward, BigInteger coinReward, ProgressionRules progression,
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CombatRewardRules rewards,
+            games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CombatRewardRules.KillPosition restrictedKill) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision); Objects.requireNonNull(rewardId);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(experienceReward); Objects.requireNonNull(coinReward);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(progression); Objects.requireNonNull(rewards);
+        if (experienceReward.signum() < 0 || coinReward.signum() < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Combat rewards must not be negative");
+        }
         return submit(() -> {
             var found = repository.load(characterId);
             if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) {
                 return new CombatAward(CombatAwardStatus.UNAVAILABLE, Optional.empty(), 0);
             }
             var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (old.rewardReceipts().contains(rewardId)) {
+                return new CombatAward(CombatAwardStatus.DUPLICATE, Optional.of(old), 0);
+            }
             if (!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) {
                 return new CombatAward(CombatAwardStatus.STALE, Optional.of(old), 0);
             }
@@ -278,24 +364,94 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             if (restrictedKill != null) history.put(restrictedKill.world(), restrictedKill);
             var cap = progression.xpPerLevel().multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(progression.maximumLevel() - 1L));
             boolean atCap = old.level() >= progression.maximumLevel() || old.experience().compareTo(cap) >= 0;
-            var experience = eligible && !atCap ? old.experience().add(reward).min(cap) : old.experience();
+            var experience = eligible && !atCap ? old.experience().add(experienceReward).min(cap) : old.experience();
             int level = atCap ? old.level() : experience.divide(progression.xpPerLevel()).intValueExact() + 1;
             int gained = Math.max(0, level - old.level());
             var status = !eligible ? CombatAwardStatus.SPACING_BLOCKED : atCap ? CombatAwardStatus.AT_CAP
-                : experience.equals(old.experience()) ? CombatAwardStatus.UNCHANGED : CombatAwardStatus.APPLIED;
-            if (history.equals(old.restrictedKills()) && experience.equals(old.experience())) {
-                return new CombatAward(status, Optional.of(old), 0);
-            }
+                : experience.equals(old.experience()) && coinReward.signum() == 0
+                    ? CombatAwardStatus.UNCHANGED : CombatAwardStatus.APPLIED;
+            var receipts = new java.util.HashSet<>(old.rewardReceipts());
+            if (receipts.size() >= 4096) receipts.remove(receipts.stream().min(UUID::compareTo).orElseThrow());
+            receipts.add(rewardId);
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
                 level, experience, old.unspentPoints().add(BigInteger.valueOf(gained)), old.health(), old.learned(),
-                old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(), history, false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(), history, false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(),
+                old.coins().add(coinReward), true, receipts,old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new CombatAward(status, Optional.of(saved), gained);
         });
     }
 
+    public enum PassiveMutationStatus {
+        APPLIED, STALE, REQUIREMENTS, NO_POINTS, PASSIVE_SLOTS_FULL, ALREADY_LEARNED,
+        NOT_LEARNED, REQUIRED_BY_LEARNED, UNAVAILABLE
+    }
+    public record PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus status, Optional<CharacterRecord> record) { }
+
+    /** Learn one registered passive in the lowest empty independent slot as one character revision. */
+    public CompletableFuture<PassiveMutation> unlockPassive(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision, String passive,
+            java.util.Map<Stat, BigInteger> requirements, Set<String> prerequisites, BigInteger cost) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision); Objects.requireNonNull(passive);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(requirements); Objects.requireNonNull(prerequisites); Objects.requireNonNull(cost);
+        if (!passive.matches("[a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63}") || !cost.equals(BigInteger.ONE)
+                || requirements.entrySet().stream().anyMatch(entry -> entry.getValue().compareTo(BigInteger.TEN) < 0)
+                || prerequisites.stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid passive unlock");
+        }
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var found = repository.load(characterId);
+            if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) {
+                return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, Optional.empty());
+            }
+            var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.STALE, Optional.of(old));
+            if (old.passives().contains(passive)) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.ALREADY_LEARNED, Optional.of(old));
+            if (!old.passives().containsAll(prerequisites) || requirements.entrySet().stream()
+                    .anyMatch(entry -> old.stats().get(entry.getKey()).compareTo(entry.getValue()) < 0)) {
+                return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.REQUIREMENTS, Optional.of(old));
+            }
+            if (old.unspentPoints().compareTo(cost) < 0) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.NO_POINTS, Optional.of(old));
+            int slot = old.passives().indexOf("");
+            if (slot < 0) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.PASSIVE_SLOTS_FULL, Optional.of(old));
+            var passives = new java.util.ArrayList<>(old.passives()); passives.set(slot, passive);
+            var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().subtract(cost), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), passives,
+                old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
+            repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
+            return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
+        });
+    }
+
+    /** Refund one passive once while refusing removal beneath a registered learned dependent. */
+    public CompletableFuture<PassiveMutation> unlearnPassive(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision,
+            String passive, Set<String> learnedDependents) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision); Objects.requireNonNull(passive);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(learnedDependents);
+        if (!passive.matches("[a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,63}") || learnedDependents.stream().anyMatch(String::isBlank)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid passive refund");
+        }
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var found = repository.load(characterId);
+            if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) {
+                return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, Optional.empty());
+            }
+            var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.STALE, Optional.of(old));
+            if (!old.passives().contains(passive)) return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.NOT_LEARNED, Optional.of(old));
+            if (old.passives().stream().anyMatch(learnedDependents::contains)) {
+                return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.REQUIRED_BY_LEARNED, Optional.of(old));
+            }
+            var passives = old.passives().stream().map(id -> id.equals(passive) ? "" : id).toList();
+            var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), passives,
+                old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
+            repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
+            return new PassiveMutation(PassiveMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
+        });
+    }
+
     public enum AbilityMutationStatus {
-        APPLIED, UNCHANGED, STALE, REQUIREMENTS, NO_POINTS, ALREADY_LEARNED, NOT_LEARNED, COOLDOWN, UNAVAILABLE
+        APPLIED, UNCHANGED, STALE, REQUIREMENTS, NO_POINTS, LOADOUT_FULL, ALREADY_LEARNED, NOT_LEARNED, COOLDOWN, UNAVAILABLE
     }
     public record AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus status, Optional<CharacterRecord> record) { }
 
@@ -317,10 +473,33 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
                 return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.REQUIREMENTS, Optional.of(old));
             }
             if (old.unspentPoints().compareTo(cost) < 0) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.NO_POINTS, Optional.of(old));
+            int slot = old.loadout().indexOf("");
+            if (slot < 0) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.LOADOUT_FULL, Optional.of(old));
             var learned = new java.util.HashSet<>(old.learned()); learned.add(ability);
+            var loadout = new java.util.ArrayList<>(old.loadout()); loadout.set(slot, ability);
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
-                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().subtract(cost), old.health(), learned, old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(),
-                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().subtract(cost), old.health(), learned, loadout, old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
+            repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
+            return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
+        });
+    }
+
+    /** Refund one learned ability exactly once, clear every equipped reference and retain its deadline. */
+    public CompletableFuture<AbilityMutation> unlearnAbility(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision, String ability) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision); Objects.requireNonNull(ability);
+        if (ability.isBlank()) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid ability refund");
+        return submit(() -> {
+            var found = repository.load(characterId);
+            if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.UNAVAILABLE, Optional.empty());
+            var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (!old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.STALE, Optional.of(old));
+            if (!old.learned().contains(ability)) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.NOT_LEARNED, Optional.of(old));
+            var learned = new java.util.HashSet<>(old.learned()); learned.remove(ability);
+            var loadout = old.loadout().stream().map(assigned -> assigned.equals(ability) ? "" : assigned).toList();
+            var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.health(), learned, loadout, old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
         });
@@ -342,8 +521,8 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             loadout.set(slot, ability);
             if (loadout.equals(old.loadout())) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.UNCHANGED, Optional.of(old));
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
-                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), loadout, old.cooldowns(),
-                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), loadout, old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
         });
@@ -366,8 +545,8 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             if (readyAt.equals(previous)) return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.UNCHANGED, Optional.of(old));
             var cooldowns = new java.util.HashMap<>(old.cooldowns()); cooldowns.put(ability, readyAt);
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
-                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), cooldowns,
-                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.health(), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(), cooldowns,
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new AbilityMutation(AbilityMutationStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
         });
@@ -411,8 +590,8 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             var gain = rawMaximum.min(nativeLimit).subtract(oldMaximum);
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), stats,
                 old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints().subtract(BigInteger.ONE),
-                currentHealth.add(gain), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false,
-                old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                currentHealth.add(gain), old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false,
+                old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return new StatPurchase(StatPurchaseStatus.APPLIED, Optional.of(saved));
         });
@@ -421,17 +600,24 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
     /** Session-owned remaining health; retain all other current fields and reject concurrent revision changes. */
     public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> saveHealth(UUID characterId, java.math.BigDecimal health,
                                                                   java.math.BigDecimal nativeLimit) {
+        return saveHealth(characterId, null, health, nativeLimit);
+    }
+
+    /** Ability-owned health mutation that refuses a changed character revision rather than healing stale state. */
+    public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> saveHealth(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision,
+            java.math.BigDecimal health, java.math.BigDecimal nativeLimit) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(characterId);
         if (health.signum() < 0 || nativeLimit.signum() <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid health bound");
         return submit(() -> {
             var found = repository.load(characterId);
             if (found.isEmpty() || found.orElseThrow().dead()) return Optional.empty();
             var old = found.orElseThrow();
+            if (expectedRevision != null && !old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) return Optional.empty();
             var bounded = health.min(old.maximumHealth()).min(nativeLimit);
             if (old.health().compareTo(bounded) == 0) return Optional.of(old);
             var saved = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(), old.level(),
-                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), bounded, old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(),
-                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), bounded, old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),old.pvpCoinEscrow(),old.gear());
             repository.replace(saved, old.revision());
             return Optional.of(saved);
         });
@@ -444,14 +630,18 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
      * Callers must retain their one-use session authority until the result resolves.
      */
     public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> recordDeath(UUID characterId) {
-        return death(characterId, null);
+        return death(characterId, null, false);
     }
 
     public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> recordDeath(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision) {
-        return death(characterId, Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision));
+        return death(characterId, Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision), false);
     }
 
-    private CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> death(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision) {
+    public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> recordDeath(UUID characterId, boolean loseCoins) {
+        return death(characterId, null, loseCoins);
+    }
+
+    private CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> death(UUID characterId, BigInteger expectedRevision, boolean loseCoins) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(characterId);
         Instant diedAt = clock.instant();
         UUID deathId = UUID.randomUUID();
@@ -462,27 +652,46 @@ public final class CharacterStorage implements AutoCloseable {
             if (old.dead() || expectedRevision != null && !old.revision().equals(expectedRevision)) return Optional.empty();
             var dead = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
                 old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), java.math.BigDecimal.ZERO, old.learned(),
-                old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), true, deathId, diedAt);
+                old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), true, deathId, diedAt,
+                loseCoins ? BigInteger.ZERO : old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),
+                loseCoins ? old.coins() : BigInteger.ZERO,old.gear());
             repository.replace(dead, old.revision());
             return Optional.of(dead);
         });
     }
 
     public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> restoreDeathRecord(UUID characterId, UUID deathId) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId);
-        Objects.requireNonNull(deathId);
+        return restoreDeathRecord(characterId, deathId, null);
+    }
+
+    /** Native Revive supplies the current plugin-controlled health ceiling captured on the server thread. */
+    public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> restoreDeathRecord(UUID characterId, UUID deathId,
+                                                                            java.math.BigDecimal nativeLimit) {
+        return restore(characterId, deathId, nativeLimit, true);
+    }
+
+    /** Administrator revival retains death identity/consume-once checks but deliberately ignores death age. */
+    public CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> restoreDeathRecordAdministratively(
+            UUID characterId, UUID deathId, java.math.BigDecimal nativeLimit) {
+        return restore(characterId, deathId, nativeLimit, false);
+    }
+
+    private CompletableFuture<Optional<CharacterRecord>> restore(UUID characterId, UUID deathId,
+                                                                  java.math.BigDecimal nativeLimit, boolean ageLimited) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(characterId); Objects.requireNonNull(deathId);
+        if (nativeLimit != null && nativeLimit.signum() <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid revival health limit");
         Instant selectedAt = clock.instant();
         return submit(() -> {
             Optional<CharacterRecord> found = repository.load(characterId);
             if (found.isEmpty() || !found.orElseThrow().dead()) return Optional.empty();
             CharacterRecord old = found.orElseThrow();
             Duration age = Duration.between(old.diedAt(), selectedAt);
-            if (!deathId.equals(old.deathId()) || age.isNegative() || age.compareTo(Duration.ofHours(24)) >= 0) {
-                return Optional.empty();
-            }
+            if (!deathId.equals(old.deathId()) || age.isNegative()
+                    || ageLimited && age.compareTo(Duration.ofHours(24)) >= 0) return Optional.empty();
+            var health = nativeLimit == null ? old.maximumHealth() : old.maximumHealth().min(nativeLimit);
             var restored = new CharacterRecord(old.id(), old.name(), old.revision().add(BigInteger.ONE), old.stats(),
-                old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), old.maximumHealth(), old.learned(),
-                old.loadout(), old.cooldowns(), old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt());
+                old.level(), old.experience(), old.unspentPoints(), health, old.learned(), old.loadout(), old.passives(), old.cooldowns(),
+                old.restrictedKills(), false, old.deathId(), old.diedAt(), old.coins(), old.coinsInitialized(), old.rewardReceipts(),BigInteger.ZERO,old.gear());
             repository.replace(restored, old.revision());
             return Optional.of(restored);
         });

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/CharacterYaml.java

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ final class CharacterYaml {
         root.put("health", record.health().toString());
         root.put("learned-abilities", record.learned().stream().sorted().toList());
         root.put("loadout", record.loadout());
+        root.put("learned-passives", record.passives());
         List<Map<String, String>> cooldowns = new ArrayList<>();
         record.cooldowns().entrySet().stream().sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey()).forEach(entry ->
             cooldowns.add(Map.of("ability", entry.getKey(), "ready-at", entry.getValue().toString())));
@@ -53,6 +54,11 @@ final class CharacterYaml {
                 "y", position.y().toString(), "z", position.z().toString()));
         });
         root.put("restricted-kills", restrictedKills);
+        root.put("coins-initialized", record.coinsInitialized());
+        root.put("coins", record.coins().toString());
+        root.put("reward-receipts", new ArrayList<>(record.rewardReceipts().stream().sorted().map(UUID::toString).toList()));
+        root.put("pvp-coin-escrow", record.pvpCoinEscrow().toString());
+        root.put("gear",Map.of("chestplate",record.gear().chestplate().name(),"leggings",record.gear().leggings().name(),"boots",record.gear().boots().name()));
         root.put("dead", record.dead());
         if (record.deathId() != null) {
             root.put("death-id", record.deathId().toString());
@@ -93,11 +99,20 @@ final class CharacterYaml {
         return new CharacterRecord(UUID.fromString(text(root.get("character-id"))), text(root.get("name")),
             number(root.get("revision")), stats, number(root.get("level")).intValueExact(),
             number(root.get("experience")), number(root.get("unspent-points")),
-            new BigDecimal(text(root.get("health"))), learned, strings(root.get("loadout")), cooldowns, restrictedKills,
-            dead, root.containsKey("death-id") ? UUID.fromString(text(root.get("death-id"))) : null,
-            root.containsKey("died-at") ? instant(root.get("died-at")) : null);
+            new BigDecimal(text(root.get("health"))), learned, strings(root.get("loadout")),
+            root.containsKey("learned-passives") ? strings(root.get("learned-passives")) : List.of("", "", ""),
+            cooldowns, restrictedKills, dead, root.containsKey("death-id") ? UUID.fromString(text(root.get("death-id"))) : null,
+            root.containsKey("died-at") ? instant(root.get("died-at")) : null,
+            root.containsKey("coins") ? number(root.get("coins")) : BigInteger.ZERO,
+            root.containsKey("coins-initialized") && bool(root.get("coins-initialized")),
+            root.containsKey("reward-receipts") ? strings(root.get("reward-receipts")).stream()
+                .map(UUID::fromString).collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toUnmodifiableSet()) : java.util.Set.of(),
+            root.containsKey("pvp-coin-escrow") ? number(root.get("pvp-coin-escrow")) : BigInteger.ZERO,
+            root.containsKey("gear")?gear(root.get("gear")):CharacterGear.none());
     }
 
+    private static CharacterGear gear(Object value){var gear=object(value);return new CharacterGear(GearTier.valueOf(text(gear.get("chestplate"))),GearTier.valueOf(text(gear.get("leggings"))),GearTier.valueOf(text(gear.get("boots"))));}
+
     private static Map<?, ?> object(Object value) {
         if (value instanceof Map<?, ?> map) return map;
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected YAML mapping");
@@ -112,6 +127,11 @@ final class CharacterYaml {
         return list(value).stream().map(CharacterYaml::text).toList();
     }
 
+    private static boolean bool(Object value) {
+        if (value instanceof Boolean result) return result;
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected YAML boolean");
+    }
+
     private static String text(Object value) {
         if (value instanceof String string) return string;
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected YAML string");

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/CoinSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.progression.CoinRules;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication inclusive coin ranges. */
+public final class CoinSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String START_MIN="starting-coins-min", START_MAX="starting-coins-max";
+    public static final String HOSTILE_MIN="hostile-coin-drop-min", HOSTILE_MAX="hostile-coin-drop-max";
+    public static final String BOSS_MIN="boss-coin-drop-min", BOSS_MAX="boss-coin-drop-max";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS=List.of(START_MIN,START_MAX,HOSTILE_MIN,HOSTILE_MAX,BOSS_MIN,BOSS_MAX);
+    private static final Map<String,String> DEFAULTS=Map.of(START_MIN,"1",START_MAX,"6",HOSTILE_MIN,"1",HOSTILE_MAX,"5",BOSS_MIN,"25",BOSS_MAX,"50");
+    public record Update(String key,String value,CoinRules rules,Map<String,String> values,long sequence){public Update{values=Map.copyOf(values);}}
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-coin-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String,String> effective;
+    private Map<String,String> persisted;
+    private long savedSequence,publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    public CoinSettings(Path directory,Map<String,String> initial){
+        this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        var values=new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
+        for(String key:KEYS)values.put(key,Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(values);effective=Map.copyOf(values);persisted=effective;
+    }
+    public static List<String> keys(){return KEYS;}
+    public static String defaultValue(String key){return DEFAULTS.get(key);}
+    public String value(String key){return effective.get(key);}
+    public CoinRules rules(){return parse(effective);}
+    public static CoinRules parse(Map<String,String> values){
+        try{return new CoinRules(whole(values.get(START_MIN)),whole(values.get(START_MAX)),whole(values.get(HOSTILE_MIN)),whole(values.get(HOSTILE_MAX)),whole(values.get(BOSS_MIN)),whole(values.get(BOSS_MAX)));}
+        catch(RuntimeException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Coin settings must be ordered whole numbers from 0 through 2147483647",invalid);}
+    }
+    private static long whole(String value){var number=new java.math.BigInteger(value);if(number.signum()<0||number.compareTo(java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE))>0)throw new IllegalArgumentException();return number.longValueExact();}
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key,String raw){
+        if(!KEYS.contains(key))throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown coin setting");
+        String accepted;try{accepted=new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();}catch(RuntimeException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Coin setting must be a whole number",invalid);}
+        var preview=new LinkedHashMap<>(effective);preview.put(key,accepted);parse(preview);
+        synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration closed"));}
+        return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{var next=new LinkedHashMap<>(persisted);next.put(key,accepted);var rules=parse(next);save(key,accepted);persisted=Map.copyOf(next);return new Update(key,accepted,rules,persisted,++savedSequence);}catch(IOException failure){throw new CompletionException(failure);}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+    }
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update){if(update.sequence()<=publishedSequence)return false;parse(update.values());effective=update.values();publishedSequence=update.sequence();return true;}
+    private void save(String key,String value)throws IOException{
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        var file=directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile=directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        try(var channel=FileChannel.open(lockFile,StandardOpenOption.CREATE,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);var lock=channel.tryLock()){
+            if(lock==null)throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);options.setCodePointLimit(1_048_576);
+            var yaml=new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));Map<String,Object> document=new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if(Files.exists(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){if(!Files.isRegularFile(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");byte[] bytes;try(var input=Files.newInputStream(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){bytes=input.readNBytes(1_048_577);}if(bytes.length>1_048_576)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Object loaded=yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());if(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> map)for(var entry:map.entrySet()){if(!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey))throw new IOException("Invalid key");document.put(savedKey,entry.getValue());}}
+            document.put(key,value);byte[] bytes=yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(directory,".config-",".tmp");try{Files.write(temporary,bytes,StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE)){output.force(true);}Files.move(temporary,file,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);}finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}
+        }catch(OverlappingFileLockException busy){throw new IOException("Configuration busy",busy);}
+    }
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/DurableFiles.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+
+/** Filesystem durability boundary used after atomically replacing or deleting acknowledged state. */
+final class DurableFiles {
+    private DurableFiles() { }
+    static void forceDirectory(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(directory, StandardOpenOption.READ)) { channel.force(true); }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/FireballSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Fireball;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Fireball settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class FireballSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE_DAMAGE = "fireball-base-damage";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "fireball-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "fireball-range-blocks";
+    public static final String LIFETIME = "fireball-lifetime-seconds";
+    public static final String SPEED = "fireball-projectile-speed-blocks-per-tick";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE_DAMAGE, COOLDOWN, LIFETIME, SPEED, RANGE);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(BASE_DAMAGE, "6", COOLDOWN, "1.2", RANGE, "32",
+        LIFETIME, "5", SPEED, "3");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Fireball.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-fireball-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public FireballSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    FireballSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Fireball.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return false;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence(); return true;
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Fireball configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            if (key.equals(BASE_DAMAGE)) return new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Fireball.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            return new Fireball.Settings(new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(BASE_DAMAGE)), seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)),
+                finite(values.get(RANGE)), seconds(values.get(LIFETIME)), finite(values.get(SPEED)));
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Fireball settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        return Duration.ofNanos(new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact());
+    }
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/FrostNovaSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.FrostNova;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Frost Nova settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class FrostNovaSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE = "frost-nova-base-damage";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "frost-nova-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RADIUS = "frost-nova-radius-blocks";
+    public static final String SLOWNESS = "frost-nova-slowness-amplifier";
+    public static final String DURATION = "frost-nova-slowness-duration-seconds";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE, COOLDOWN, RADIUS, SLOWNESS, DURATION);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(
+        BASE, "5", COOLDOWN, "12", RADIUS, "5", SLOWNESS, "1", DURATION, "3");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, FrostNova.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-frost-nova-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public FrostNovaSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    FrostNovaSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public FrostNova.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(value); var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues);
+        preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Frost Nova configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String raw) {
+        try { return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static FrostNova.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try { return new FrostNova.Settings(new BigDecimal(values.get(BASE)).toBigIntegerExact(),
+            seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(RADIUS)),
+            new BigDecimal(values.get(SLOWNESS)).intValueExact(), seconds(values.get(DURATION))); }
+        catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Frost Nova settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/FrostShardSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.FrostShard;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Frost Shard settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class FrostShardSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE_DAMAGE = "frost-shard-base-damage";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "frost-shard-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "frost-shard-range-blocks";
+    public static final String LIFETIME = "frost-shard-lifetime-seconds";
+    public static final String SPEED = "frost-shard-projectile-speed-blocks-per-tick";
+    public static final String AMPLIFIER = "frost-shard-slowness-amplifier";
+    public static final String SLOWNESS = "frost-shard-slowness-duration-seconds";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE_DAMAGE, COOLDOWN, LIFETIME, SPEED, RANGE, AMPLIFIER, SLOWNESS);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(BASE_DAMAGE, "4", COOLDOWN, "5", RANGE, "32",
+        LIFETIME, "5", SPEED, "3", AMPLIFIER, "0", SLOWNESS, "2");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, FrostShard.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-frost-shard-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public FrostShardSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    FrostShardSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public FrostShard.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    /** Publish only after the caller returns the durable acknowledgment to the server thread. */
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted);
+        parse(preview); // Fail malformed/out-of-range command input before queueing accepted persistence.
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues);
+                    next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Frost Shard configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            if (key.equals(BASE_DAMAGE) || key.equals(AMPLIFIER)) return new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static FrostShard.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            var base = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(BASE_DAMAGE));
+            var cooldown = seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN));
+            double range = finite(values.get(RANGE));
+            var lifetime = seconds(values.get(LIFETIME));
+            double speed = finite(values.get(SPEED));
+            int amplifier = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(AMPLIFIER)).intValueExact();
+            var slowness = seconds(values.get(SLOWNESS));
+            return new FrostShard.Settings(base, cooldown, range, lifetime, speed, amplifier, slowness);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Frost Shard settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/GearSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.shop.ArmorMarketRules;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication bases, variance and tier stock bounds for future catalogs. */
+public final class GearSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String LEATHER="gear-price-leather", COPPER="gear-price-copper",
+        GOLD="gear-price-gold", IRON="gear-price-iron", DIAMOND="gear-price-diamond",
+        NETHERITE="gear-price-netherite", VARIANCE="gear-price-variance-percent";
+    private static final Map<GearTier,String> PRICE_KEYS=Map.of(
+        GearTier.LEATHER,LEATHER, GearTier.COPPER,COPPER, GearTier.GOLD,GOLD,
+        GearTier.IRON,IRON, GearTier.DIAMOND,DIAMOND, GearTier.NETHERITE,NETHERITE);
+    private static final Map<GearTier,String> TIER_NAMES=Map.of(
+        GearTier.LEATHER,"leather", GearTier.COPPER,"copper", GearTier.GOLD,"gold",
+        GearTier.IRON,"iron", GearTier.DIAMOND,"diamond", GearTier.NETHERITE,"netherite");
+    private static final Map<String,String> DEFAULTS=defaults();
+    private static final List<String> KEYS=DEFAULTS.keySet().stream().sorted().toList();
+
+    public record Update(String key,String value,Map<String,String> values,long sequence) {
+        public Update { values=Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-gear-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String,String> effective;
+    private Map<String,String> persisted;
+    private long savedSequence,publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public GearSettings(Path directory,Map<String,String> initial) {
+        this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        var values=new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
+        for(String key:KEYS) values.put(key,Objects.requireNonNull(initial.getOrDefault(key,DEFAULTS.get(key))));
+        validate(values);
+        effective=Map.copyOf(values);
+        persisted=effective;
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys(){return KEYS;}
+    public static String defaultValue(String key){return DEFAULTS.get(key);}
+    public String value(String key){return effective.get(key);}
+    public int price(GearTier tier){return wholeNonnegative(effective.get(priceKey(tier)));}
+
+    public ArmorMarketRules rules() {
+        var values=effective;
+        var prices=new EnumMap<GearTier,BigInteger>(GearTier.class);
+        var stock=new EnumMap<GearTier,ArmorMarketRules.StockRange>(GearTier.class);
+        for(var tier:PRICE_KEYS.keySet()) {
+            prices.put(tier,new BigInteger(values.get(priceKey(tier))));
+            stock.put(tier,new ArmorMarketRules.StockRange(
+                wholePositive(values.get(stockKey(tier,true))), wholePositive(values.get(stockKey(tier,false)))));
+        }
+        return new ArmorMarketRules(prices,wholeVariance(values.get(VARIANCE)),stock);
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key,String raw) {
+        if(!KEYS.contains(key)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown gear market setting");
+        String accepted;
+        try { accepted=Integer.toString(parseForKey(key,raw)); }
+        catch(RuntimeException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid gear market setting",invalid); }
+        var preview=new LinkedHashMap<>(effective);
+        preview.put(key,accepted);
+        validate(preview);
+        synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration closed"));pending++;}
+        return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{
+            try {
+                var next=new LinkedHashMap<>(persisted);
+                next.put(key,accepted);
+                validate(next);
+                save(key,accepted);
+                persisted=Map.copyOf(next);
+                return new Update(key,accepted,persisted,++savedSequence);
+            } catch(IOException failure) { throw new CompletionException(failure); }
+            finally { finished(); }
+        },worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        if(update.sequence()<=publishedSequence)return false;
+        validate(update.values());
+        effective=update.values();
+        publishedSequence=update.sequence();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static Map<String,String> defaults() {
+        var values=new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
+        values.put(LEATHER,"2"); values.put(COPPER,"10"); values.put(GOLD,"25");
+        values.put(IRON,"75"); values.put(DIAMOND,"150"); values.put(NETHERITE,"500");
+        values.put(VARIANCE,"10");
+        int[][] ranges={{25,50},{20,40},{15,30},{10,20},{5,10},{1,3}};
+        GearTier[] tiers={GearTier.LEATHER,GearTier.COPPER,GearTier.GOLD,GearTier.IRON,GearTier.DIAMOND,GearTier.NETHERITE};
+        for(int i=0;i<tiers.length;i++) {
+            values.put(stockKey(tiers[i],true),Integer.toString(ranges[i][0]));
+            values.put(stockKey(tiers[i],false),Integer.toString(ranges[i][1]));
+        }
+        return Map.copyOf(values);
+    }
+
+    private static void validate(Map<String,String> values) {
+        for(var tier:PRICE_KEYS.keySet()) {
+            wholeNonnegative(values.get(priceKey(tier)));
+            int minimum=wholePositive(values.get(stockKey(tier,true)));
+            int maximum=wholePositive(values.get(stockKey(tier,false)));
+            if(minimum>maximum)throw new IllegalArgumentException("Stock minimum exceeds maximum");
+        }
+        wholeVariance(values.get(VARIANCE));
+    }
+
+    private static int parseForKey(String key,String value) {
+        if(key.equals(VARIANCE))return wholeVariance(value);
+        if(key.startsWith("gear-stock-"))return wholePositive(value);
+        return wholeNonnegative(value);
+    }
+    private static int wholeNonnegative(String value){return bounded(value,0,Integer.MAX_VALUE);}
+    private static int wholePositive(String value){return bounded(value,1,Integer.MAX_VALUE);}
+    private static int wholeVariance(String value){return bounded(value,0,100);}
+    private static int bounded(String value,int minimum,int maximum) {
+        var number=new BigInteger(Objects.requireNonNull(value));
+        if(number.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(minimum))<0||number.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(maximum))>0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+        return number.intValueExact();
+    }
+    private static String priceKey(GearTier tier) {
+        var key=PRICE_KEYS.get(tier);
+        if(key==null)throw new IllegalArgumentException("None is not purchasable");
+        return key;
+    }
+    public static String stockKey(GearTier tier,boolean minimum) {
+        var name=TIER_NAMES.get(tier);
+        if(name==null)throw new IllegalArgumentException("None is not purchasable");
+        return "gear-stock-"+name+(minimum?"-min":"-max");
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key,String value)throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        var file=directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile=directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        try(var channel=FileChannel.open(lockFile,StandardOpenOption.CREATE,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+            var lock=channel.tryLock()) {
+            if(lock==null)throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options=new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false); options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);
+            options.setCodePointLimit(1_048_576);
+            var yaml=new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String,Object> document=new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if(Files.exists(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if(!Files.isRegularFile(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try(var input=Files.newInputStream(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){bytes=input.readNBytes(1_048_577);}
+                if(bytes.length>1_048_576)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded=yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> map)for(var entry:map.entrySet()) {
+                    if(!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey))throw new IOException("Invalid key");
+                    document.put(savedKey,entry.getValue());
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key,Integer.parseInt(value));
+            byte[] bytes=yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(directory,".config-",".tmp");
+            try {
+                Files.write(temporary,bytes,StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
+                try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE)){output.force(true);}
+                Files.move(temporary,file,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                DurableFiles.forceDirectory(directory);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch(OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy",busy); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/GearSlot.java

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+/** Purchasable character armor slots; head is intentionally absent and remains cosmetic-only. */
+public enum GearSlot { CHESTPLATE, LEGGINGS, BOOTS }

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/GearTier.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+/** Strict reviewed armor progression; enum order is authoritative for upgrade comparisons. */
+public enum GearTier {
+    NONE, LEATHER, COPPER, GOLD, IRON, DIAMOND, NETHERITE;
+    public boolean higherThan(GearTier current){return ordinal()>current.ordinal();}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/GuardianBondSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.GuardianBond;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Guardian Bond settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class GuardianBondSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "guardian-bond-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "guardian-bond-range-blocks";
+    public static final String DURATION = "guardian-bond-duration-seconds";
+    public static final String REDIRECT = "guardian-bond-redirect-percent";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(COOLDOWN, DURATION, RANGE, REDIRECT);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(
+        COOLDOWN, "20", RANGE, "10", DURATION, "6", REDIRECT, "30");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, GuardianBond.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-guardian-bond-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public GuardianBondSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    GuardianBondSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public GuardianBond.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(value); var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues);
+        preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Guardian Bond configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String raw) {
+        try { return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static GuardianBond.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try { return new GuardianBond.Settings(seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(RANGE)),
+            seconds(values.get(DURATION)), new BigDecimal(values.get(REDIRECT))); }
+        catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Guardian Bond settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/HealthStealSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.HealthSteal;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication Health Steal balance. */
+public final class HealthStealSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String KEY = "health-steal-healing-per-kill";
+    public static final String DEFAULT = "1";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String value, HealthSteal.Settings settings, long sequence) { }
+    private final Path directory; private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-health-steal-configuration"));
+    private volatile String effective; private String persisted; private long persistedSequence, publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed; private int pending; private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public HealthStealSettings(Path directory, String initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+    HealthStealSettings(Path directory, String initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        effective = canonical(initial); persisted = effective;
+    }
+    public static HealthSteal.Settings parse(String raw) {
+        try { return new HealthSteal.Settings(new java.math.BigInteger(raw)); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bonus must be a whole number", invalid); }
+    }
+    private static String canonical(String raw) { var parsed = parse(raw); return parsed.healing().toString(); }
+    public String value() { return effective; }
+    public HealthSteal.Settings settings() { return parse(effective); }
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String raw) {
+        String accepted = canonical(raw);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed")); pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try { save(accepted); persisted = accepted; return new Update(accepted, parse(accepted), ++persistedSequence); }
+                catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Health Steal configuration save failed; effective value unchanged", failure));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed", rejected));
+        }
+    }
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return false;
+        effective = canonical(update.value()); publishedSequence = update.sequence(); return true;
+    }
+    private void save(String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false); options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);
+            options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES); var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes; try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(key, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(KEY, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy", busy); }
+    }
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/HexSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Hex;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Hex settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class HexSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "hex-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "hex-range-blocks";
+    public static final String DURATION = "hex-duration-seconds";
+    public static final String REDUCTION = "hex-damage-reduction-percent";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(COOLDOWN, RANGE, DURATION, REDUCTION);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(COOLDOWN, "10", RANGE, "12", DURATION, "4", REDUCTION, "20");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Hex.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-hex-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public HexSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    HexSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Hex.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    /** Publish only after the caller returns the durable acknowledgment to the server thread. */
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted);
+        parse(preview); // Fail malformed/out-of-range command input before queueing accepted persistence.
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues);
+                    next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Hex configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Hex.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            var cooldown = seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN));
+            var range = finite(values.get(RANGE));
+            var duration = seconds(values.get(DURATION));
+            var reduction = new java.math.BigDecimal(values.get(REDUCTION));
+            return new Hex.Settings(cooldown, range, duration, reduction);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hex settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/InspireSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Inspire;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Inspire settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class InspireSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE = "inspire-base-temporary-health";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "inspire-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "inspire-range-blocks";
+    public static final String DURATION = "inspire-duration-seconds";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE, COOLDOWN, RANGE, DURATION);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(BASE, "4", COOLDOWN, "15", RANGE, "12", DURATION, "6");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Inspire.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-inspire-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public InspireSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    InspireSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Inspire.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    /** Publish only after the caller returns the durable acknowledgment to the server thread. */
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted);
+        parse(preview); // Fail malformed/out-of-range command input before queueing accepted persistence.
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues);
+                    next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Inspire configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            if (key.equals(BASE)) return new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Inspire.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            var base = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(BASE));
+            var cooldown = seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN));
+            var range = finite(values.get(RANGE));
+            var duration = seconds(values.get(DURATION));
+            return new Inspire.Settings(base, cooldown, range, duration);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Inspire settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/LongbowSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Longbow;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Longbow settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class LongbowSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE_DAMAGE = "longbow-base-damage";
+    public static final String RECOVERY = "longbow-recovery-seconds";
+    public static final String MINIMUM_DRAW = "longbow-minimum-draw-ticks";
+    public static final String FULL_DRAW = "longbow-full-draw-ticks";
+    public static final String RANGE = "longbow-range-blocks";
+    public static final String LIFETIME = "longbow-lifetime-seconds";
+    public static final String FULL_SPEED = "longbow-full-projectile-speed-blocks-per-tick";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE_DAMAGE, RECOVERY, MINIMUM_DRAW, FULL_DRAW, RANGE,
+        LIFETIME, FULL_SPEED);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(BASE_DAMAGE, "5", RECOVERY, "1",
+        MINIMUM_DRAW, "3", FULL_DRAW, "20", RANGE, "64", LIFETIME, "10", FULL_SPEED, "3");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Longbow.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-longbow-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public LongbowSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    LongbowSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Longbow.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    /** Publish only after the caller returns the durable acknowledgment to the server thread. */
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted);
+        parse(preview); // Fail malformed/out-of-range command input before queueing accepted persistence.
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues);
+                    next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Longbow configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            if (key.equals(BASE_DAMAGE) || key.equals(MINIMUM_DRAW) || key.equals(FULL_DRAW)) {
+                return new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();
+            }
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Longbow.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            var base = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(BASE_DAMAGE));
+            var recovery = seconds(values.get(RECOVERY));
+            int minimumDraw = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(MINIMUM_DRAW)).intValueExact();
+            int fullDraw = new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(FULL_DRAW)).intValueExact();
+            double range = finite(values.get(RANGE));
+            var lifetime = seconds(values.get(LIFETIME));
+            double speed = finite(values.get(FULL_SPEED));
+            return new Longbow.Settings(base, recovery, minimumDraw, fullDraw, range, lifetime, speed);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Longbow settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/MendingLightSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.MendingLight;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Mending Light settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class MendingLightSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE_HEALING = "mending-light-base-healing";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "mending-light-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "mending-light-range-blocks";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE_HEALING, COOLDOWN, RANGE);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(BASE_HEALING, "6", COOLDOWN, "8", RANGE, "12");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, MendingLight.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-mending-light-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public MendingLightSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    MendingLightSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public MendingLight.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Mending Light configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            if (key.equals(BASE_HEALING)) return new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString();
+            return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static MendingLight.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            return new MendingLight.Settings(new java.math.BigInteger(values.get(BASE_HEALING)),
+                seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(RANGE)));
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mending Light settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/MeteorSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Meteor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Meteor settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class MeteorSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String BASE_DAMAGE = "meteor-base-damage";
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "meteor-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String TARGET_RANGE = "meteor-target-range-blocks";
+    public static final String WARNING = "meteor-warning-seconds";
+    public static final String RADIUS = "meteor-radius-blocks";
+    public static final String VERTICAL = "meteor-vertical-range-blocks";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(BASE_DAMAGE, COOLDOWN, TARGET_RANGE, WARNING, RADIUS, VERTICAL);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(
+        BASE_DAMAGE, "14", COOLDOWN, "45", TARGET_RANGE, "24", WARNING, "2", RADIUS, "5", VERTICAL, "4");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Meteor.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-meteor-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public MeteorSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    MeteorSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Meteor.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(value); var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues);
+        preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Meteor configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String raw) {
+        try { return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Meteor.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try { return new Meteor.Settings(new BigDecimal(values.get(BASE_DAMAGE)).toBigIntegerExact(),
+            seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(TARGET_RANGE)), seconds(values.get(WARNING)),
+            finite(values.get(RADIUS)), finiteNonnegative(values.get(VERTICAL))); }
+        catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Meteor settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+    private static double finiteNonnegative(String value) {
+        double result = finite(value); if (result < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is negative"); return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/OutOfCombatRecoverySettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.session.OutOfCombatRecovery;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication settings for active-session out-of-combat recovery. */
+public final class OutOfCombatRecoverySettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String DELAY = "out-of-combat-healing-delay-seconds";
+    public static final String INTERVAL = "out-of-combat-healing-interval-seconds";
+    public static final String AMOUNT = "out-of-combat-healing-amount";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(DELAY, INTERVAL, AMOUNT);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(DELAY, "10", INTERVAL, "10", AMOUNT, "1");
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    private static final long MAX_SECONDS = 31_536_000L;
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, OutOfCombatRecovery.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-out-of-combat-recovery-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public OutOfCombatRecoverySettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    OutOfCombatRecoverySettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+        persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public OutOfCombatRecovery.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public static OutOfCombatRecovery.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(values);
+        try {
+            long delay = whole(values.get(DELAY), 0, MAX_SECONDS, DELAY);
+            long interval = whole(values.get(INTERVAL), 1, MAX_SECONDS, INTERVAL);
+            long amount = whole(values.get(AMOUNT), 0, 1_024, AMOUNT);
+            return new OutOfCombatRecovery.Settings(Duration.ofSeconds(delay), Duration.ofSeconds(interval),
+                java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(amount));
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Out-of-combat recovery settings must be whole numbers in range", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long whole(String raw, long minimum, long maximum, String key) {
+        var value = new java.math.BigInteger(raw);
+        long result = value.longValueExact();
+        if (result < minimum || result > maximum) throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " is outside its supported range");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String raw) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(raw);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted;
+        try { accepted = new java.math.BigInteger(raw).toString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting must be a whole number", invalid); }
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Out-of-combat recovery configuration save failed; effective settings unchanged", failure));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed", rejected));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Publish only an acknowledged newest persisted snapshot. */
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return false;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values();
+        publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy", busy); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/PartyEconomySettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication prices for future party transactions. */
+public final class PartyEconomySettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String REGISTRATION="party-registration-price", LEADER_CHANGE="party-leader-change-price";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS=List.of(LEADER_CHANGE,REGISTRATION);
+    private static final Map<String,String> DEFAULTS=Map.of(REGISTRATION,"10",LEADER_CHANGE,"10");
+    public record Update(String key,String value,Map<String,String> values,long sequence){public Update{values=Map.copyOf(values);}}
+    private final Path directory; private final ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-party-economy-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String,String> effective; private Map<String,String> persisted;
+    private long savedSequence,publishedSequence; private boolean closed;private int pending;private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+    public PartyEconomySettings(Path directory,Map<String,String> initial){this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();var values=new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();for(String key:KEYS)values.put(key,Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));validate(values);effective=Map.copyOf(values);persisted=effective;}
+    public static List<String> keys(){return KEYS;} public static String defaultValue(String key){return DEFAULTS.get(key);}
+    public String value(String key){return effective.get(key);} public int registrationPrice(){return whole(effective.get(REGISTRATION));} public int leaderChangePrice(){return whole(effective.get(LEADER_CHANGE));}
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key,String raw){if(!KEYS.contains(key))throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown party price");String accepted;try{accepted=Integer.toString(whole(raw));}catch(RuntimeException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException("Party price must be a whole number from 0 through 2147483647",invalid);}var preview=new LinkedHashMap<>(effective);preview.put(key,accepted);validate(preview);synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration closed"));pending++;}return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{var next=new LinkedHashMap<>(persisted);next.put(key,accepted);validate(next);save(key,accepted);persisted=Map.copyOf(next);return new Update(key,accepted,persisted,++savedSequence);}catch(IOException failure){throw new CompletionException(failure);}finally{finished();}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();}
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update){if(update.sequence()<=publishedSequence)return false;validate(update.values());effective=update.values();publishedSequence=update.sequence();return true;}
+    private static void validate(Map<String,String> values){for(String key:KEYS)whole(values.get(key));}
+    private static int whole(String value){var number=new java.math.BigInteger(value);if(number.signum()<0||number.compareTo(java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE))>0)throw new IllegalArgumentException();return number.intValueExact();}
+    private void save(String key,String value)throws IOException{Files.createDirectories(directory);var file=directory.resolve("config.yml");var lockFile=directory.resolve(".config.lock");try(var channel=FileChannel.open(lockFile,StandardOpenOption.CREATE,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);var lock=channel.tryLock()){if(lock==null)throw new IOException("Configuration busy");var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);options.setCodePointLimit(1_048_576);var yaml=new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));Map<String,Object> document=new LinkedHashMap<>();if(Files.exists(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){if(!Files.isRegularFile(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");byte[] bytes;try(var input=Files.newInputStream(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){bytes=input.readNBytes(1_048_577);}if(bytes.length>1_048_576)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Object loaded=yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());if(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> map)for(var entry:map.entrySet()){if(!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey))throw new IOException("Invalid key");document.put(savedKey,entry.getValue());}}document.put(key,Integer.parseInt(value));byte[] bytes=yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(directory,".config-",".tmp");try{Files.write(temporary,bytes,StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE)){output.force(true);}Files.move(temporary,file,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);DurableFiles.forceDirectory(directory);}finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}}catch(OverlappingFileLockException busy){throw new IOException("Configuration busy",busy);}}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/PartyOperationStore.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.party.PartyNames;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable recovery plans spanning a character debit and a party mutation. */
+public final class PartyOperationStore implements AutoCloseable {
+    public enum Kind{CREATE,TRANSFER}
+    public record Plan(UUID id,Kind kind,UUID actor,BigInteger expectedRevision,BigInteger amount,String name,UUID party,UUID target,BigInteger expectedPartyRevision){public Plan{Objects.requireNonNull(id);Objects.requireNonNull(kind);Objects.requireNonNull(actor);Objects.requireNonNull(expectedRevision);Objects.requireNonNull(amount);if(expectedRevision.signum()<0||amount.signum()<0||kind==Kind.CREATE&&(PartyNames.parse(name).isEmpty()||party!=null||target!=null||expectedPartyRevision!=null)||kind==Kind.TRANSFER&&(party==null||target==null||name!=null||expectedPartyRevision==null||expectedPartyRevision.signum()<0))throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid party operation");}}
+    private final Path directory;private final ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(r->new Thread(r,"fantasy-party-operation-persistence"));private volatile boolean closed;private int pending;private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+    public PartyOperationStore(Path data){directory=data.toAbsolutePath().resolve("party-operations");}
+    public static UUID refundId(UUID operation){return UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes(("party-refund:"+operation).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));}
+    public CompletionStage<Plan> prepare(Plan plan){return submit(()->{Files.createDirectories(directory);if(plan.kind()==Kind.CREATE){String canonical=PartyNames.parse(plan.name()).orElseThrow().canonical();for(var pending:loadBlocking())if(pending.kind()==Kind.CREATE&&PartyNames.parse(pending.name()).orElseThrow().canonical().equals(canonical)&&!pending.id().equals(plan.id()))throw new IOException("Party name already reserved");}Path target=file(plan.id());if(Files.exists(target)){var existing=decode(Files.readString(target));if(!existing.equals(plan))throw new IOException("Operation identity collision");return existing;}write(target,encode(plan));return plan;});}
+    public CompletionStage<Void> complete(UUID id){return submit(()->{if(Files.deleteIfExists(file(id)))DurableFiles.forceDirectory(directory);return null;});}
+    public CompletionStage<List<Plan>> load(){return submit(this::loadBlocking);}
+    private List<Plan> loadBlocking()throws IOException{if(Files.notExists(directory))return List.of();var result=new ArrayList<Plan>();try(var files=Files.list(directory)){for(var path:files.filter(value->value.getFileName().toString().endsWith(".yml")).sorted().toList()){if(Files.size(path)>65536)throw new IOException("Party operation too large");result.add(decode(Files.readString(path,StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));}}return List.copyOf(result);}
+    private Path file(UUID id){return directory.resolve(id+".yml");}
+    private static String encode(Plan p){Map<String,Object> row=new LinkedHashMap<>();row.put("schema-version",1);row.put("operation-id",p.id().toString());row.put("kind",p.kind().name());row.put("actor",p.actor().toString());row.put("expected-revision",p.expectedRevision().toString());row.put("amount",p.amount().toString());if(p.name()!=null)row.put("name",p.name());if(p.party()!=null)row.put("party",p.party().toString());if(p.target()!=null)row.put("target",p.target().toString());if(p.expectedPartyRevision()!=null)row.put("expected-party-revision",p.expectedPartyRevision().toString());return yaml().dump(row);}
+    private static Plan decode(String input){Object loaded=yaml().load(input);if(!(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> row)||!"1".equals(String.valueOf(row.get("schema-version"))))throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid party operation schema");return new Plan(UUID.fromString(text(row,"operation-id")),Kind.valueOf(text(row,"kind")),UUID.fromString(text(row,"actor")),new BigInteger(text(row,"expected-revision")),new BigInteger(text(row,"amount")),optional(row,"name"),uuid(row,"party"),uuid(row,"target"),row.containsKey("expected-party-revision")?new BigInteger(text(row,"expected-party-revision")):null);}
+    private static String text(Map<?,?> row,String key){Object value=row.get(key);if(value instanceof String text)return text;throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid "+key);}
+    private static String optional(Map<?,?> row,String key){return row.containsKey(key)?text(row,key):null;}private static UUID uuid(Map<?,?> row,String key){String value=optional(row,key);return value==null?null:UUID.fromString(value);}
+    private static Yaml yaml(){var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(0);options.setCodePointLimit(65536);return new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));}
+    private static void write(Path target,String content)throws IOException{Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(target.getParent(),"party-operation-",".tmp");try{byte[] bytes=content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);try(var output=java.nio.channels.FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE)){var buffer=java.nio.ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);while(buffer.hasRemaining())output.write(buffer);output.force(true);}try{Files.move(temporary,target,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE);}catch(AtomicMoveNotSupportedException unsupported){throw new IOException("Atomic party-operation persistence is unavailable",unsupported);}DurableFiles.forceDirectory(target.getParent());}finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}}
+    private <T>CompletionStage<T> submit(Callable<T> action){synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Party operation store closed"));pending++;}return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{return action.call();}catch(Exception failure){throw new CompletionException(failure);}finally{finished();}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}
+    @Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/PartySettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publish policy for party capacity checks and book presentation. */
+public final class PartySettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String KEY="party-max-size";public static final String DEFAULT="6";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES=1_048_576;
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement{void move(Path from,Path to)throws IOException;}
+    public record Update(String value,int maximum,long sequence){}
+    private final Path directory;private final Replacement replacement;private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker=Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(task->new Thread(task,"fantasy-party-configuration"));
+    private volatile int effective;private long persistedSequence,publishedSequence;private boolean closed;private int pending;private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained=new CompletableFuture<>();
+    public PartySettings(Path directory,int initial){this(directory,initial,(from,to)->Files.move(from,to,StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));}
+    PartySettings(Path directory,int initial,Replacement replacement){this.directory=Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();this.replacement=Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);effective=validate(initial);}
+    public static int parse(Object value){if(value==null)return 6;if(!(value instanceof Number number))throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be a positive whole number");try{return validate(new java.math.BigDecimal(number.toString()).intValueExact());}catch(ArithmeticException|NumberFormatException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be a representable positive whole number",invalid);}}
+    private static int parseText(String value){if(value==null||!value.matches("[0-9]+"))throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be a positive whole number");try{return validate(new java.math.BigInteger(value).intValueExact());}catch(ArithmeticException|NumberFormatException invalid){throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be a representable positive whole number",invalid);}}
+    private static int validate(int value){if(value<1)throw new IllegalArgumentException(KEY+" must be a positive whole number");return value;}
+    public int maximum(){return effective;}public String value(){return Integer.toString(effective);}
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String raw){int accepted=parseText(raw);synchronized(this){if(closed)return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));pending++;}try{return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{try{save(accepted);return new Update(Integer.toString(accepted),accepted,++persistedSequence);}catch(IOException|RuntimeException failure){throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(new IOException("Party configuration save refused or failed; effective setting unchanged"));}finally{finished();}},worker).minimalCompletionStage();}catch(RejectedExecutionException rejected){finished();return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));}}
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update){if(update.sequence()<=publishedSequence)return false;effective=validate(update.maximum());publishedSequence=update.sequence();return true;}
+    private void save(int value)throws IOException{Files.createDirectories(directory);if(!Files.isDirectory(directory,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");var file=directory.resolve("config.yml");var lockFile=directory.resolve(".config.lock");if(Files.exists(lockFile,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)&&!Files.isRegularFile(lockFile,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");try(var channel=FileChannel.open(lockFile,StandardOpenOption.CREATE,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);var lock=channel.tryLock()){if(lock==null)throw new IOException("Configuration busy");var options=new LoaderOptions();options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);var yaml=new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));Map<String,Object> values=new LinkedHashMap<>();if(Files.exists(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){if(!Files.isRegularFile(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS))throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");byte[] bytes;try(var input=Files.newInputStream(file,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){bytes=input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES+1);}if(bytes.length>MAX_BYTES)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Object loaded=yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());if(loaded!=null){if(!(loaded instanceof Map<?,?> map))throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");for(var entry:map.entrySet()){if(!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key))throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");values.put(key,entry.getValue());}}}values.put(KEY,value);byte[] bytes=yaml.dump(values).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);if(bytes.length>MAX_BYTES)throw new IOException("Configuration too large");Path temporary=Files.createTempFile(directory,".config-",".tmp");try{try(var output=FileChannel.open(temporary,StandardOpenOption.WRITE,LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)){var buffer=ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);while(buffer.hasRemaining())output.write(buffer);output.force(true);}replacement.move(temporary,file);}finally{Files.deleteIfExists(temporary);}}catch(OverlappingFileLockException busy){throw new IOException("Configuration busy");}}
+    private synchronized void finished(){pending--;if(closed&&pending==0)drained.complete(null);}public CompletionStage<Void> drained(){return drained.minimalCompletionStage();}@Override public synchronized void close(){closed=true;worker.shutdown();if(pending==0)drained.complete(null);}
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/PlayerFeedbackPreferences.java

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable account-owned routine combat/effect feedback preference. */
+public final class PlayerFeedbackPreferences implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final String FILE = "player-preferences.yml";
+    private static final String PLAYERS = "players";
+    private static final String KEY = "combat-feedback";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+
+    public record Update(UUID account, boolean enabled, long sequence) {
+        public Update { Objects.requireNonNull(account); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-player-feedback-preferences"));
+    private final Map<UUID, Boolean> effective = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, Long> published = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public PlayerFeedbackPreferences(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        effective.putAll(loadEnabled());
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean enabled(UUID account) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(account);
+        return effective.getOrDefault(account, true);
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(UUID account, boolean enabled) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(account);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Player preference store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    save(account, enabled);
+                    return new Update(account, enabled, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(new IOException(
+                        "Combat feedback preference save refused or failed; effective setting unchanged", failure));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Player preference store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (closed) return false;
+        long previous = published.getOrDefault(update.account(), 0L);
+        if (update.sequence() <= previous) return false;
+        effective.put(update.account(), update.enabled());
+        published.put(update.account(), update.sequence());
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private Map<UUID, Boolean> loadEnabled() throws IOException {
+        Map<String, Object> root = readRoot();
+        Object rawPlayers = root.get(PLAYERS);
+        if (rawPlayers == null) return Map.of();
+        if (!(rawPlayers instanceof Map<?, ?> players)) throw new IOException("Invalid player preferences");
+        var result = new LinkedHashMap<UUID, Boolean>();
+        for (var entry : players.entrySet()) {
+            if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String rawId)) throw new IOException("Invalid player preference identity");
+            UUID account;
+            try { account = UUID.fromString(rawId); }
+            catch (IllegalArgumentException invalid) { throw new IOException("Invalid player preference identity", invalid); }
+            if (!(entry.getValue() instanceof Map<?, ?> values)) throw new IOException("Invalid player preference entry");
+            Object raw = values.get(KEY);
+            if (raw == null) continue;
+            if (!(raw instanceof Boolean value)) throw new IOException("Invalid combat feedback preference");
+            result.put(account, value);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(UUID account, boolean enabled) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe data directory");
+        Path lockFile = directory.resolve(".player-preferences.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe preference lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                    LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+             var ignored = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (ignored == null) throw new IOException("Player preferences busy");
+            Map<String, Object> root = readRoot();
+            Map<String, Object> players = stringMap(root.get(PLAYERS), "player preferences");
+            Map<String, Object> values = stringMap(players.get(account.toString()), "player preference entry");
+            values.put(KEY, enabled);
+            players.put(account.toString(), values);
+            root.put(PLAYERS, players);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml().dump(root).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Player preferences too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".player-preferences-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
+                    while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer);
+                    output.force(true);
+                }
+                Files.move(temporary, directory.resolve(FILE), StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE,
+                    StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                DurableFiles.forceDirectory(directory);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) {
+            throw new IOException("Player preferences busy", busy);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, Object> readRoot() throws IOException {
+        Path file = directory.resolve(FILE);
+        if (!Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) return new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe player preferences");
+        byte[] bytes;
+        try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1);
+        }
+        if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Player preferences too large");
+        Object loaded = yaml().load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+        return stringMap(loaded, "player preference root");
+    }
+
+    private static Map<String, Object> stringMap(Object raw, String label) throws IOException {
+        var result = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
+        if (raw == null) return result;
+        if (!(raw instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid " + label);
+        for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+            if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key)) throw new IOException("Invalid " + label + " key");
+            result.put(key, entry.getValue());
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private static Yaml yaml() {
+        var options = new LoaderOptions();
+        options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+        options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);
+        options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+        return new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true;
+        worker.shutdown();
+        if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/PurifySettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Purify;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Purify settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class PurifySettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "purify-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String RANGE = "purify-range-blocks";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(COOLDOWN, RANGE);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(COOLDOWN, "15", RANGE, "12");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Purify.Settings settings, Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-purify-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public PurifySettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    PurifySettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy); effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Purify.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values()); effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(value); var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues);
+        preview.put(key, accepted); parse(preview);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues); next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next); save(key, accepted); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Purify configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String raw) {
+        try { return new BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString(); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Purify.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try { return new Purify.Settings(seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN)), finite(values.get(RANGE))); }
+        catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Purify settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options)); Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/QuickerRegenerationIISettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.QuickerRegenerationII;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication Quicker Regeneration II balance. */
+public final class QuickerRegenerationIISettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String KEY = "quicker-regeneration-ii-bonus-healing";
+    public static final String DEFAULT = "2";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String value, QuickerRegenerationII.Settings settings, long sequence) { }
+    private final Path directory; private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-quicker-regeneration-ii-configuration"));
+    private volatile String effective; private String persisted; private long persistedSequence, publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed; private int pending; private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public QuickerRegenerationIISettings(Path directory, String initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+    QuickerRegenerationIISettings(Path directory, String initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        effective = canonical(initial); persisted = effective;
+    }
+    public static QuickerRegenerationII.Settings parse(String raw) {
+        try { return new QuickerRegenerationII.Settings(new java.math.BigInteger(raw)); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bonus must be a whole number", invalid); }
+    }
+    private static String canonical(String raw) { var parsed = parse(raw); return parsed.bonus().toString(); }
+    public String value() { return effective; }
+    public QuickerRegenerationII.Settings settings() { return parse(effective); }
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String raw) {
+        String accepted = canonical(raw);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed")); pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try { save(accepted); persisted = accepted; return new Update(accepted, parse(accepted), ++persistedSequence); }
+                catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Quicker Regeneration II configuration save failed; effective value unchanged", failure));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed", rejected));
+        }
+    }
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return false;
+        effective = canonical(update.value()); publishedSequence = update.sequence(); return true;
+    }
+    private void save(String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false); options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);
+            options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES); var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes; try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(key, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(KEY, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy", busy); }
+    }
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/QuickerRegenerationSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.passive.QuickerRegenerationI;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Durable save-before-publication Quicker Regeneration I balance. */
+public final class QuickerRegenerationSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    public static final String KEY = "quicker-regeneration-i-bonus-healing";
+    public static final String DEFAULT = "1";
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String value, QuickerRegenerationI.Settings settings, long sequence) { }
+    private final Path directory; private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-quicker-regeneration-i-configuration"));
+    private volatile String effective; private String persisted; private long persistedSequence, publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed; private int pending; private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public QuickerRegenerationSettings(Path directory, String initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+    QuickerRegenerationSettings(Path directory, String initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath(); this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        effective = canonical(initial); persisted = effective;
+    }
+    public static QuickerRegenerationI.Settings parse(String raw) {
+        try { return new QuickerRegenerationI.Settings(new java.math.BigInteger(raw)); }
+        catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bonus must be a whole number", invalid); }
+    }
+    private static String canonical(String raw) { var parsed = parse(raw); return parsed.bonus().toString(); }
+    public String value() { return effective; }
+    public QuickerRegenerationI.Settings settings() { return parse(effective); }
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String raw) {
+        String accepted = canonical(raw);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed")); pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try { save(accepted); persisted = accepted; return new Update(accepted, parse(accepted), ++persistedSequence); }
+                catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Quicker Regeneration I configuration save failed; effective value unchanged", failure));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished(); return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed", rejected));
+        }
+    }
+    public synchronized boolean publish(Update update) {
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return false;
+        effective = canonical(update.value()); publishedSequence = update.sequence(); return true;
+    }
+    private void save(String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml"); var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS) && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+            throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        }
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false); options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20);
+            options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES); var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes; try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String key)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(key, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(KEY, value); byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy", busy); }
+    }
+    private synchronized void finished() { pending--; if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() { closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null); }
+}

src/main/java/games/dmg/fantasystick/persistence/QuickstepSettings.java

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+package games.dmg.fantasystick.persistence;
+
+import games.dmg.fantasystick.ability.Quickstep;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.OverlappingFileLockException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.LoaderOptions;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml;
+import org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.SafeConstructor;
+
+/** Serialized durable Quickstep settings; publication remains a server-thread caller decision. */
+public final class QuickstepSettings implements AutoCloseable {
+    private static final int MAX_BYTES = 1_048_576;
+    public static final String COOLDOWN = "quickstep-cooldown-seconds";
+    public static final String DISTANCE = "quickstep-distance-blocks";
+    public static final String SPEED = "quickstep-speed-blocks-per-tick";
+    private static final List<String> KEYS = List.of(COOLDOWN, DISTANCE, SPEED);
+    private static final Map<String, String> DEFAULTS = Map.of(COOLDOWN, "5", DISTANCE, "4", SPEED, "1");
+
+    @FunctionalInterface interface Replacement { void move(Path from, Path to) throws IOException; }
+    public record Update(String key, String value, Quickstep.Settings settings,
+                         Map<String, String> values, long sequence) {
+        public Update { values = Map.copyOf(values); }
+    }
+
+    private final Path directory;
+    private final Replacement replacement;
+    private final java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+        task -> new Thread(task, "fantasy-quickstep-configuration"));
+    private volatile Map<String, String> effectiveValues;
+    private Map<String, String> persistedValues;
+    private long persistedSequence;
+    private long publishedSequence;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private int pending;
+    private final CompletableFuture<Void> drained = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+    public QuickstepSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial) {
+        this(directory, initial, (from, to) -> Files.move(from, to,
+            StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING));
+    }
+
+    QuickstepSettings(Path directory, Map<String, String> initial, Replacement replacement) {
+        this.directory = Objects.requireNonNull(directory).toAbsolutePath();
+        this.replacement = Objects.requireNonNull(replacement);
+        var copy = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
+        for (String key : KEYS) copy.put(key, Objects.requireNonNull(initial.get(key)));
+        parse(copy);
+        effectiveValues = Map.copyOf(copy); persistedValues = Map.copyOf(copy);
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> keys() { return KEYS; }
+    public static String defaultValue(String key) { return DEFAULTS.get(key); }
+    public String value(String key) { return effectiveValues.get(key); }
+    public Quickstep.Settings settings() { return parse(effectiveValues); }
+
+    /** Publish only after the caller returns the durable acknowledgment to the server thread. */
+    public synchronized void publish(Update update) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(update);
+        if (update.sequence() <= publishedSequence) return;
+        parse(update.values());
+        effectiveValues = update.values(); publishedSequence = update.sequence();
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Update> set(String key, String value) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(key); Objects.requireNonNull(value);
+        if (!KEYS.contains(key)) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown setting"));
+        String accepted = canonical(key, value);
+        var preview = new LinkedHashMap<>(effectiveValues); preview.put(key, accepted);
+        parse(preview); // Fail malformed/out-of-range command input before queueing accepted persistence.
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (closed) return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+            pending++;
+        }
+        try {
+            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
+                try {
+                    var next = new LinkedHashMap<>(persistedValues);
+                    next.put(key, accepted);
+                    var parsed = parse(next);
+                    save(key, accepted);
+                    persistedValues = Map.copyOf(next);
+                    return new Update(key, accepted, parsed, persistedValues, ++persistedSequence);
+                } catch (IOException | RuntimeException failure) {
+                    throw new java.util.concurrent.CompletionException(failure instanceof IllegalArgumentException
+                        ? failure : new IOException("Quickstep configuration save refused or failed; effective settings unchanged"));
+                } finally { finished(); }
+            }, worker).minimalCompletionStage();
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException rejected) {
+            finished();
+            return CompletableFuture.failedStage(new IOException("Configuration store is closed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String canonical(String key, String raw) {
+        try {
+            return new java.math.BigDecimal(raw).stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        } catch (NumberFormatException invalid) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid value", invalid); }
+    }
+
+    public static Quickstep.Settings parse(Map<String, String> values) {
+        try {
+            var cooldown = seconds(values.get(COOLDOWN));
+            double distance = finite(values.get(DISTANCE));
+            double speed = finite(values.get(SPEED));
+            return new Quickstep.Settings(cooldown, distance, speed);
+        } catch (ArithmeticException | NumberFormatException | NullPointerException invalid) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Quickstep settings must use supported numeric values", invalid);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Duration seconds(String value) {
+        var nanos = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).movePointRight(9).toBigIntegerExact().longValueExact();
+        return Duration.ofNanos(nanos);
+    }
+
+    private static double finite(String value) {
+        double result = new java.math.BigDecimal(value).doubleValue();
+        if (!Double.isFinite(result)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Setting is not finite");
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void save(String key, String value) throws IOException {
+        Files.createDirectories(directory);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(directory, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe directory");
+        var file = directory.resolve("config.yml");
+        var lockFile = directory.resolve(".config.lock");
+        if (Files.exists(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)
+                && !Files.isRegularFile(lockFile, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe lock");
+        try (var channel = FileChannel.open(lockFile, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS); var lock = channel.tryLock()) {
+            if (lock == null) throw new IOException("Configuration busy");
+            var options = new LoaderOptions(); options.setAllowDuplicateKeys(false);
+            options.setMaxAliasesForCollections(20); options.setCodePointLimit(MAX_BYTES);
+            var yaml = new Yaml(new SafeConstructor(options));
+            Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (Files.exists(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (!Files.isRegularFile(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) throw new IOException("Unsafe configuration");
+                byte[] bytes;
+                try (var input = Files.newInputStream(file, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) { bytes = input.readNBytes(MAX_BYTES + 1); }
+                if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+                Object loaded = yaml.load(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.newDecoder().decode(ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes)).toString());
+                if (loaded != null) {
+                    if (!(loaded instanceof Map<?, ?> map)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration root");
+                    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
+                        if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof String savedKey)) throw new IOException("Invalid configuration key");
+                        document.put(savedKey, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            document.put(key, value);
+            byte[] bytes = yaml.dump(document).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            if (bytes.length > MAX_BYTES) throw new IOException("Configuration too large");
+            Path temporary = Files.createTempFile(directory, ".config-", ".tmp");
+            try {
+                try (var output = FileChannel.open(temporary, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                    var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); while (buffer.hasRemaining()) output.write(buffer); output.force(true);
+                }
+                replacement.move(temporary, file);
+            } finally { Files.deleteIfExists(temporary); }
+        } catch (OverlappingFileLockException busy) { throw new IOException("Configuration busy"); }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void finished() {
+        pending--;
+        if (closed && pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+    public CompletionStage<Void> drained() { return drained.minimalCompletionStage(); }
+    @Override public synchronized void close() {
+        closed = true; worker.shutdown(); if (pending == 0) drained.complete(null);
+    }
+}